Determining patient preferences in the treatment of medication-refractory overactive bladder.

Introduction: Overactive bladder (OAB) is often suboptimally addressed by behavioral or pharmacological treatments. Less than 15% of patients choose to pursue advanced OAB therapy (sacral nerve stimulation [SNS], percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation [PTNS], and bladder onabotulinum toxin type-A [BTX-A]). We seek to better understand which factors are most important to patients when choosing a third-line therapy.

What to do after a mid-urethral sling fails.

Purpose Of Review: After the Food and Drug Administration Public Health Notification in 2011 regarding transvaginal mesh, there has been a decline in the use of mid-urethral slings (MUS). However, they are an effective treatment option for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) with minimal complications. The management of recurrent SUI after sling continues to be debated.

Trends in the Diagnosis and Management of Combined Rectal and Vaginal Pelvic Organ Prolapse.

Objective: To examine the rates of surgical repair of comorbid rectal prolapse (RP) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) over time in a large population-based cohort.

Materials And Methods: We queried Optum, a national administrative claims database, from 2003 to 2017. We evaluated female patients age 18 or older with a diagnosis of POP and/or RP.

Use of Preventive Health Services Among Cancer Survivors in the U.S.

Introduction: With improvements in early detection and treatment, a growing proportion of the population now lives with a personal history of a cancer. Although many cancer survivors are in excellent health, the underlying risk factors and side effects of cancer treatment increase the risk of medical complications and secondary malignancies.

Methods: The 2013 National Health Interview Survey was utilized to assess the association between personal history of cancer and receipt of U.

Implementation of a Perioperative Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Program for Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy on an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol.

Background: Novel venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis programs, including postdischarge pharmacologic prophylaxis, have been associated with decreased VTE rates. Such practices have not been widely adopted in managing radical cystectomy (RC) patients.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a perioperative VTE prophylaxis program on VTE rates after RC.

Impact of adequate pelvic lymph node dissection on overall survival after radical cystectomy: A stratified analysis by clinical stage and receipt of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: An adequate pelvic lymph node dissection (LND) during radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BCa) has been shown to provide a survival benefit. We designed a study to assess the effect of adequate LND on overall survival (OS) according to cT stage and receipt of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Material And Methods: We identified 16,505 patients with localized BCa who received RC in the National Cancer Database (2004-2012).

The Effect of Physician Specialty Obtaining Access for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy on Perioperative Costs and Outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the specialty (urologist vs radiologist) of the physician obtaining percutaneous renal access (RA) on perioperative outcomes, complications, and costs of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Materials And Methods: We used data from a national hospital discharge database to identify patients undergoing PCNL between 2003 and 2015. Procedure codes related to RA were linked to physician specialty.

30-Day Adverse Events Following Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer Versus Benign Bladder Conditions.

Introduction: Cystectomy is a first line treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer and a last resort option for several benign bladder conditions. It is currently unknown how the perioperative outcomes of cystectomy for cancer differ from those of cystectomy for benign conditions.

Methods: Using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database we extracted data on cystectomy between 2006 and 2013.

Recurrence in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: a Systematic Review of Contemporary Data.

Purpose Of Review: Patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are at risk of recurrence. The purpose of this review was to characterize the literature on recurrence rates and risk factors after diagnosis of localized RCC.

Recent Findings: Our search revealed that existing data examining the prevalence of recurrence rates predominantly originates from cohorts of patients diagnosed and treated in the 1980s to 1990s, and may therefore not be as useful for counseling for current patients today.

The Effect of Resident Involvement on Surgical Outcomes for Common Urologic Procedures: A Case Study of Uni- and Bilateral Hydrocele Repair.

Objective: Previous studies have investigated the effect of resident involvement (RI) on surgical complications in minimally invasive and complex surgical cases. This study evaluates the effect of surgical education on outcomes in a simple general urologic procedure, unilateral and bilateral hydrocele repair, in a large prospectively collected multi-institutional database.

Methods: Relying on the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant User files (2005-2013), we extracted patients who underwent unilateral or bilateral hydrocele repair using Current Procedural Terminology codes 55040, 55041, and 55060.

Dose-dependent effect of androgen deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer on adverse cardiac events.

Objectives: To investigate the dose-dependent effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on adverse cardiac events in elderly men with non-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) stratified according to life expectancy.

Patients And Methods: A total of 50 384 men diagnosed with localized PCa between 1992 and 2007 were identified within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry areas. We compared those who received ADT within 2 years of PCa diagnosis with those who did not, calculated as monthly equivalent doses of GnRH agonists (<8, ≥8 doses), or orchiectomy.