The Effect of Time-Equated Concurrent Training Programs in Resistance-Trained Men.

The purpose of this investigation was to compare the effects of three different concurrent training (CT) programs and a resistance training (RT) program. Twenty-three resistance trained men (age: 24 ± 3 years) were randomized into four groups: concurrent RT and high intensity interval cycling (CTH, n = 6), concurrent RT and moderate intensity continuous cycling (CTM, n = 5), RT and barbell circuit training (RTC, n = 6), or RT only (RT, n = 6). Back squat and bench press strength, quadriceps, and pectoralis muscle thickness, VO, and maximum workload (W, Watts) were assessed.

Trends in measuring BMR and RMR after spinal cord injury: a comprehensive review.

Studying factors that contribute to our understanding of maintaining normal energy balance are of paramount significance following spinal cord injury (SCI). Accurate determination of energy needs is crucial for providing nutritional guidance and managing the increasing prevalence of malnutrition or obesity after SCI. BMR represents 75-80 % of the total energy expenditure in persons with SCI.

A case study of percutaneous epidural stimulation to enable motor control in two men after spinal cord injury.

Two persons with chronic motor complete spinal cord injury (SCI) were implanted with percutaneous spinal cord epidural stimulation (SCES) leads to enable motor control below the injury level (NCT04782947). Through a period of temporary followed by permanent SCES implantation, spinal mapping was conducted primarily to optimize configurations enabling volitional control of movement and training of standing and stepping as a secondary outcome. In both participants, SCES enabled voluntary increased muscle activation and movement below the injury and decreased assistance during exoskeleton-assisted walking.

Denervation impacts muscle quality and knee bone mineral density after spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To compare muscle size, body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), and metabolic profiles in denervated versus innervated individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Setting: Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center.

Employment of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation to Examine Muscle and Bone Qualities after Spinal Cord Injury.

(1) Background: Resource intensive imaging tools have been employed to examine muscle and bone qualities after spinal cord injury (SCI). We tested the hypothesis that surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) amplitude can be used to examine knee extensor muscle quality, distal femur and proximal tibia bone mineral density (BMD) in persons with SCI. (2) Methods: Seventeen persons (2 women) with chronic SCI participated in three weeks of NMES-resistance training twice weekly of 4 sets of 10 repetitions.

Predictors of muscle hypertrophy responsiveness to electrically evoked resistance training after spinal cord injury.

The purpose of the study was to identify potential predictors of muscle hypertrophy responsiveness following neuromuscular electrical stimulation resistance training (NMES-RT) in persons with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Data for twenty individuals with motor complete SCI who completed twice weekly NMES-RT lasting 12-16 weeks as part of their participation in one of two separate clinical trials were pooled and retrospectively analyzed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of the whole thigh and knee extensor muscle before and after NMES-RT.

The interaction of macronutrients and body composition among individuals with chronic spinal cord injury.

Changes in body composition and dietary intake occur following spinal cord injury (SCI). The Geometric Framework for Nutrition (GFN) is a tool that allows the examination of the complex relationships between multiple nutrition factors and health parameters within a single model. This study aimed to utilize the GFN to examine the associations between self-reported macronutrient intakes and body composition in persons with chronic SCI.

Visceral Adiposity, Inflammation, and Testosterone Predict Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Mass and Activity in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.

Background: Mitochondrial health is an important predictor of several health-related comorbidities including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. In persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), mitochondrial health has been linked to several important body composition and metabolic parameters. However, the complex interplay of how mitochondrial health is affected has yet to be determined in this population.

Epidural stimulation with locomotor training ameliorates unstable blood pressure after tetraplegia. A case report.

A male with C7 complete tetraplegia participated in 14 weeks of body weight supported treadmill training (BWSTT) combined with spinal cord epidural stimulation (SCES), 4 weeks of no intervention, and two more weeks of BWSTT + SCES. The participant presented with unstable resting seated blood pressure (BP; 131/66 mmHg). After retrospective analysis, resting systolic BP decreased and diastolic BP increased, yielding a safe mean arterial BP.

Leisure-time physical activity, anthropometrics, and body composition as predictors of quality of life domains after spinal cord injury: an exploratory cross-sectional study.

The objective of the current work was to examine the relationships between quality of life (QOL) domains in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) and their levels of weekly leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), anthropometric variables, and body composition variables. This exploratory cross-sectional study consisted of baseline data collected as part of a randomized clinical trial at a VA Medical Center and SCI center. A convenience sample of 36 community-dwelling persons with SCI participated in the current study.

Role of exercise on visceral adiposity after spinal cord injury: a cardiometabolic risk factor.

Purpose: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with cardiometabolic disease risk in able-bodied (AB) populations. However, the underlying mechanisms of VAT-induced disease risk are unknown in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Potential mechanisms of VAT-induced cardiometabolic dysfunction in persons with SCI include systemic inflammation, liver adiposity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and anabolic deficiency.

Proximity to Failure and Total Repetitions Performed in a Set Influences Accuracy of Intraset Repetitions in Reserve-Based Rating of Perceived Exertion.

Zourdos, MC, Goldsmith, JA, Helms, ER, Trepeck, C, Halle, JL, Mendez, KM, Cooke, DM, Haischer, MH, Sousa, CA, Klemp, A, and Byrnes, RK. Proximity to failure and total repetitions performed in a set influences accuracy of intraset repetitions in reserve-based rating of perceived exertion. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S158-S165, 2021-The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of predicting repetitions in reserve (RIR) intraset using the RIR-based rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale.

Validity of the Open Barbell and Tendo Weightlifting Analyzer Systems Versus the Optotrak Certus 3D Motion-Capture System for Barbell Velocity.

Purpose: To examine the validity of 2 linear position transducers, the Tendo Weightlifting Analyzer System (TWAS) and Open Barbell System (OBS), compared with a criterion device, the Optotrak Certus 3-dimensional motion-capture system (OC3D).

Methods: A total of 25 men (age, 25 [3] y; height, 174.0 [6.

The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor agonist, G-1, attenuates BK channel activation in cerebral arterial smooth muscle cells.

The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is a significant modulator of arterial contractility and blood flow. The GPER-specific activator, G-1, has been widely used to characterize GPER function in a variety of tissue types. Large conductance, calcium (Ca)-activated K (BK) channels are sensitive to 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) and estrogenic compounds (e.

Factors underlying the perception of effort during constant heart rate running above and below the critical heart rate.

Purpose: This study examined: (1) the sustainability of the critical heart rate (CHR) minus 5 b min(-1) (CHR - 5) and CHR plus 5 b min(-1) (CHR + 5); (2) the ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), velocity, [Formula: see text], minute ventilation ([Formula: see text]), breathing frequency (f b ), and electromyographic amplitude (EMG AMP) and EMG mean power frequency (MPF) responses during treadmill running at CHR - 5 and CHR + 5 to determine what factors underlie the perception of effort when heart rate (HR) is held constant; and (3) the relationships among RPE, [Formula: see text], and HR, to determine which variable(s) reflect exhaustion during exercise performed at a constant HR.

Methods: The CHR was determined in eight runners (mean ± SD; age = 24 ± 3 years) from a series of four exhaustive, constant velocity runs. The RPE, velocity, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], f b , EMG AMP, and EMG MPF responses were recorded during runs at the CHR - 5 and CHR + 5.

Application of the Critical Heart Model to Treadmill Running.

The mathematical model used to estimate critical power has been applied to heart rate (HR) measurements during cycle ergometry to derive a fatigue threshold called the critical heart rate (CHR). This study had 2 purposes: (a) determine if the CHR model for cycle ergometry could be applied to treadmill running and (b) examine the times to exhaustion (Tlim) and the VO2 responses during constant HR runs at the CHR. Thirteen runners (mean ± SD; age = 23 ± 3 years) performed an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion.

CLA supplementation and aerobic exercise lower blood triacylglycerol, but have no effect on peak oxygen uptake or cardiorespiratory fatigue thresholds.

This study examined the effects of 6 weeks of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation and moderate aerobic exercise on peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), the gas exchange threshold (GET), the respiratory compensation point (RCP), and serum concentrations of cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and glucose in humans. Thirty-four untrained to moderately trained men (mean ± SD; age = 21.5 ± 2.

Reliability and relationships among handgrip strength, leg extensor strength and power, and balance in older men.

Purpose: To quantify the reliability of isometric leg extension torque (LEMVC), rate of torque development (LERTD), isometric handgrip force (HGMVC) and RFD (HGRFD), isokinetic leg extension torque and power at 1.05rad·s(-1) and 3.14rad·s(-1); and explore relationships among strength, power, and balance in older men.