Epigenetic and Metabolic Reprogramming of Fibroblasts in Crohn's Disease Strictures Reveals Histone Deacetylases as Therapeutic Targets.

Background And Aims: No effective therapeutic intervention exists for intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease [CD]. We characterized fibroblast subtypes, epigenetic and metabolic changes, and signalling pathways in CD fibrosis to inform future therapeutic strategies.

Methods: We undertook immunohistochemistry, metabolic, signalling pathway and epigenetic [Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing] analyses associated with collagen production in CCD-18Co intestinal fibroblasts and primary fibroblasts isolated from stricturing [SCD] and non-stricturing [NSCD] CD small intestine.

Dyskeratosis Congenita Links Telomere Attrition to Age-Related Systemic Energetics.

The underlying mechanisms of plasma metabolite signatures of human aging and age-related diseases are not clear but telomere attrition and dysfunction are central to both. Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is associated with mutations in the telomerase enzyme complex (TERT, TERC, and DKC1) and progressive telomere attrition. We analyzed the effect of telomere attrition on senescence-associated metabolites in fibroblast-conditioned media and DC patient plasma.

Ion-Pairing Chromatography and Amine Derivatization Provide Complementary Approaches for the Targeted LC-MS Analysis of the Polar Metabolome.

Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry is a key metabolomics/metabonomics technology. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) is very widely used as a separation step, but typically has poor retention of highly polar metabolites. Here, we evaluated the combination of two alternative methods for improving retention of polar metabolites based on 6-aminoquinoloyl--hydroxysuccinidimyl carbamate derivatization for amine groups, and ion-pairing chromatography (IPC) using tributylamine as an ion-pairing agent to retain acids.

Pathway analysis in metabolomics: Recommendations for the use of over-representation analysis.

Over-representation analysis (ORA) is one of the commonest pathway analysis approaches used for the functional interpretation of metabolomics datasets. Despite the widespread use of ORA in metabolomics, the community lacks guidelines detailing its best-practice use. Many factors have a pronounced impact on the results, but to date their effects have received little systematic attention.

Calm on the surface, dynamic on the inside. Molecular homeostasis of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 nitrogen metabolism.

Nitrogen sources are all converted into ammonium/ia as a first step of assimilation. It is reasonable to expect that molecular components involved in the transport of ammonium/ia across biological membranes connect with the regulation of both nitrogen and central metabolism. We applied both genetic (i.

Retrieval of Bard Simon Nitinol inferior vena cava filters: Approaches, technical successes, complications, and clinical outcomes.

Objective: The Simon Nitinol filter is a bi-level filtration device designed for permanent implantation that is no longer commercially available, but may result in similar complications to current commercially available long term indwelling temporary or permanent filters. Complications related to indwelling inferior vena cava filters include inferior vena cava thrombosis, inferior vena cava penetration, filter migration, and filter fracture. There is a paucity of reports describing the technical aspects related to retrieval of Simon Nitinol filters.

Fluoroscopically-guided interventions with radiation doses exceeding 5000 mGy reference point air kerma: a dosimetric analysis of 89,549 interventional radiology, neurointerventional radiology, vascular surgery, and neurosurgery encounters.

Purpose: To quantify and categorize fluoroscopically-guided procedures with radiation doses exceeding 5000 mGy reference point air kerma (K). K > 5000 mGy has been defined as a "significant radiation dose" by the Society of Interventional Radiology. Identification and analysis of interventions with high radiation doses has the potential to reduce radiation-induced injuries.

Thoracic duct embolization in kaposiform lymphangiomatosis.

An 11-year-old girl with kaposiform lymphangiomatosis presented with recurrent chylous pericardial effusions that were refractory to pericardial drainage and medical therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a prominent lymphatic duct with anterior mediastinal extension into the left clavicular region and a region of high signal that was favored to represent a low-flow lymphatic malformation. The patient underwent direct access thoracic duct lymphangiography with thoracic duct embolization and sclerotherapy of the large left-sided neck and pericardial lymphatic malformation.

Percutaneous Extra-Anatomic Lymphovenous Bypass Creation: Toward Treatment of Central Conducting Lymphatic Obstructions.

Introduction: Protein-losing enteropathy manifests as a loss of serum proteins through the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in hypoproteinemia, extravascular fluid retention, and edema. Management consists of nutritional maintenance in conjunction with interventions targeted at treating the underlying etiology.

Materials And Methods: This report describes a patient with protein-losing enteropathy from a central conducting lymphatic obstruction who was treated with percutaneous extra-anatomic lymphovenous bypass creation.

Scholarly Activities and Indices Among Academic Endovascular Specialists: A Comparative Analysis Between Interventional Radiologists and Vascular Surgeons.

Purpose: To report scholarly metrics amongst academic endovascular specialists.

Material And Methods: Faculty pages identified interventional radiologists and vascular surgeons at academic institutions. Members were classified as assistant, associate, or full professors.

Burnout among Interventional Radiologists.

Purpose: To characterize burnout, as defined by high emotional exhaustion (EE) or depersonalization (DP), among interventional radiologists using a validated assessment tool.

Materials And Methods: An anonymous 34-question survey was distributed to interventional radiologists. The survey consisted of demographic and practice environment questions and the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI).

C Labeling of Nematode Worms to Improve Metabolome Coverage by Heteronuclear Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Experiments.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is widely used as a metabolomics tool, and 1D spectroscopy is overwhelmingly the commonest approach. The use of 2D spectroscopy could offer significant advantages in terms of increased spectral dispersion of peaks, but has a number of disadvantages-in particular, heteronuclear 2D spectroscopy is often much less sensitive than 1D NMR. One factor contributing to this low sensitivity in C/H heteronuclear NMR is the low natural abundance of the C stable isotope; as a consequence, where it is possible to label biological material with C, there is a potential enhancement of sensitivity of up to around 90fold.

The occlusion balloon reduction technique for de novo placement and salvage of malpositioned enteric tubes.

Purpose: Nasoenteric, gastrojejunostomy, and jejunostomy tubes are methods of enteral nutrition in patients with functioning gastrointestinal tracts who cannot maintain adequate oral intake. Current placements; however, may be complicated by redundant wire and catheter loops within the stomach preventing operators from optimal feeding tube placement and predisposing patients to feeding tube prolapse. This report describes the occlusion balloon reduction technique for salvage of malpositioned tubes and placement of new enteric tubes in the setting of redundant loops.

Total endovenous recanalization and stent reconstruction for naïve non-inferior vena cava filter-associated chronic iliocaval occlusive disease: Placement of 352 venous stents in 69 debilitated patients.

The aim of this study was to report the technical success, adverse events, clinical outcomes, and long-term stent patency of iliocaval stent reconstruction for naïve, non-inferior vena cava (IVC) filter-related, chronic iliocaval thrombosis. A total of 69 patients, including 47 (68%) men, with a mean age of 36 years (range: 8-71 years), underwent first-time iliocaval stent reconstruction for non-IVC filter-associated iliocaval thrombosis. The mean number of prothrombotic risk factors was 2.

Lower extremity endovenous reconstruction for symptomatic occlusive disease in pediatric patients: techniques, clinical outcomes, and long-term stent patencies.

Background: Endovascular stent reconstruction is the standard of care for chronic venous occlusive disease in adults, but it has not been reported in pediatric patients.

Objective: This study reports the technical success, complications, clinical outcomes, and stent patency of iliocaval stent reconstruction for chronic iliocaval thrombosis in pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen patients, 13 (93%) male with a mean age of 16.

Medical Malpractice in Image-Guided Procedures: An Analysis of 184 Cases.

Purpose: To report types and outcomes of a small subset of malpractice lawsuits filed against physicians performing image-guided interventions in the United States.

Materials And Methods: In total, 1,312 cases involving common image-guided procedures were reviewed from the Westlaw and LexisNexis databases in the United States from 1963 to 2018. Social Security, disability, employment contract, product liability, criminal, and government employment claims were excluded.

Transnasal stent-assisted targeting technique for percutaneous jejunostomy placement in patients with hiatal hernias.

Purpose: To report the transnasal stent-assisted targeting technique for percutaneous jejunostomy placement in patients with hiatal hernias.

Materials And Methods: Four patients, including three (75%) females and one (25%) male, with mean age of 77.5 years (range 73-78 years), and with a hiatal hernia and intrathoracic stomach precluding gastrostomy placement and loop snare placement into the mid-jejunum underwent the transnasal stent-assisted targeting technique for percutaneous jejunostomy placement.

Stent Placement Across the Renal Vein Inflow in Patients Undergoing Venous Reconstruction Preserves Renal Function and Renal Vein Patency: Experience in 93 Patients.

Purpose: To determine if stent placement across the renal vein inflow affects kidney function and renal vein patency.

Methods: Between June 2008 and September 2016, 93 patients (mean age 39 years, range 15-70; 54 women) with iliocaval occlusion underwent venous stent placement and were retrospectively reviewed. For this analysis, the patients were separated into treatment and control groups: 51 (55%) patients had suprarenal and infrarenal iliocaval venous disease requiring inferior vena cava stent reconstruction across the renal vein inflow (treatment group) and 42 (45%) patients had iliac vein stenting sparing the renal veins (control group).

Thoracic Duct Embolization-Value Analysis Using a Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Approach: A Single Institution Experience.

Purpose: To quantify cost drivers for thoracic duct embolization based on time-driven activity-based costing methods.

Materials And Methods: This was an Institutional Review Board-approved (HUM00141114) and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study performed at a quaternary care institution over a 14-month period. After process maps for thoracic duct embolization were prepared, staff practical capacity rates and consumable equipment costs were analyzed via a time-driven activity-based costing methodology.

Three-Dimensional Printing Facilitates Creation of a Biliary Endoscopy Phantom for Interventional Radiology-Operated Endoscopy Training.

Purpose: To create a three-dimensional endoscopic model of the biliary tract from magnetic-resonance cholangiopancreatography imaging and to evaluate its effectiveness as a tool for training in endoscopic biliary interventions.

Materials And Methods: A magnetic-resonance cholangiopancreatography study was performed on a patient with biliary obstruction secondary to a distal bile duct cholangiocarcinoma. Using Vitrea, a three-dimensional volume-rendered image was created, and exported as a standard tessellated language file.