Clitoroplasty in the correction of clitoral hypertrophy: description of a technique that spares neurovascular structures.

Clitoral hypertrophy is a condition that has a negative impact on a womans intimate life and can cause embarrassment and impact on her sexual life. The article describes a surgical technique of clitoroplasty performed with a 360° circumferential subcoronal incision only in the skin and Dartos tunica to avoid neuronal damage, followed by degloving to the base of the clitoris, preserving the dorsal neurovascular bundle. The body of the clitoris was amputated, preserving 0.

Nuclear and cytosolic fractions of SOX2 synergize as transcriptional and translational co-regulators of cell fate.

Stemness and pluripotency are mediated by transcriptional master regulators that promote self-renewal and repress cell differentiation, among which is the high-mobility group (HMG) box transcription factor SOX2. Dysregulated SOX2 expression, by contrast, leads to transcriptional aberrations relevant to oncogenic transformation, cancer progression, metastasis, therapy resistance, and relapse. Here, we report a post-transcriptional mechanism by which the cytosolic pool of SOX2 contributes to these events in an unsuspected manner.

Epidemiological description of Marburg virus disease outbreak in Kagera region, Northwestern Tanzania.

Introduction: In March 2023, a Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) outbreak was declared in Kagera region, Northwestern Tanzania. This was the first MVD outbreak in the country. We describe the epidemiological characteristics of MVD cases and contacts.

Protocol for quantifying drug sensitivity in 3D patient-derived ovarian cancer models.

Three-dimensional (3D) ex vivo cultures allow the study of cancer progression and drug resistance mechanisms. Here, we present a protocol for measuring on-target drug sensitivity in a scaffold-free 3D culture system through quantification of apoptotic tumor cells. We provide detailed steps for sample processing, immunofluorescence staining, semi-high-throughput confocal imaging, and imaged-based quantification of 3D cultures.

Chemotherapy Drives Tertiary Lymphoid Structures That Correlate with ICI-Responsive TCF1+CD8+ T Cells in Metastatic Ovarian Cancer.

Purpose: Patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) are virtually insensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) employed as standalone therapeutics, at least in part reflecting microenvironmental immunosuppression. Thus, conventional chemotherapeutics and targeted anticancer agents that not only mediate cytotoxic effects but also promote the recruitment of immune effector cells to the HGSOC microenvironment stand out as promising combinatorial partners for ICIs in this oncological indication.

Experimental Design: We harnessed a variety of transcriptomic, spatial, and functional assays to characterize the differential impact of neoadjuvant paclitaxel-carboplatin on the immunological configuration of paired primary and metastatic HGSOC biopsies as compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT)-naïve HGSOC samples from five independent patient cohorts.

System-wide analysis of groundnut's salinity resilience: Integrating plant-cell interactions with environmental stress dynamics through cutting-edge transcriptomics.

Salinity stress is a major concern in regions where irrigation relies on saline water. This study aimed to investigate the relative water content (RWC), electrolytic leakage (EL), total chlorophyll content, free amino acid content, and total soluble sugar content were analyzed in different groundnut species subjected to various salinity treatments. The results showed that salinity stress significantly reduced the RWC in groundnut leaves, with A.

Probabilistic pathway-based multimodal factor analysis.

Motivation: Multimodal profiling strategies promise to produce more informative insights into biomedical cohorts via the integration of the information each modality contributes. To perform this integration, however, the development of novel analytical strategies is needed. Multimodal profiling strategies often come at the expense of lower sample numbers, which can challenge methods to uncover shared signals across a cohort.

Infection prevention and control of highly infectious pathogens in resource-limited countries: an experience from Marburg viral disease outbreak in Kagera Region - Tanzania.

Marburg viral disease (MVD) is a highly infectious disease with a case fatality rate of up to 90%, particularly impacting resource-limited countries where implementing Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) measures is challenging. This paper shares the experience of how Tanzania has improved its capacity to prevent and control highly infectious diseases, and how this capacity was utilized during the outbreak of the MVD disease that occurred for the first time in the country in 2023.In 2016 and the subsequent years, Tanzania conducted self and external assessments that revealed limited IPC capacity in responding to highly infectious diseases.

Genomic insights into CKX genes: key players in cotton fibre development and abiotic stress responses.

Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX), responsible for irreversible cytokinin degradation, also controls plant growth and development and response to abiotic stress. While the gene has been studied in other plants extensively, its function in cotton is still unknown. Therefore, a genome-wide study to identify the gene family in the four cotton species was conducted using transcriptomics, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and bioinformatics.

Decoding drought resilience: a comprehensive exploration of the cotton Eceriferum (CER) gene family and its role in stress adaptation.

Background: The cuticular wax serves as a primary barrier that protects plants from environmental stresses. The Eceriferum (CER) gene family is associated with wax production and stress resistance.

Results: In a genome-wide identification study, a total of 52 members of the CER family were discovered in four Gossypium species: G.

Diagnosing and staging epithelial ovarian cancer by serum glycoproteomic profiling.

Background: There is a need for diagnostic tests for screening, triaging and staging of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Glycoproteomics of blood samples has shown promise for biomarker discovery.

Methods: We applied glycoproteomics to serum of people with EOC or benign pelvic masses and healthy controls.

Tertiary lymphoid structures and B cells determine clinically relevant T cell phenotypes in ovarian cancer.

Intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) have been associated with improved outcome in various cohorts of patients with cancer, reflecting their contribution to the development of tumor-targeting immunity. Here, we demonstrate that high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) contains distinct immune aggregates with varying degrees of organization and maturation. Specifically, mature TLSs (mTLS) as forming only in 16% of HGSOCs with relatively elevated tumor mutational burden (TMB) are associated with an increased intratumoral density of CD8 effector T (T) cells and TIM3PD1, hence poorly immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-sensitive, CD8 T cells.

De novo detection of somatic variants in high-quality long-read single-cell RNA sequencing data.

In cancer, genetic and transcriptomic variations generate clonal heterogeneity, leading to treatment resistance. Long-read single-cell RNA sequencing (LR scRNA-seq) has the potential to detect genetic and transcriptomic variations simultaneously. Here, we present LongSom, a computational workflow leveraging high-quality LR scRNA-seq data to call somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), including in mitochondria (mtSNVs), copy-number alterations (CNAs), and gene fusions, to reconstruct the tumor clonal heterogeneity.

Fungal community composition predicts forest carbon storage at a continental scale.

Forest soils harbor hyper-diverse microbial communities which fundamentally regulate carbon and nutrient cycling across the globe. Directly testing hypotheses on how microbiome diversity is linked to forest carbon storage has been difficult, due to a lack of paired data on microbiome diversity and in situ observations of forest carbon accumulation and storage. Here, we investigated the relationship between soil microbiomes and forest carbon across 238 forest inventory plots spanning 15 European countries.

Superior orbital fissure narrowing and tumor-associated pain in spheno-orbital meningiomas.

Introduction: Spheno-orbital meningiomas (SOMs) represent a distinct subtype of meningioma characterized by their unique multi-compartmental invasion pattern. Previous studies have investigated correlations between SOMs and visual manifestations. However, our comprehension of pain associated with SOMs remains limited.

Detection of isoforms and genomic alterations by high-throughput full-length single-cell RNA sequencing in ovarian cancer.

Understanding the complex background of cancer requires genotype-phenotype information in single-cell resolution. Here, we perform long-read single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on clinical samples from three ovarian cancer patients presenting with omental metastasis and increase the PacBio sequencing depth to 12,000 reads per cell. Our approach captures 152,000 isoforms, of which over 52,000 were not previously reported.

Volumetric Analysis of Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas: Prognostic Correlation and a Compartmentalized Approach.

Background And Objectives: Spheno-orbital meningiomas arise from the arachnoid villi cap cells at the sphenoid ridge and have the ability to spread through soft tissue extension and cranial bone invasion. Owing to their orbital hyperostosis and intraorbital soft tissue extension, they commonly present with ophthalmologic manifestations. This study aims to investigate the correlation between tumor volume with the presenting symptoms and postoperative outcomes.

Fluoroscopy-guided fine-needle aspiration of deep-seated pulmonary masses in dogs and cats appears safe and accurate.

Objective: Deep-seated pulmonary lesions can be difficult to sample safely. The objective of this study was to determine the relative safety and accuracy of fluoroscopy-guided fine-needle aspiration of deep-seated pulmonary lesions regardless of their size and depth.

Animals: Client-owned animals; 5 dogs and 5 cats.

Metabolic profiles of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in response to Puccinia arachidis fungal infection.

Background Puccinia arachidis fungus causes rust disease in the peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea L.), which leads to high yield loss. Metabolomic profiling of Arachis hypogaea was performed to identify the pathogen-induced production of metabolites involved in the defense mechanism of peanut plants.

Dynamic roles of small RNAs and DNA methylation associated with heterosis in allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Background: Heterosis is a complex phenomenon wherein the hybrids outperform their parents. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism by which hybridization leads to higher yields in allopolyploid cotton is critical for effective breeding programs. Here, we integrated DNA methylation, transcriptomes, and small RNA profiles to comprehend the genetic and molecular basis of heterosis in allopolyploid cotton at three developmental stages.

Diabetic Gastroparesis and its Emerging Therapeutic Options: A Narrative Review of the Literature.

Diabetic gastroparesis (DG) is one of the many complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Even though this condition surfaces years after uncontrolled disease, it affects the quality of life in several ways and causes significant morbidity. Common symptoms experienced by the patients include postprandial nausea, vomiting, abdominal fullness, and pain.