Cardiovascular risk of electronic cigarettes: a review of preclinical and clinical studies.

Cigarette smoking is the most preventable risk factor related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Tobacco usage has declined in recent years; however, the use of alternative nicotine delivery methods, particularly e-cigarettes, has increased exponentially despite limited data on their short- and long-term safety and efficacy. Due to their unique properties, the impact of e-cigarettes on cardiovascular physiology is not fully known.

Exercise does not ameliorate cardiac dysfunction in obese mice exposed to fine particulate matter.

Background: Studies have demonstrated that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is exacerbated in patients with pre-existing conditions such as obesity. In the present study, we examined cardiac function of obese mice exposed to PM and determined if mild exercise affected cardiac function.

Methods: Obese mice (ob/ob) (leptin deficient, C57BL/6J background) were exposed to either filtered air (FA) or PM at an average concentration of 32 μg/m for 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 9 months.

Preconception Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Leads to Cardiac Dysfunction in Adult Male Offspring.

Background Particulate matter (particles < 2.5 μm [ PM ]) exposure during the in utero and postnatal developmental periods causes cardiac dysfunction during adulthood. Here, we investigated the potential priming effects of preconception exposure of PM on cardiac function in adult offspring.

Cardiac pathophysiology in response to environmental stress: a current review.

Purpose: Environmental stressors are disturbing our ecosystem at an accelerating rate. An increasingly relevant stressor are air pollutants, whose levels are increasing worldwide with threats to human health. These air pollutants are associated with increased mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular diseases.

PM exposure in utero contributes to neonatal cardiac dysfunction in mice.

Objective: Exposure of fine particulate matter (PM) to pregnant dams has been shown to be strongly associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in offspring at adulthood, however, effects evident during neonatal periods are unclear. We designed this study to examine cardiac function of neonatal mice (14 days old) exposed to in utero PM.

Methods: Pregnant FVB female mice were exposed either to filtered air (FA) or PM at an average concentration of 91.