Missed Visits Predict Recurrence in Idiopathic Clubfoot.

Background: Congenital talipes equinovarus, also known as "clubfoot," is a common congenital deformity. While reported relapse rates vary widely, relapse continues to be a common problem faced in the treatment of this condition. The objective of this study is to assess relationships between demographic/socioeconomic factors, follow-up, and rates of relapse in our population of clubfoot patients.

The Novel Use of the Lateral Scanogram to Detect Cruciate Deficiency in Children With Congenital Femoral Deficiency.

Congenital femoral deficiency (CFD) is often associated with cruciate ligament deficiency. The lateral scanogram may be a potential solution to some limitations for detecting instability associated with cruciate ligament deficiency. This qualitative case study identified two children with congenital femoral deficiency who were assessed with a lateral scanogram and had their results correlated to the clinical examination and MRI.

Half-pin Breakage in Multiplanar External Fixators Used for Pediatric Deformity Correction.

Background: Pediatric patients with leg length discrepancies and complex deformities may require multiplanar external fixators for correction. We have encountered 4 cases of half-pin breakage with the Orthex hexapod frame. The purpose of this study is to report factors associated with half-pin breakage and compare various deformity correction characteristics between 2 hexapod frames - Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) and Orthex.

Simulating the effects of long-distance dispersal and landscape heterogeneity on the eco-evolutionary outcomes of range expansion in an invasive riverine fish, Tench (Tinca tinca).

Predicting how quickly populations expand their range and whether they will retain genetic diversity when they are introduced to new regions or track environmental conditions suited to their survival is an important applied and theoretical challenge. The literature suggests that long-distance dispersal, landscape heterogeneity and the evolution of dispersal influence populations' expansion rates and genetic diversity. We used individual-based spatially explicit simulations to examine these relationships for Tench (Tinca tinca), an invasive fish expanding its geographical range in eastern North America since the 1990s.

Tibial Osteomyelitis Caused by Morganella morganii After External Fixation for Limb Length Discrepancy in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Morganella morganii is a facultative, anaerobic rod Gram-negative enteric bacterium. Few cases are documented of musculoskeletal infection. We present a case of a 9-year-old boy with osteomyelitis 1 year after index external fixation for leg length discrepancy.

Genetic diversity and structure of a recent fish invasion: Tench () in eastern North America.

Introduced and geographically expanding populations experience similar eco-evolutionary challenges, including founder events, genetic bottlenecks, and novel environments. Theory predicts that reduced genetic diversity resulting from such phenomena limits the success of introduced populations. Using 1900 SNPs obtained from restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing, we evaluated hypotheses related to the invasion history and connectivity of an invasive population of Tench (), a Eurasian freshwater fish that has been expanding geographically in eastern North America for three decades.

Does the stabilization of the calcaneocuboid joint with Steinmann pin in Evans osteotomy affect its incidence of arthritis?

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of retaining a Steinmann pin in the calcaneocuboid joint on its rates of arthritis following Evans calcaneal osteotomy lengthening procedure. The study hypothesized that leaving the pin across the calcaneocuboid joint post-operatively would lead to higher rates of arthritis.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients under 18 years of age who underwent Evans osteotomy at our hospital from January 2015 to May 2020.

Closed Reduction of Pediatric Distal Radial Fractures and Epiphyseal Separations.

Background: Sedated, closed reduction of a displaced distal radial fracture followed by cast immobilization is indicated in cases of unacceptable alignment on post-splint imaging. The aim of this procedure is to obtain acceptable reduction and cast immobilization for fracture-healing.

Description: The patient is positioned supine with the injured arm on the image intensifier.

Defining the volume of consultations for musculoskeletal infection encountered by pediatric orthopaedic services in the United States.

Objective: Adequate resources are required to rapidly diagnose and treat pediatric musculoskeletal infection (MSKI). The workload MSKI consults contribute to pediatric orthopaedic services is unknown as prior epidemiologic studies are variable and negative work-ups are not included in national discharge databases. The hypothesis was tested that MSKI consults constitute a substantial volume of total consultations for pediatric orthopaedic services across the United States.

A new approach to the biological monitoring of freshwater systems: Mapping nutrient loading in two South African rivers, a case study.

Excessive addition of nitrogen (N) has threatened aquatic ecosystems for decades. Traditional water quality and biological monitoring assessment tools are widely used for monitoring nutrient loads and ecosystem health, but most of these methods cannot distinguish between different types and sources of pollution. This is a challenge, particularly when dealing with non-point sources of anthropogenic nitrogen inputs into freshwater systems.

Species succession and the development of a lacustrine fish community in an ephemeral lake.

Here, we present a gillnet survey of Lake Liambezi a 370 km shallow ephemeral floodplain lake situated in north-eastern Namibia, which is fed irregularly by the upper Zambezi and Kwando Rivers during years of high flooding. The lake dried up in 1985 and, with the exception of sporadic minor annual inundation events, remained dry until 2007. We describe the temporal succession of fish species over an 8 year period from initial inundation 2007 to maturation in 2014.

Who Gets Compartment Syndrome?: A Retrospective Analysis of the National and Local Incidence of Compartment Syndrome in Patients With Supracondylar Humerus Fractures.

Purpose: Although acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is associated with pediatric supracondylar humerus (SCH) fractures, there are limited data describing its incidence and risk factors. The purpose of our study was to report the local and national incidence of ACS with SCH and floating elbow (concomitant SCH and forearm) fracture patterns and the associated risk factors.

Methods: We retrospectively queried data for SCH fracture patients over a 4-year period from our institution (a level I pediatric trauma center) and the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB).

A missing link in the estuarine nitrogen cycle?: Coupled nitrification-denitrification mediated by suspended particulate matter.

In estuarine and coastal ecosystems, the majority of previous studies have considered coupled nitrification-denitrification (CND) processes to be exclusively sediment based, with little focus on suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the water column. Here, we present evidence of CND processes in the water column of Hangzhou Bay, one of the largest macrotidal embayments in the world. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that SPM was negatively correlated with nitrate (rho = -0.

Estimating δ15N fractionation and adjusting the lipid correction equation using Southern African freshwater fishes.

Stable isotope analysis is an important tool for characterising food web structure; however, interpretation of isotope data can often be flawed. For instance, lipid normalisation and trophic fractionation values are often assumed to be constant, but can vary considerably between ecosystems, species and tissues. Here, previously determined lipid normalisation equations and trophic fractionation values were re-evaluated using freshwater fish species from three rivers in the Upper Zambezian floodplain ecoregion in southern Africa.

Lisfranc injuries in children and adolescents.

In this descriptive analysis of pediatric Lisfranc injuries, records of 56 children treated for bony or ligamentous Lisfranc injuries over a 12-year period were reviewed. Overall, 51% of fractures and 82% of sprains were sports-related (P=0.03).

¹³C pulse-chase labeling comparative assessment of the active methanogenic archaeal community composition in the transgenic and nontransgenic parental rice rhizospheres.

More and more investigations indicate that genetic modification has no significant or persistent effects on microbial community composition in the rice rhizosphere. Very few studies, however, have focused on its impact on functional microorganisms. This study completed a ¹³C-CO₂ pulse-chase labeling experiment comparing the potential effects of cry1Ab gene transformation on ¹³C tissue distribution and rhizosphere methanogenic archaeal community composition with its parental rice variety (Ck) and a distant parental rice variety (Dp).

Residents' perceptions of sex diversity in orthopaedic surgery.

Background: Sex diversity in orthopaedic surgery lags behind other surgical specialties. Women comprise 13.2% of orthopaedic residents and 15% of full-time faculty, despite 47.

Baseline isotope data for Spirodela sp.: nutrient differentiation in aquatic systems.

The excessive addition of nitrogen to watersheds is recognized as one of the main causes of the global deterioration of aquatic ecosystems and an increasing number of studies have shown that δ¹⁵N signatures of macrophytes may reflect the N-loading of the system under investigation. This study investigated isotopic equilibration rates and concentration level effects of KNO₃ and cow manure nutrient solutions on the δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C signatures, C/N ratios, % N and % C of Spirodela sp. over time, to determine the feasibility of their use in monitoring anthropogenic N-loading in freshwater systems.