Single Vesicle Surface Protein Profiling and Machine Learning-Based Dual Image Analysis for Breast Cancer Detection.

Single-vesicle molecular profiling of cancer-associated extracellular vesicles (EVs) is increasingly being recognized as a powerful tool for cancer detection and monitoring. Mask and target dual imaging is a facile method to quantify the fraction of the molecularly targeted population of EVs in biofluids at the single-vesicle level. However, accurate and efficient dual imaging vesicle analysis has been challenging due to the interference of false signals on the mask images and the need to analyze a large number of images in clinical samples.

Plasma γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Concentrations in Lactating Holstein Cows during Thermoneutral and Heat Stress Conditions and Their Relationships with Circulating Glucose, Insulin and Progesterone Levels.

Heat-stressed lactating dairy cattle exhibit unique metabolic symptoms, many of which are undoubtedly involved in heat-induced subfertility. Because of its known systemic effects, we hypothesized that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) participates in the regulation of insulin and progesterone during heat stress. Multiparous lactating Holstein cows (n = 6) were studied during four experimental periods: (1) thermoneutral (TN; d 1-5), (2) TN + hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp (d 6-10), (3) heat stress (HS; d 16-20), and (4) HS + euglycemic clamp (d 21-25).

Genome sequences of cluster GA phages Phonegingi and Dropshot.

Bacteriophages Phonegingi and Dropshot were isolated from soil in North Carolina using the host . Both phages have siphovirus morphologies. Based on gene content similarity to one another and to other actinobacteriophages, both phages are assigned to phage cluster GA.

Rotationally Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy of Supersonic Jet-Cooled Isoprene.

The high-resolution infrared spectrum of isoprene has been observed under supersonic jet-cooled conditions in the region of the ν vibrational band near 992 cm. The spectrum was assigned and fit using a standard asymmetric top Hamiltonian, and an acceptable fit was obtained for transitions to excited state energy levels with ≤ 6, with an error in the fit of 0.002 cm.

Psoriasis Patients Treated With Methotrexate Have an Increased Risk of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Both psoriasis and methotrexate are associated with an increased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer. The effect of methotrexate on the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer in patients with psoriasis is currently unknown. To evaluate this relationship, a systematic review of the literature was conducted using databases including Ovid Medline (from 1946), Scopus (from 1970), and Embase (from 1974) through June 2019.

Reproductive and lactational responses of multiparous dairy cattle to short-term postpartum chromium supplementation during the summer months.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential benefits of short-duration, high-dose chromium (Cr) supplementation in early postpartum dairy cows during the summer months. Multiparous, early-lactation cows (20.95 ± 0.

Short-term consumption of the mycotoxin zearalenone by pubertal gilts causes persistent changes in the histoarchitecture of reproductive tissues.

Consumption of zearalenone (ZEN) detrimentally affects tissues and systems throughout the body, and these deleterious effects are especially pronounced in swine. The objectives of this project were to determine the effects of short-term consumption of ZEN (at concentrations that could be found on-farm) on growth, carcass weight, liver weight, and reproductive tissues of pubertal gilts, and to determine if the effects are transient or persistent. Cross-bred gilts (107.

Heat Stress Increases Mammary Epithelial Cells and Reduces Viable Immune Cells in Milk of Dairy Cows.

Somatic cells normally found in milk are generally either immune cells such as lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes, or mammary epithelial cells. The number and composition of somatic cells in milk can be influenced by a variety of factors, including infection and temperature-humidity index. The objective of this study was to determine the specific effects of heat stress on the cellular composition of the somatic cell population in milk.

Incisional Biopsy Technique Is Associated With Decreased Overall Survival for Cutaneous Melanoma.

Background: Previous studies examining melanoma biopsy technique have not demonstrated an effect on overall survival.

Objective: To examine overall survival of patients with cutaneous melanoma diagnosed by shave, punch, incisional, or excisional techniques from the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Materials And Methods: Melanoma data from the 2004 to 2016 NCDB data set were analyzed.

In-Transit Metastasis of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Lymphovascular Invasion in an Immunocompetent Patient.

In-transit metastases of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers are metastases located in the skin or subcutaneous tissue between the primary tumor and the nearest nodal basin. Although rare, in-transit cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an emerging diagnosis in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients that may have significant implications on treatment and prognosis. Lymphovascular invasion is an uncommon high-risk feature of SCC.

Efficacy of nonexcisional treatment modalities for superficially invasive and in situ squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCIS) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are prevalent conditions that are increasing in incidence worldwide. Many nonexcisional treatments are commonly used, but the efficacy of these treatments has not been well delineated.

Objectives: To examine the recurrence rates of SCCIS and SCC treated with nonexcisional treatment modalities.

Impact of Repeated Exposure and Cleaning on Protective Properties of Structural Firefighting Turnout Gear.

The US fire service has become acutely aware of the need to clean PPE after fires. However, there is concern that damage from repeated cleaning may impact critical protection from fireground risk. Using a protocol that included repeated simulated fireground exposures (between 0 and 40 cycles) and/or repeated cleaning with techniques common in the fire service, we found that several important protective properties of NFPA 1971 compliant turnout gear are significantly changed.

Quantification of zearalenone and α-zearalenol in swine liver and reproductive tissues using GC-MS.

The mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN) is a common contaminant of swine feed which has been related to a wide range of reproductive anomalies in swine, such as pelvic organ prolapse, anestrous, and pseudopregnancy. New information is needed to understand how ZEN and related metabolites accumulate in swine reproductive tissues. We conducted a feeding study to track ZEN and the metabolite α-zearalenol (α-ZEL) in swine liver and reproductive tissues.

Effects of short-term moderate ZEN consumption on uterosacral ligament elasticity in pubertal gilts.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a potent estrogenic toxin in swine, contributing to economic losses in herds via reproductive consequences such as pelvic organ prolapse (POP). To better understand the relationship between ZEN-consumption and reproductive symptoms, an animal feeding study with pubertal gilts was designed. The gilts were exposed to three different treatments: solvent-only feed for 21 days (n = 10), ZEN-spiked feed for 7 days followed by solvent-only feed for 14 days (n = 10), and ZEN-spiked feed for 21 days (n = 10).

Alemtuzumab is an effective third-line treatment versus single-agent gemcitabine or pralatrexate for refractory Sézary syndrome: a systematic review.

The efficacy of alemtuzumab for the treatment of refractory Sézary syndrome (SS) versus other third-line agents such as pralatrexate and gemcitabine is poorly characterized. To elucidate the effectiveness of alemtuzumab versus other third-line options for the treatment of refractory SS, we conducted a meta-analysis of existing data. A systematic review was performed in March 2017 based on a search using Ovid-MEDLINE and OVID-EMBASE for articles evaluating single-agent alemtuzumab, gemcitabine, or pralatrexate for the treatment of SS and mycosis fungoides (MF).

Plasma Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Levels in Patients With Keloids and/or Hypertension.

Introduction: Keloidal scarring is associated with hypertension and its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in both hypertensive and fibrotic conditions suggests ACE may be a common mechanism for the pathogenesis of both hypertension and keloids.

Objective: This paper aims to investigate the possible underlying role of ACE in keloid pathogenesis.

Self-limiting Ibrutinib-Induced Neutrophilic Panniculitis.

Neutrophilic panniculitis is a relatively rare condition, characterized by predominantly neutrophilic inflammation in the subcutaneous fat. Rarely, neutrophilic panniculitis may be induced by chemotherapeutics or targeted molecular therapies, including the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib. Previously reported cases of ibrutinib-induced panniculitis were suppressed with sustained low-dose steroid therapy while continuing ibrutinib therapy.

Salts affect the interaction of ZnO or CuO nanoparticles with wheat.

Exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) that release metals with potential phytotoxicity could pose problems in agriculture. The authors of the present study used growth in a model growth matrix, sand, to examine the influence of 5 mmol/kg of Na, K, or Ca (added as Cl salts) and root exudates on transformation and changes to the bioactivity of copper(II) oxide (CuO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs on wheat. These salt levels are found in saline agricultural soils.

ZnO nanoparticles and root colonization by a beneficial pseudomonad influence essential metal responses in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).

Nanoparticles (NPs) incorporated into commercial products are reactive on plants. Here, the influence of a root-associated bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 (PcO6) on the responses of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to commercial ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) was examined. ZnO NPs (250-1000 mg Zn/kg) significantly (p = 0.

Rotationally-resolved spectroscopy of the donor bending mode of (D2O)2.

High-resolution spectra of the intramolecular bending modes of deuterated water dimer, (D2O)2, have been measured using a quantum cascade laser based cavity ringdown spectrometer. Two perpendicular bands have been observed and are assigned as the K(a) = 1 ← 0 and K(a) = 2 ← 1 bands of the bending mode of the hydrogen bond donor. The tunneling splittings in the complex are well-resolved, and it is found that excitation of the donor bend has little effect on tunneling of the hydrogen bond acceptor, but causes significant perturbations on the tunneling motion which exchanges the roles of hydrogen bond donor and acceptor.

A quantum cascade laser cw cavity ringdown spectrometer coupled to a supersonic expansion source.

A new instrument has been constructed that couples a supersonic expansion source to a continuous wave cavity ringdown spectrometer using a Fabry-Perot quantum cascade laser (QCL). The purpose of the instrument is to enable the acquisition of a cold, rotationally resolved gas phase spectrum of buckminsterfullerene (C(60)). As a first test of the system, high resolution spectra of the nu(8) vibrational band of CH(2)Br(2) have been acquired at approximately 1197 cm(-1).