Publications by authors named "Jacob Crook"
Background: In the United States, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) affects about one-third of individuals with type 2 diabetes, causing significant economic burdens on the health care system and affecting patients' quality of life.
Objective: The aim of the study was to quantify the burden of care in patients at different stages of DKD and to monitor shifts in healthcare costs throughout these stages.
Methods: This study used data from the Veterans Affairs National database, focusing on US veterans diagnosed with DKD between January 2016 and March 2022.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 among healthcare personnel. Secondary objectives were to assess representativeness of recruited participants and the effectiveness of a multiple-contact protocol for recruiting healthcare personnel in this COVID-19 study.
Design: Survey study, conducted as part of an observational test-negative study of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness.
Rationale: With a large number of patients and high mortality, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) imposes a significant burden on US health care. Although diabetes is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and complications, the epidemiology of DKD in the contemporary US veteran population is generally unknown.
Objective: We aimed to estimate the rate of DKD progression and to measure the general epidemiology of DKD in the United States veteran population.
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed the association between Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina severity classification and outcomes like mortality and healthcare use in US veterans with stable angina from 2006 to 2013.
- A total of 14,216 veterans, primarily older white males, had their CCS classifications extracted using natural language processing, showing varying mortality rates across CCS classes I to IV over a median follow-up of 3.4 years.
- Veterans classified in higher CCS classes (III and IV) had significantly higher rates of all-cause mortality and healthcare utilization compared to those in CCS class I, indicating the importance of CCS classification in predicting patient outcomes.
Real-world outcomes in patients with chronic stable angina treated with ranolazine and other antianginal medications as second- or third-line therapy are limited. In a historical cohort study of veterans with chronic stable angina, we compared time with coronary revascularization procedures, hospitalizations, and 1-year healthcare costs between new-users of ranolazine versus conventional antianginals (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), a key component in many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment regimens, is associated with increased renal and bone toxicities. The contributions of such toxicities to treatment costs, as well as the relative differences in treatment costs for various TDF/emtricitabine (FTC) regimens, remains unexplored.
Objective: To estimate and compare mean overall and renal- and bone-specific costs, including total, inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy costs in patients treated with TDF/FTC+efavirenz (EFV) compared with several non-EFV-containing TDF/FTC regimens.
Introduction: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has been associated with greater incidences of bone complications, which might be modified by some concomitantly administered antiretrovirals, possibly by their effect on tenofovir concentrations. We compared bone adverse outcomes among treatment-naïve HIV-infected US veterans initiating efavirenz (EFV)-containing TDF/emtricitabine (FTC) regimens versus those initiating non-EFV-containing TDF/FTC regimens.
Methods: Using national Veterans Health Administration clinical and administrative data sets, we identified a cohort of treatment-naïve HIV-infected veterans without bone disease who initiated therapy with TDF/FTC plus EFV, rilpivirine, elvitegravir/cobicistat, or ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors in 2003-2015.
Background: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has been associated with renal complications. The third agent in TDF-containing antiretroviral regimens may modify that risk. We compared renal adverse outcomes among treatment-naive HIV-infected patients initiating TDF-containing regimens including efavirenz (EFV) or other agents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Patients with HIV infection have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared with uninfected individuals. Antiretroviral therapy with atazanavir (ATV) delays progression of atherosclerosis markers; whether this reduces cardiovascular disease event risk compared with other antiretroviral regimens is currently unknown.
Design: Population-based, noninterventional, historical cohort study conducted from 1 July 2003 through 31 December 2015.
Utah's Controlled Substance Database prescription registry does not include master identifiers to link records for individual patients. We describe and evaluate a linkage protocol for Utah's Controlled Substance Database. Prescriptions (N = 22,401,506) dated 2005-2009 were linked using The Link King software and patient identifiers (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Little is known about the characteristics that may predispose an individual to being at risk for fatal overdose from prescription opioids.
Objective: To identify characteristics related to unintentional prescription opioid overdose deaths in Utah.
Design: Interviews were conducted (October 2008-October 2009) with a relative or friend most knowledgeable about the decedent's life.
Background: Epidemiologists at the Utah Department of Health (UDOH) began to study prescription drug-related harm in 2004. We have analyzed several types of data including vital statistics, medical examiner records, emergency department diagnoses, and the state prescription registry to estimate the scope and correlates of prescription drug-related harm.
Objectives: To describe data sets analyzed in Utah related to the problem of prescription drug-related harm with the goal of designing interventions to reduce the burden of adverse events and death.