The Aging Parotid Gland: A Longitudinal Volumetric Study and Implications for Treatment.

Background: The parotid gland accounts for significant soft tissue volume in the face and is therefore of central relevance to facial and neck rejuvenation.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine how parotid gland volume is predicted by age and other factors.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study of patients with multiple computed tomography (CT) scans of the neck performed at least 7 years apart.

Sequencing of Sclerosing Microcystic Adenocarcinoma Identifies Mutational Burden and Somatic Variants Associated With Tumorigenesis.

Background/aim: Sclerosing microcystic adenocarcinoma (SMA) is a rare oral cavity neoplasia, histologically resembling microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) of the skin. Only nine SMA cases have been reported in the literature, frequently in the context of immunosuppression; SMA has not been recognized in the most recent WHO tumor classification. We sought to identify potential molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis in a case of SMA relative to those known for MAC.

The Submandibular Gland and The Aging Neck: A Longitudinal Volumetric Study.

Introduction: The true effect of aging and other patient factors on submandibular gland (SMG) volume is unclear. We sought to evaluate the effects of age, body mass index (BMI), sex and race on SMG volume using computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study of adult subjects with multiple CT images of the neck at least 7 years apart.

Facial Fat Fitness: A New Paradigm to Understand Facial Aging and Aesthetics.

Traditionally, facial adipose tissue has been perceived and treated as a homogenous volume-occupying subcutaneous depot. However, recent research from across disciplines is converging to reveal a far more anatomically organized and functionally dynamic role of facial adipose tissue. In this narrative review, we will discuss new insights into adipocyte function and facial adipose anatomy that have far-reaching implications for the practice of aesthetic facial plastic surgery.

From the Deep-Plane Rhytidectomy to the Vertical Platysma Advancement.

This article provides the facial plastic surgeon with anatomic and embryologic evidence supporting use of the deep-plane technique and understanding the evolution of the technique over decades to the vertical platysma advancement for optimal treatment of facial aging. The original description of the deep-plane rhytidectomy described a basic subsuperficial musculoaponeurotic system dissection in the midface. This plane of dissection provides access to deeper anatomic structures.

Cochlear Implant Mapping Through Telemedicine-A Feasibility Study.

Objective: Access to postoperative aural rehabilitation limits cochlear implant (CI) penetration to the candidate population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of remote CI programming and aural rehabilitation via telehealth.

Study Design And Setting: Retrospective study of one cochlear implant center.

Variations in the management of acute Bell's palsy.

Objective: To identify presiding practices among neurotologists (ORL) in the care of acute Bell's palsy, and to compare them to neurologists' treatment patterns.

Study Design And Methods: Cross-sectional survey study.

Subjects: Neurotologists and neurologists.

Neck Deformities in Plastic Surgery.

This article provides facial plastic surgeons with the insight to avoid and address common pitfalls in neck procedures. Many aesthetic issues are created from overtreatment or undertreatment of components of the neck. Using the platysma muscle as the divide, ease of access to superficial anatomy leads to overtreatment problems, whereas difficulty of access to deeper structures leads to undertreatment problems and to overall imbalances.

Effects of Vocal Training on Students' Voices in a Professional Drama School.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vocal training on acoustic and aerodynamic characteristics of student actors' voices.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary medical facility speech and swallow center.

Deep Cheek Fat Volumes and Midfacial Aging.

Background: Midfacial volumizing procedures are increasingly common in facial rejuvenation. However, the changes that occur in midfacial fat with aging are poorly understood.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine how deep cheek fat volume is predicted by age.

Biliary tumorigenic effect on hypopharyngeal cells is significantly enhanced by pH reduction.

Biliary reflux has been considered a potential risk factor in upper aerodigestive tract malignancies. It is not yet clearly known how pH affects the bile-induced activation of NF-κB and its related oncogenic pathway previously linked to hypopharyngeal carcinogenesis. In this study, repetitive applications of conjugated primary bile acids with unconjugated secondary bile acid, deoxycholic acid (DCA), on human hypopharyngeal primary cells reveal that strongly acidic pH (4.

Long-term Patterns of Age-Related Facial Bone Loss in Black Individuals.

Importance: Facial skeletal changes that occur with aging have critical importance to the aesthetics of the aging face and the field of facial rejuvenation. Patterns of bony change may differ based on race, but existing research is limited primarily to white or unspecified racial populations.

Objective: To longitudinally document patterns of facial skeletal change among black individuals.

Patterns of Superficial Midfacial Fat Volume Distribution Differ by Age and Body Mass Index.

Background: The changes that occur to midfacial fat with increasing age and BMI are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine how superficial cheek fat volume and distribution are differentially predicted by changes in BMI versus age.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients with facial computed tomography scans.

Impact of warm ischemia on phosphorylated biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To quantitatively and visually characterize changes in phosphorylated biomarker expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma specimens from excision through 90 minutes of warm ischemia.

Materials And Methods: Tissue biospecimens were procured prospectively. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma specimens from 5 patients were subdivided into three parts upon excision, exposed to warm ischemia of 15, 30, or 90 minutes, and routinely biobanked.