Pregnancy outcomes in the medical management of glaucoma: An international multicenter descriptive survey.

Purpose: To determine if glaucoma medications are associated with pregnancy and/or postnatal complications.

Methods: Multicenter descriptive survey. Subjects were female patients 18-45 years who were previously pregnant with a diagnosis of glaucoma or ocular hypertension prior to pregnancy.

Experience with netarsudil 0.02% and latanoprostene bunod 0.024% as adjunctive therapy for glaucoma.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness and safety of adjunctive topical netarsudil 0.02% and latanoprostene bunod 0.024% in patients with glaucoma.

Corneal ectasia associated with postoperative hypotony.

Importance: Although post-operative hypotony is common, many ophthalmologists argue that ocular hypotony is relatively inconsequential and question its occurrence as a surgical complication. Corneal changes related to ocular hypotony has seldom been described.

Objective: To describe corneal topographical changes and ectasia occur in patients who experienced hypotony after glaucoma filtering procedures.

M&S Smart System Contrast Sensitivity Measurements Compared With Standard Visual Function Measurements in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the nature and extent of letter contrast sensitivity (CS) deficits in glaucoma patients using a commercially available computer-based system (M&S Smart System II) and to compare the letter CS measurements to standard clinical measures of visual function.

Methods: Ninety-four subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma participated. Each subject underwent visual acuity, letter CS, and standard automated perimetry testing (Humphrey SITA 24-2).

Morphologic Patterns Formed by the Anomalous Fibers Occurring Along the Anterior Capsule of the Crystalline Lens in People With the Long Anterior Zonule Trait.

People with the long anterior zonule (LAZ) trait, which may have prevalence near 2%, have zonular fibers that extend more central than usual along the anterior capsule of the crystalline lens. The anomalous fibers can be observed in vivo with clinical slit lamp biomicroscopy after pharmacologic pupil dilation, and although minimally studied, the LAZ trait may have importance to glaucoma, retinal degeneration, and cataract surgery. To further characterize LAZ morphology, a custom computer program was used to trace LAZ fibers seen on retro-illumination photos acquired during previous study at an academic, urban eye care facility in Chicago, IL.

Anterior Chamber Depth, Lens Thickness, and Related Measures in African American Females With Long Anterior Zonules: A Matched Study With Control for Refractive Error.

Purpose: To investigate anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), vitreous body length (VBL), and axial length (AL) in African American females with long anterior zonules (LAZ) while controlling for refractive error.

Methods: The eyes of 50 African American females with LAZ were compared with 50 controls matched with age, race, sex, and refractive error. Central ACD, LT, VBL, and AL measurements were obtained in a masked manner using a-scan ultrasonography.

Effect of hemodialysis on intraocular pressure and ocular perfusion pressure.

Importance: Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and decreased ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) are risk factors for glaucoma development and progression. Unrecognized significant IOP elevation or OPP reduction during hemodialysis (HD) could lead to glaucomatous optic nerve damage and subsequent visual loss.

Objective: To evaluate changes in IOP and OPP during HD.

Investigating ocular dimensions in African Americans with long anterior zonules.

Purpose: To investigate ocular dimensions in African Americans with the long anterior zonule (LAZ) trait.

Methods: A total of 61 African American LAZ subjects and 61 age-matched, race-matched, and sex-matched controls were compared with respect to central corneal thickness, central corneal curvature, axial length (AL), and subjective refraction.

Results: LAZ right eyes had a mean SR=+1.

Remnants of the anterior tunica vasculosa lentis and long anterior lens zonules.

Purpose: To investigate presence of remnants of the tunica vasculosa lentis, a possible indication of anterior segment dysgenesis, in subjects with the long anterior zonule (LAZ) trait.

Methods: Retroillumination photographs of the pupil region had been collected in earlier study of the LAZ trait in African Americans. Secondary image analysis was performed to assess the frequency of intact persistent pupillary membrane iris strands (PPMIS).

Surgical technique for excisional bleb revision using a rotational conjunctival flap for a large conjunctival defect.

Bleb dysesthesia is a common but under recognized late complication of trabeculectomy, sometimes requiring surgical revision if conservative measures fail. We describe in detail a surgical technique for closure of a large conjunctival defect following bleb excision for refractory dysesthesia. Two subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil injections were given to improve bleb function.

Ocular pulse amplitude in patients with descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty.

Purpose: To study the relationship of ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes that have undergone successful Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK).

Patients And Methods: Fifty eyes of 38 patients with successful DSEK at a single tertiary referral center were followed up for at least 3 months. At the time of the study all patients were carefully examined to rule out any clinically detectable corneal edema.

Quantification of pupil parameters in diseased and normal eyes with near infrared iris transillumination imaging.

Background And Objective: To investigate near infrared iris transillumination (NIRit) imaging as a new method to quantify pupil shape, size, and position because the imaging modality can uniquely provide simultaneous information regarding iris structural details that influence pupil characteristics and because exploration of related techniques could promote discovery helpful to clinical research and care.

Patients And Methods: Digital NIRit images of normal and diseased eyes were used along with computer-assisted techniques to quantify four primary pupil parameters, including pupil roundness (PR), pupil ovalness (PO), pupil size (PS), and pupil eccentricity (PE). A combined measure of PR and PO was also developed (the pupil circularity index [PCI]).

Multispectral diagnostic imaging of the iris in pigment dispersion syndrome.

Purpose: To determine if wavelength selection with near infrared iris imaging may enhance iris transillumination defects (ITDs) in pigment dispersion syndrome.

Methods: An experimental apparatus was used to acquire iris images in 6 African-American (AA) and 6 White patients with pigment dispersion syndrome. Light-emitting diode probes of 6 different spectral bands (700 to 950 nm) were used to project light into patients' eyes.

Special considerations for pars plana tube-shunt placement in Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis.

The Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis has been successfully used in eyes with a poor prognosis for a conventional penetrating keratoplasty. The Boston Type 1 Keratoprosthesis Study Group reported significant postoperative vision improvement with a high rate of graft retention. However, glaucoma has significantly limited visual potential in patients with otherwise successful transplants.

Gender and glaucoma: what we know and what we need to know.

Purpose Of Review: With growing aging populations and an increase in cases of glaucoma and glaucoma blindness worldwide, aging populations are particularly at higher risk of glaucoma and glaucoma blindness. Awareness of the gender differences might increase attention toward populations at risk.

Recent Findings: Women not only outlive men, but also outnumber men in glaucoma cases worldwide.

Early results of Descemet-stripping and automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in patients with glaucoma drainage devices.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of Descemet-stripping and automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in patients with glaucoma tube shunts in the anterior chamber.

Methods: Retrospective review of 4 patients with a history of tube shunt placement that experienced corneal decompensation and subsequently underwent DSAEK at 1 institution. Details of the surgical procedures as well as postoperative features including graft attachment, visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), graft clarity, and central corneal thickness were recorded.

Visual acuity and intraocular pressure after Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty in eyes with and without preexisting glaucoma.

Purpose: (1) To characterize the pattern of intraocular pressure (IOP) changes after Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) in patients without preexisting glaucoma and in those with preexisting glaucoma, with and without prior glaucoma surgery. (2) To compare vision and IOP outcomes among the 3 groups.

Design: A retrospective chart review.

Novel observations and potential applications using digital infrared iris imaging.

Digital infrared iris photography using a modified digital camera system was performed on approximately 300 subjects seen during routine clinical care and research at one facility. Because this image database offered an opportunity to gain new insight into the potential utility of infrared iris imaging, it was surveyed for unique image patterns. Then, a selection of photographs was compiled that would illustrate the spectrum of this imaging experience.

Intraocular pressure measurements following Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty.

Purpose: The effect of increased corneal thickness after Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement has not been previously studied. It is uncertain if this increase in corneal thickness would artificially elevate IOP reading by Goldmann tonometry [GAT] (Haag-Streit, Konig, Switzerland). Therefore the effect of DSEK-related thick cornea on IOP measurement was investigated using three different techniques.

Refill rates and budget impact of glaucoma lipid therapy: a retrospective database analysis.

Background And Objective: Drugs in the lipid class of glaucoma medications, including bimatoprost, travoprost and latanoprost, are effective at lowering intraocular pressure. In addition to clinical efficacy, the budget impact of long-term therapy with each medication is important for patients, physicians and managed-care decision makers to differentiate between the products and make informed decisions regarding the choice of therapy. This study aimed to determine the average number of days between refills for latanoprost, travoprost and bimatoprost, and to estimate the potential effect of differences in refill rates on pharmacy budgets.

Driving performance in patients with mild to moderate glaucomatous clinical vision changes.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between clinical measures of visual function and driving-related skills in patients with glaucoma who had good visual acuity in at least one eye and mild to moderate visual field loss.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with glaucoma and twenty-nine age-equivalent normally sighted control subjects were included in the study. We tested each patient on an interactive driving simulator and collected vision data, including Lighthouse visual acuity, Goldmann and Humphrey visual fields, and Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity.

Efficiency of instillation methods for prostaglandin medications.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the most efficient methods for instillation of prostaglandin analogs.

Methods: Drops were dispensed at room temperature from 2.5-mL bottles of bimatoprost, travoprost, and latanoprost.

Treating chronic noninfectious posterior segment uveitis: the impact of cumulative damage. Proceedings of an expert panel roundtable discussion.

Chronic noninfectious posterior segment uveitis refers to inflammation of the retina, choroid, vitreous, or optic nerve, and may result in permanent vision loss. The inflammation can be constant, or characterized by periodic exacerbations on an underlying baseline of inflammation. Recent studies indicate that this vision loss often results from cumulative damage over multiple recurrences of inflammation, rather than from a single initiating event.