Activity levels across the intensity spectrum in athletes: a systematic review protocol.

Physical activity (PA) promotes better cardiometabolic health, physical function, brain health and longevity. In contrast, prolonged sedentary behaviour (SB) is a risk factor for many chronic diseases and poor health. Limited research has evaluated or synthesised how competitive sports participation influences PA across the lifespan.

Prolonged quadriceps latency during gait early after anterior cruciate ligament injury predicts radiographic knee osteoarthritis 6-years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: The purpose was to explore quadriceps electromechanical function (quadriceps latency) during gait after anterior cruciate ligament injury as a predictor for radiographic knee osteoarthritis 6-years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Change in latency after preoperative physical therapy was also examined.

Methods: Quadriceps latency (time between peak knee moment and quadriceps electromyography) was calculated before preoperative physical therapy (2.

Midlife health crisis of former competitive athletes: dissecting their experiences via qualitative study.

Sports participation confers many health benefits yet greatly increases injury risk. Long-term health outcomes in former athletes and transition to life after competitive sports are understudied. Ending a sport may pose physical and psychosocial challenges.

Long-term function, body composition and cardiometabolic health in midlife former athletes: a scoping review.

While sports medicine has traditionally focused on recovering from injury and returning athletes to sport safely after injury, there is a growing interest in the long-term health of athletes. The purpose of this scoping review was to (1) summarise the literature (methodologies and findings) on physical function, body composition and cardiometabolic health in midlife (age 40-65 years) former competitive athletes compared with non-athlete controls, (2) identify areas for future study in long-term health in athletes and (3) determine outcomes that could be evaluated in a future systematic review(s). We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus for studies published between 2000 and 2022 evaluating former athletes and controls on physical function, body composition and/or cardiometabolic measures using MeSH terms.

Using Wearable Technology to Quantify Physical Activity Recovery: Secondary Report From the AFTER (App-Facilitated Tele-Rehabilitation) Program for COVID-19 Survivors Randomized Study.

Background: Knowledge on physical activity recovery after COVID-19 survival is limited. The AFTER (App-Facilitated Tele-Rehabilitation) program for COVID-19 survivors randomized participants, following hospital discharge, to either education and unstructured physical activity or a telerehabilitation program. Step count data were collected as a secondary outcome, and we found no significant differences in total step count trajectories between groups at 6 weeks.

Female Athletes With Better Psychological Readiness Are at Higher Risk for Second ACL Injury After Primary ACL Reconstruction.

Background: Approximately 1 in 4 athletes returning to sports will sustain a second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Psychological factors related to kinesiophobia, confidence, and psychological readiness are associated with second ACL injury; however, the evidence is conflicting.

Hypothesis: Athletes who sustain a second ACL injury (ie, graft rupture or contralateral ACL rupture) within 2 years of ACL reconstruction (ACLR) would have greater kinesiophobia, less confidence, and lower psychological readiness prior to return to sport (RTS) compared with athletes who do not sustain a second ACL injury.

Improved Outcomes Following a Care Guideline Implementation: Part 1 of an Analysis of 12 355 Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty.

To describe the application and examine the influence of a continuous quality improvement intervention, which had a goal of standardizing care to reduce the proportion of patients who do not have a meaningful improvement in patient-reported outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Continuous quality improvement. A physical therapy (PT) care guideline was initiated in 2013 for patients following TKA.

Variation in Outcomes and Number of Visits Following Care Guideline Implementation: Part 2 of an Analysis of 12 355 Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty.

To describe the variation in outcomes and number of visits before and after implementing a care guideline for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) rehabilitation. Nonrandomized intervention study. We compared 2558 patients with TKA who received care that was not standardized (non-care guideline [NCG] group) to 9797 patients with TKA who received care according to the care guideline (CG).

Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft Harvest Prolongs Extensor Latency during Gait 2 yr after ACLR.

Purpose: Bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) graft harvest for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction alters patellar tendon properties, which inflict poor quadriceps neuromuscular function. BPTB autografts are associated with higher rates of posttraumatic osteoarthritis, which in turn is associated with pathological gait. The purpose of this study was to investigate the latency between the time of peak quadriceps activity and the peak knee flexion moment during gait, between those with BPTB grafts ( n = 23) and other graft types (hamstring autograft or allografts, n = 54), 5 ± 2 months and 2 yr (25 ± 3 months) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Safety, feasibility and initial efficacy of an app-facilitated telerehabilitation (AFTER) programme for COVID-19 survivors: a pilot randomised study.

Objectives: Determine the safety, feasibility and initial efficacy of a multicomponent telerehabilitation programme for COVID-19 survivors.

Design: Pilot randomised feasibility study.

Setting: In-home telerehabilitation.

Disparities in the allocation of inpatient physical and occupational therapy services for patients with COVID-19.

Background: Survivors of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) experience significant morbidity with reduced physical function and impairments in activities of daily living. The use of in-hospital rehabilitation therapy may reduce long-term impairments.

Objective: To determine the frequency of therapy referral and treatment amongst hospitalized COVID-19 patients, assess for disparities in referral and receipt of therapy, and identify potentially modifiable factors contributing to disparities in therapy allocation.

Total Knee Arthroplasty Assessments Should Include Strength and Performance-Based Functional Tests to Complement Range-of-Motion and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures.

Range of motion (ROM) and pain often define successful recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but these routine clinical outcomes correlate poorly or not at all to functional capacity after TKA. The purpose of this Perspective is to underscore the importance of muscle strength and performance-based functional tests in addition to knee ROM and patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures to evaluate outcomes after TKA. Specifically: (1) muscle strength is the rate-limiting step for recovery of function after TKA; (2) progressive rehabilitation targeting early quadriceps muscle strengthening improves outcomes and does not compromise ROM after TKA; (3) ROM and PROs fail to fully capture functional limitations after TKA; and (4) performance-based functional tests are critical to evaluate function objectively after TKA.

Prospective telehealth analysis of functional performance, frailty, quality of life, and mental health after COVID-19 hospitalization.

Background: COVID-19 is a global pandemic with poorly understood long-term consequences. Determining the trajectory of recovery following COVID-19 hospitalization is critical for prioritizing care, allocating resources, facilitating prognosis, and informing rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate recovery following COVID-19 hospitalization.

Identifying Gait Pathology after ACL Reconstruction Using Temporal Characteristics of Kinetics and Electromyography.

Purpose: Asymmetrical gait mechanics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are associated with the development of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis. Current measures of gait mechanics have focused heavily on peak magnitudes of knee kinematics, kinetics, and joint contact forces but have seldom considered the rate of knee loading, cumulative knee load, or the timing of motor input surrounding peaks. The purpose of this study was to introduce and describe novel metrics of gait using temporal characteristics of kinetics and EMG to identify neuromuscular deficits of the quadriceps in patients after ACLR.

Knee joint biomechanics during gait improve from 3 to 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Gait alterations after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are commonly reported and have been linked to posttraumatic osteoarthritis development. While knee gait alterations have been studied at several time points after ACLR, little is known about how these biomechanical variables change earlier than 6 months after surgery, nor is much known about how they differ over the entire stance phase of gait. The purpose of this study was to examine knee gait biomechanical variables over their entire movement pattern through stance at both 3 and 6 months after ACLR and to study the progression of interlimb asymmetry between the two postoperative time points.

Association of the Psychological Response to the ACL-SPORTS Training Program and Self-reported Function at 2 Years After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Psychological readiness to return to sport has emerged as an important factor associated with outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Psychological factors are potentially modifiable during the course of rehabilitation, and improving them may lead to better outcomes.

Purpose: To determine whether athletes with a positive psychological response after participation in a neuromuscular training and second injury prevention program had better self-reported function and activity outcomes compared with athletes who did not have a meaningful change.

Knee cartilage T relaxation times 3 months after ACL reconstruction are associated with knee gait variables linked to knee osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis development after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is not well understood. Investigators have examined associations between knee biomechanical alterations and quantitative MRI (qMRI) variables, reflective of cartilage health, 12-60 months following ACLR; however, none have done so early after surgery. As part of an exploratory study, 45 individuals (age, 23 ± 7 years) underwent motion analysis during walking and qMRI 3 months after ACLR.

Patients Walking Faster After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Have More Gait Asymmetry.

Background: Gait asymmetries after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) may lead to radiographic knee osteoarthritis. Slower walking speeds have been associated with biomarkers suggesting cartilage breakdown. The relationship between walking speed and gait symmetry after ACLR is unknown.

Quadriceps Strength Symmetry Does Not Modify Gait Mechanics After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Rehabilitation, and Return-to-Sport Training.

Background: After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR), biomechanical asymmetries during gait are highly prevalent, persistent, and linked to posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis. Quadriceps strength is an important clinical measure associated with preoperative gait asymmetries and postoperative function and is a primary criterion for return-to-sport clearance. Evidence relating symmetry in quadriceps strength with gait biomechanics is limited to preoperative and early rehabilitation time points before return-to-sport training.

FUNCTIONAL MEASURES DO NOT DIFFER IN LATE STAGE REHABILITATION AFTER ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION ACCORDING TO MECHANISM OF INJURY.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are among the most common knee injuries. Mechanism of injury is classified as contact or non-contact. The majority of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures occur through a non-contact mechanism of injury.

Gait mechanics are influenced by quadriceps strength, age, and sex after total knee arthroplasty.

Although most patients are satisfied with outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), many retain preoperative altered gait mechanics. Identifying patient characteristics associated with gait mechanics will improve rehabilitation strategies and enhance our understanding of movement disorders. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify which patient characteristics are related to gait mechanics in the surgical limb during walking post-TKA.

Sex and mechanism of injury influence knee joint loading symmetry during gait 6 months after ACLR.

Early-onset knee osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with gait asymmetries after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Women have higher risks of sustaining non-contact injuries, and are more likely to present with aberrant movement patterns associated with the mechanism of injury (MOI). We hypothesized that sex and MOI would influence gait after ACLR.

A Secondary Injury Prevention Program May Decrease Contralateral Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes: 2-Year Injury Rates in the ACL-SPORTS Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine whether the addition of perturbation training to a secondary injury prevention program reduces the rate of second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury compared to the prevention program alone.

Design: Single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Thirty-nine female athletes who intended to return to cutting/pivoting sports were enrolled 3 to 9 months after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Operative and nonoperative management of anterior cruciate ligament injury: Differences in gait biomechanics at 5 years.

Gait biomechanics after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury are associated with functional outcomes and the development of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis. However, biomechanical outcomes between patients treated nonoperatively compared with operatively are not well understood. The primary purpose of this study was to compare knee joint contact forces, angles, and moments during loading response of gait between individuals treated with operative compared with nonoperative management at 5 years after ACL injury.

Athletes With Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Were Slower to Meet Rehabilitation Milestones and Return-to-Sport Criteria Than Athletes With Hamstring Tendon Autograft or Soft Tissue Allograft : Secondary Analysis From the ACL-SPORTS Trial.

Objective: Graft choices for athletes undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) include bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) and hamstring tendon (HT) autografts and soft tissue allografts. The objective was to assess time to meet clinical milestones by graft type in athletes who completed a return-to-sport (RTS) program after ACLR.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.