Soil-transmitted helminthiasis among adolescents in Anaocha Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria: Insights and recommendations for effective control.

Over the past decade, Anambra State, Nigeria, has implemented mass administration of medicines (MAMs) to combat soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH), a significant public health challenge in low-income regions. Nevertheless, these efforts have predominantly focused on pre-school and school-aged children, leaving a notable gap in understanding STH infection rates and the efficacy of these campaigns among secondary school adolescents, who have been excluded from this initiative. Our study aimed to address this critical knowledge gap by assessing soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) prevalence and contextual factors hindering effective control among adolescents in Anambra State, Nigeria.

Graduate nurses caring for people living with dementia: A scoping review.

Background: Adequate dementia care knowledge of graduate nurses is essential for the wellbeing of both people living with dementia as well as the graduate nurses caring for them. Little is known about the dementia care knowledge, experience or confidence of graduate nurses caring for people living with dementia. This paper aims to review the available literature on graduate nurses caring for people living with dementia.

Nurse-surgeons in the Australian public health system: A descriptive quantitative survey.

Background: With over five billion people worldwide lacking access to surgery, innovative solutions are vital to address the global surgical crisis. Nurse-surgeons present a promising innovation. Considering their contribution worldwide and impact on surgical care in Australia, an exploration of these advanced practice nurses is timely.

A Retrospective Analysis of Intestinal Helminthic Infestations at a Tertiary Care Center in South India.

A parasitic worm is commonly referred to as a helminth. There are two types of helminths: Nematoda, or roundworms, and Platyhelminthes, or flatworms (flukes and tapeworms). While some are very huge, measuring more than one meter in length, many are rather large.

Cystic Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis Caused by Cladophialophora Species in an Elderly Leprosy Patient.

Phaeoid (dematiaceous) fungi are a diverse group of species characterized by their production of the pigment dihydroxynaphthalene melanin. Although phaeoid fungi do not usually cause human infections, they are commonly found in nature as contaminants. These fungi are present in decomposing vegetation, rotting timber, and soil.

Phenotype in Individuals with Heterozygous Rare Variants in Encoding Hepatic Lipase.

Hepatic lipase deficiency is a rare genetic condition caused by biallelic loss-of-function variants in the gene encoding hepatic lipase. These variants reduce or abolish the protein's lipolytic activity, resulting in elevated plasma lipids. The condition is classified as autosomal recessive, since dyslipidemia is inconsistently observed in heterozygous patients with only one variant.

Multi-strain modeling of influenza vaccine effectiveness in older adults and its dependence on antigenic distance.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) varies seasonally due to host, virus and vaccine characteristics. To investigate how antigenic matching and dosage impact VE, we developed a mechanistic knowledge-based mathematical model. Immunization with a split vaccine is modeled for exposure to A/H1N1 or A/H3N2 virus strains.

A three-step method for preparing cryopreserved samples of apheresis products for post-thaw analysis yields a high recovery of viable cells.

Background: Flow cytometry protocols for counting fresh CD34+ cell samples are not ideal for cryopreserved products due to cryoprotectant cytotoxicity. For cryopreserved samples, often large volumes of hypotonic solutions, which can cause cell death, are used to remove the cryoprotectant with a post-thaw wash. We recently developed a novel multistep dilution method with subsequent flow cytometry analysis to allow for accurate and reproducible results.

The experience of sessional teaching staff in pre-registration nurse education programs: A systematic review.

Objectives: To uncover current international evidence of the working experience of sessional teaching staff in pre-registration nurse education programs.

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: In April 2023, electronic databases of Web of Science, Education Source, American Psychological Association (APA) PsycInfo®, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus and Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) were searched with no time limit for publication.

Preparing Graduate Registered Nurses for Independence in Aged Care.

Background: Graduate registered nurses (RNs) start their careers working in a variety of clinical areas including aged care. However, they may not be fully prepared to work in aged care settings that often require them to work independently as the only RN on the premises. A list of essential clinical skills is crucial for supporting the development and effective transition of graduate nurses into aged care.

Reduced lipoprotein (a) in patients with severe hypertriglyceridaemia.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between plasma lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) and lipid profiles in patients with severe hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG).

Methods: This case-control study undertook a retrospective chart review of patients from the Lipid Genetics Clinic at London Health Sciences Centre in Ontario, Canada. Plasma Lp(a) was compared between patients with severe HTG and healthy normolipidaemic control subjects.

A systematic review of physical activity and nutritional interventions for the management of normal weight and overweight obesity.

Aims: Normal Weight Obesity (NWO) and Overweight Obesity (OWO) are prevalent conditions, yet knowledge of management is limited. This review aims to assess the effectiveness of physical activity and nutritional interventions in the management of NWO and OWO (together defined as BMI <30 kg/m with raised body fat).

Data Synthesis: Clinical trials including any physical activity or nutritional interventions, published between 2012 and 2022, evaluating body fat change were selected.

Internationally qualified nurses' perspectives on transitioning specialty skills within Australia: A content analysis.

Aim: To explore internationally qualified nurses' perceptions regarding the facilitators and barriers to specialty skill transfer in Australia.

Design: The study utilised a descriptive research design with a cross-sectional survey. Data were collected from July to September 2022.

Machine learning modeling of patient health signals informs long-term survival on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

System-level patient health signals, as captured by treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), might contain correlates of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy response. Using all TEAEs and a novel machine learning modeling approach, we derived a composite signature predictive of, and potentially specific to, the response to the anti-PD-L1 ICI durvalumab in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We trained on data from the durvalumab arm and chemotherapy arm in the MYSTIC clinical trial and tested on data from four independent durvalumab-containing NSCLC trials using only the first 60 days' TEAEs.

Lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccines: a new frontier in precision oncology.

The delivery of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based mRNA therapeutics has captured the attention of the vaccine research community as an innovative and versatile tool for treating a variety of human malignancies. mRNA vaccines are now in the limelight as an alternative to conventional vaccines owing to their high precision, low-cost, rapid manufacture, and superior safety profile. Multiple mRNA vaccine platforms have been developed to target several types of cancer, and many have demonstrated encouraging results in animal models and human trials.

Integrating knowledge graphs into machine learning models for survival prediction and biomarker discovery in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Accurate survival prediction for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients remains a significant challenge for the scientific and clinical community despite decades of advanced analytics. Addressing this challenge not only helps inform the critical aspects of clinical study design and biomarker discovery but also ensures that the 'right patient' receives the 'right treatment'. However, survival prediction is a highly complex task, given the large number of 'omics; and clinical features, as well as the high degree of freedom that drive patient survival.

Transfer of internationally qualified nurses' specialty skills to developed countries after immigration: A multicentre policy review.

Background: Internationally qualified nurses are highly sought after as a labour source due to continued shortages in the nursing profession in most developed countries. However, the lack of clear policies and procedures for nurses in the host country to use specialty nursing skills can result in the underutilisation of their expertise.

Objectives: To review the registration processes of internationally qualified nurses in 20 developed countries, with a focus on the transferability of specialised skills gained overseas.

Shell temperature: How shall we tell if a still gosling is under the eggshell?

The present investigation was aimed at predicting a still (i.e., dead) vs.

Body Composition in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immunotherapy.

Importance: The association between body composition (BC) and cancer outcomes is complex and incompletely understood. Previous research in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been limited to small, single-institution studies and yielded promising, albeit heterogeneous, results.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of BC with oncologic outcomes in patients receiving immunotherapy for advanced or metastatic NSCLC.

Discovery of the Clinical Candidate IDOR-1117-2520: A Potent and Selective Antagonist of CCR6 for Autoimmune Diseases.

Migration of immune cells to sites of inflammation is a critical step in the body's response to infections but also during autoimmune flares. Chemokine receptors, members of the GPCR receptors, are instrumental in directing specific cell types to their target organs. Herein, we describe a highly potent small molecule antagonist of the chemokine receptor CCR6, which came out of fine-tuned structural elaborations from a proprietary HTS hit.

A 3-step method for preparing cryopreserved samples of apheresis products for post-thaw analysis yields a higher percentage of viable cells.

Background: Standard flow cytometry protocols for CD34+ cell enumeration designed for fresh samples are not appropriate for cryopreserved products. Special protocols have been developed to remove the cryoprotectant by quickly washing a freshly thawed sample. Exposing cells to a large volume of hypotonic solution and subsequent washing process was hypothesized to cause lab-induced cell death.

How Low Back Pain is Managed-A Mixed-Methods Study in 32 Countries. Part 2 of Low Back Pain in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Series.

The Lancet Low Back Pain (LBP) Series highlighted the lack of LBP data from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The study aimed to describe (1) LBP care is currently delivered in LMICs and (2) that care is delivered. An online mixed-methods study.

Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: A Five-Year Descriptive Study From South India.

Objective: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in children results in significant neurocognitive deficits or mortality. It is pertinent to study the AES patterns periodically to identify the changes in the etiological trends and outcomes. Our objective was to find the etiological agents of AES, mode of diagnosis, treatment given, and outcomes.