Neuropilin-1 Is Expressed on Highly Activated CD4 Effector T Cells and Dysfunctional CD4 Conventional T Cells from Naive Mice.

Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a well described marker molecule for CD4Foxp3 thymus-derived regulatory T cells (Tregs). In addition, a small population of CD4Foxp3 conventional (conv) T cells expresses Nrp-1 in naive mice, and Nrp-1 expression has been described to be upregulated on activated CD4 T cells. However, the function of Nrp-1 expression on CD4 non-Tregs still remains elusive.

MicroRNA-183 and microRNA-96 are associated with autoimmune responses by regulating T cell activation.

MircoRNAs (miRs) are small molecules that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. They have been proposed to be involved in the regulation of several immune responses including autoimmunity. Here, we identified miR-183 and miR-96 to be highly expressed in CD4 T cells from peripheral blood of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) patients as well as in human and murine T cells upon activation in vitro.