Background: The so-called Low Cardiac Output Syndrome (LCOS) is one of the most common complications in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease undergoing corrective surgery. LCOS requires high concentrations of inotropes to support cardiac contractility and improve cardiac output, allowing for better systemic perfusion. To date, serum lactate concentrations and central venous oxygen saturation (ScVO) are the most commonly used perfusion markers, but they are not completely reliable in identifying a state of global tissue hypoxia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic low back pain (CLBP) due to osteoarthritis represents a therapeutic challenge worldwide. Opioids are extensively used to treat such pain, but the development of tolerance, i.e.
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