Successful implantation of cardiac resynchronization therapy in a patient with coronary sinus reducer using proximal coronary sinus branches: a case report.

Background: The coronary sinus reducer (CSR) is a therapeutic option for patients with coronary artery disease who are not eligible for further revascularization and experience refractory angina. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves symptoms and prognosis in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, but the presence of a CSR may complicate left ventricular lead placement. Only four cases have been reported so far in this context.

Thromboembolic Risk in Sinus Rhythm: A New Paradigm in Light Chain Cardiac Amyloidosis.

Thromboembolic risk is increased in cardiac amyloidosis, and this goes beyond the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in these patients. A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for a presyncopal episode. Clinical and instrumental findings led to a diagnosis of light chain cardiac amyloidosis.

[Anticoagulant therapy in left ventricular non-compaction: when, how and why].

Left ventricular non compaction (LVNC) comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases that can cause heart failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events. In particular, the prevalence of thromboembolism in patients with LVNC is relevant compared to the general population. Atrial fibrillation and left ventricular thrombosis are strong predictors and require anticoagulant treatment in primary or secondary prevention, with a significant reduction in the risk of events.

The Role of MicroRNA in the Myocarditis: a Small Actor for a Great Role.

Purpose Of Review: Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium secondary to a variety of agents such as infectious pathogens, toxins, drugs, and autoimmune disorders. In our review, we provide an overview of miRNA biogenesis and their role in the etiology and pathogenesis of myocarditis, evaluating future directions for myocarditis management.

Recent Findings: Advances in genetic manipulation techniques allowed to demonstrate the important role of RNA fragments, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), in cardiovascular pathogenesis.