Gas chromatographic determination of trace amounts of vinyl chloride and dichloroethenes in landfill-gas.

A method for the determination of vinyl chloride (VC) and dichloroethenes (DCE) in gas samples is presented. The analytes are preconcentrated from a gas-volume of up to 20 l on an adsorption tube filled with 1.0 g of a carbon molecular sieve at a flow rate of 80 l/h and are subsequently desorbed with carbon disulfide.

Lead accumulation in Pomphorhynchus laevis and its host.

Adults of Pomphorhynchus laevis were collected from the intestines of 10 chubs (Leuciscus cephalus) from the river Ruhr near Bochum, Germany. The acanthocephalans and various tissues of the fish (muscle, liver, and intestine) were analyzed for lead with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean lead level in the parasite was 54 micrograms/g wet weight, which was 284 times more than in the host intestine, 771 times more than in host liver, and 2,700 times more than in host muscle.

Trace analysis to determine heavy metal load in lung tissue. A contribution to substantiation of occupational hazards.

A routine method to determine the presence of partly environmentally relevant trace elements Al, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb in lung tissue is described. The stages of process are preparation of samples conforming to the analysis material, decomposition, and subsequent trace determination by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results obtained from 125 samples show that chemical analysis is an effective aid in identifying and substantiating occupational risks.

[Determination of Fe, Cu and Zn by a mechanised micro-method of flame photometry (author's transl)].

By sample application in measured quantities ("injection method") the quality of serum required for the determination of trace elements can be considerably decreased with essentially no loss in sensitivity. The volume of solution, 50 or 100 microliters, required for a single measurement is added to the nebulizer of the AAS apparatus manually with a bulb pipette, or automatically by a suitable sample changing system. A total of 500 microliters serum is sufficient for the determination of traces of Fe, Cu, and Zn.

[Determination of Li, Na, K, Mg and Ca with a mechanised flame photometric micro-method. Mechanised micro-method ("injection method") of flame photometry (atomic absorption--atomic emission) for the determination of serum electrolytes and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn); Part I. (author's transl)].

By introduction of the analysis solution in measured quantities in atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry, the quantity sensitivity of these methods can be increased by an order of magnitude, while the concentration sensitivity remains unchanged. The required volume of sample (serum) is thereby considerably reduced. Using this method, the serum electrolytes and certain trace elements can be determined simply and quickly in only a few microlitres of serum.