Association of trabecular bone score corrected for tissue thickness with glucose metabolism in acromegaly.

Introduction: Acromegaly is associated with increased vertebral fracture (VF) risk regardless of bone mineral density (BMD). However, the vertebral trabecular compartment is still low; a possible contributor to this may be impaired glucose metabolism (GM) which frequently complicates acromegaly. Additionally, soft tissue thickness may confound bone imaging in acromegaly patients.

High Doses of Vitamin D and Specific Metabolic Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Systematic Review.

Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is recognized as a condition of mild chronic inflammation, marked by increased levels of acute-phase proteins and various inflammatory indicators. These inflammatory substances, along with inflammation of adipose tissue and the secretion of adipocytokines, can contribute to insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction. By influencing both innate and adaptive immunity, vitamin D can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines and help mitigate the low-grade chronic inflammation associated with T2DM.

Comparison of Causes of Mortality Between Hospitalized Unsheltered Homeless Patients and Non-Homeless Sex and Age-Matched Controls: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Objectives: Roofless individuals represent the most severe category of homelessness. Their clinical characteristics and mortality patterns in Central and Eastern Europe are little known.

Methods: A single-center retrospective case-control study at the internal medicine department in Bratislava, Slovakia was conducted.

Symptoms of functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome among medical students in Slovakia and their relation to diet and exercise.

Introduction: There is a substantial lack of data regarding the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD) in the region of Central/Eastern Europe. It is a well-described and known fact that environmental, ethnic, dietary, and cultural factors can influence the reporting of symptoms. Therefore, we aim to provide the first data documenting the prevalence of specific disorders of gut-brain interaction in Slovakia.

Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 Significantly Decreased during the Pandemic in Slovakia from 2020 to 2022 Which Was Associated with Decreasing Mortality.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to changes in lifestyle, which could influence vitamin D status on a population level. The purpose of our study was to compare 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in patients hospitalized because of severe COVID-19 during two waves of the pandemic (2020/21 vs. 2021/22).

Risk of bleeding after ground-level falls in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation and warfarin therapy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate bleeding risk in patients treated with VKAs after ground-level falls, considering the type and severity of bleeding.

Methods: The study was designed as a retrospective cohort study and included a total of 204 elderly patients aged > 65 years treated for AF continuously with warfarin for more than 3 years. Data were obtained from hospital registries in Bratislava, Slovakia.

Supplementation with myo-inositol and Selenium improves the clinical conditions and biochemical features of women with or at risk for subclinical hypothyroidism.

Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate the effect of myo-Inositol plus Selenium supplementation in patients affected by subclinical hypothyroidism.

Methods: One hundred and forty-eight patients were included in the study from 8 different centers of Slovakia, and treated for 6 months with a daily dose of 600 mg myo-Ins plus 83 mcg Se. The patients included at the enrollment were women of reproductive age (18-50), who exhibit values of TSH in the range 2.

[Prevention and treatment of cancer associated venous thromboembolism - interdisciplinary consensus].

The increasing volume of the data and experience with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACS) in the primary and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism in oncologic patients (CAVTE) has recently lead to changes in several international guidelines. We reflect these changes within the conditions in Slovak republic. In the primary prevention of CAVTE we recognise oncosurgical patients and nonsurgical patients: hospitalised and out patients.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Concentration Significantly Decreases in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia during the First 48 Hours after Hospital Admission.

It is unclear how ongoing inflammation in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration. The objective of our study was to examine serum 25(OH)D levels during COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were admitted between 1 November and 31 December 2021.

3D Echocardiography - A Useful Method for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of premature mortality, mainly due to cardiovascular causes. The association between hemodialysis and accelerated atherosclerosis has long been described. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis and recent studies indicate its utility as a predictor of future cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.

Treatment With Cholecalciferol Leads to Increase Of Selected Semen Parameters in Young Infertile Males: Results of a 6-month Interventional Study.

High incidence of infertility along with low vitamin D levels was detected in otherwise healthy young men. The aim is to observe the effect of vitamin D supplementation on semen parameters as assessed by semen analysis in infertile men. In total, 45 men (mean age 36.

The Long-Term Effects of Growth Hormone Replacement on Bone Mineral Density and Trabecular Bone Score: Results of the 10-Year Prospective Follow-up.

There are only few studies concerning about long-term effect of growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy on bone mineral density and bone microstructure. To assess effect of GH replacement therapy on bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) in adult GH deficient (AGHD) subjects over period of 10 years. From 2005 to 2018, a prospective study of AGHD patients was conducted in national referral center for treatment of GHD.

Prediction of Vertebral Fractures by Trabecular Bone Score in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylarthritis (AS) is associated falsely increased lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD). New tool for discrimination of subjects at fracture risk is needed. Vertebral fracture (VF) prediction of routine methods for osteoporosis assessment, BMD and trabecular bone score (TBS), in patients with AS.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Klotho Are Associated With Trabecular Bone Score but Not Bone Mineral Density in the Early Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of the Cross-Sectional Study.

This study evaluates bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) in relationship with new markers of chronic kidney disease (CKD), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), and klotho. The patients in this cross-sectional study were divided as follows: group A -patients in stages G1-3; group B -patients in stages G4 - 5 according to KDIGO. Plasma levels of soluble klotho and FGF23 were determined by ELISA.

Parathyroid Hormone-Related Changes of Bone Structure.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases the release of serum calcium through osteoclasts, which leads to bone resorption. Primary, PTH stimulates osteoblasts leading to increase RANKL (receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) expression and thus differentiation of osteoclasts. In kidneys, PTH increases calcium and decrease phosphate reabsorption.

Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with 25(OH)D levels lower than 12 ng/ml are at increased risk of death.

Objectives: There is no consensus on specific serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D) levels associated with higher risk of severe outcome in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). According to the literature patients with serum 25(OH) D levels <12 ng/ml are clearly deficient at all ages. Our aim was to assess COVID-19 mortality in the settings of severe 25(OH) D deficiency.

3D Echocardiography - A Useful Method for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of premature mortality, mainly due to cardiovascular causes. The association between hemodialysis and accelerated atherosclerosis has long been described. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis and recent studies indicate its utility as a predictor of future cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.

Treatment With Cholecalciferol Leads to Increase Of Selected Semen Parameters in Young Infertile Males: Results of a 6-month Interventional Study.

High incidence of infertility along with low vitamin D levels was detected in otherwise healthy young men. The aim is to observe the effect of vitamin D supplementation on semen parameters as assessed by semen analysis in infertile men. In total, 45 men (mean age 36.

The Long-Term Effects of Growth Hormone Replacement on Bone Mineral Density and Trabecular Bone Score: Results of the 10-Year Prospective Follow-up.

There are only few studies concerning about long-term effect of growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy on bone mineral density and bone microstructure. To assess effect of GH replacement therapy on bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) in adult GH deficient (AGHD) subjects over period of 10 years. From 2005 to 2018, a prospective study of AGHD patients was conducted in national referral center for treatment of GHD.

Prediction of Vertebral Fractures by Trabecular Bone Score in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylarthritis (AS) is associated falsely increased lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD). New tool for discrimination of subjects at fracture risk is needed. Vertebral fracture (VF) prediction of routine methods for osteoporosis assessment, BMD and trabecular bone score (TBS), in patients with AS.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Klotho Are Associated With Trabecular Bone Score but Not Bone Mineral Density in the Early Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of the Cross-Sectional Study.

This study evaluates bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) in relationship with new markers of chronic kidney disease (CKD), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), and klotho. The patients in this cross-sectional study were divided as follows: group A -patients in stages G1-3; group B -patients in stages G4 - 5 according to KDIGO. Plasma levels of soluble klotho and FGF23 were determined by ELISA.

Parathyroid Hormone-Related Changes of Bone Structure.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases the release of serum calcium through osteoclasts, which leads to bone resorption. Primary, PTH stimulates osteoblasts leading to increase RANKL (receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) expression and thus differentiation of osteoclasts. In kidneys, PTH increases calcium and decrease phosphate reabsorption.

Vertebral Fractures Occur Despite Control of Acromegaly and Are Predicted by Cortical Volumetric Bone Mineral Density.

Context: Recent studies suggest that cortical bone could also play a role in vertebral fracture (VF) development in acromegaly.

Objective: Evaluate the occurrence of VFs and their relationship to dual energy x-ray absorptiometry-derived bone parameters.

Methods: A single-center 2-year prospective study of acromegaly patients was conducted.

[Application of surgical mask with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) leads to improved oxygenation in patients with COVID-19: a set of case reports].

The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the development of acute infectious illness named COVID-19. While most people have a mild course of the disease, a significant minority of patients will develop some degree of respiratory insufficiency requiring hospitalization. In case of failure of conventional oxygen therapy, the method of choice in patients with respiratory insufficiency is ventilation with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC).

[Osteoporosis in diabetes mellitus patients].

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is currently a pandemic problem, and the number of diabetic patients is constantly increasing. There are known and established diabetic complication but it is also comorbidities associated with DM cannot be forgotten. One of these is osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures.