A qualitative analysis of adolescents' perspectives on peer and influencer alcohol-related posts on social media.

Introduction: Adolescent exposure to alcohol-related content on social media is common and associated with alcohol use and perceived norms; however, little is known about how exposure differs by the source of the content (e.g., peer or 'influencer').

Morphological study of the placenta in deliveries with pre-eclampsia: Results from a prospective, observational study in India and Pakistan (PURPOSe).

Objective: To compare placental findings in women with and without pre-eclampsia.

Design: The PURPOSe study included women with stillbirths, women with preterm births and women at term as controls. The placenta of each case was evaluated using the Amsterdam criteria.

The Risk of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Premature Infants with Breech Presentation at Birth.

Objective: This article evaluates the risk (defined here as incidence per 1,000 infants) of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in premature infants undergoing hip ultrasound (HUS) for breech presentation only compared with other indications.

Study Design: Retrospective study of infants born between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2018 at <37 weeks' gestation with a HUS obtained in the first year of life, at Nationwide Children's Hospital, the only available facility for pediatric radiology and orthopaedic services in central Ohio. We calculated risk differences and odds ratios of DDH by the indication of HUS.

Correction: Harris et al. Derivation of the Omega-3 Index from EPA and DHA Analysis of Dried Blood Spots from Dogs and Cats. 2023, , 13.

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Exploring Coping Strategies Among Older Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence During COVID-19.

This interpretive description study explored coping among older women in Ontario experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) during COVID-19. Twelve in-depth interviews with older women found age-related normative beliefs played a role in how older women viewed their lives and how they looked beyond their experiences of IPV. Their roles as caretakers and homemakers influenced their response to IPV, and COVID-19 exacerbated feelings of lost time and loneliness.

Diversification and expansion of the EBV-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocyte repertoire following autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplant for multiple sclerosis.

Both genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures are thought to be involved in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Of all viruses potentially relevant to MS aetiology, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the best-studied. EBV is a B cell lymphotropic virus which is able to evade the immune system by establishing latent infection in memory B cells, and EBV reactivation is restricted by CD8 cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses in immune competent individuals.

Potential mechanisms linking poverty alleviation and health: an analysis of benefit spending among recipients of the U.S. earned income tax credit.

Background: The earned income tax credit (EITC) is the largest U.S. poverty alleviation program for low-income families, disbursed annually as a lump-sum tax refund.

Surgical Site Infection Is Not Associated with 1-Year Progression-Free Survival After Endoprosthetic Reconstruction for Lower-Extremity Osteosarcoma: A Secondary Analysis of PARITY Study Data.

Background: Although there is evidence suggesting that postoperative infection confers a survival benefit in osteosarcoma treated with resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction, there have been no prospective studies to date to support these findings. This secondary analysis of Prophylactic Antibiotic Regimens in Tumor Surgery (PARITY) study data examines the relationship between surgical site infection (SSI) and disease progression within 12 months after limb salvage surgery.

Methods: The PARITY trial was an international, multicenter, prospective randomized controlled trial of 604 patients who underwent resection of a lower-extremity bone tumor and endoprosthetic reconstruction.

Baseline serum HBV RNA is associated with the risk of hepatitis flare after stopping nucleoside analog therapy in HBeAg-negative participants.

Background And Aims: HBV RNA in peripheral blood reflects HBV cccDNA transcriptional activity and may predict clinical outcomes. The prospective Melbourne HBV-STOP trial studied nucleot(s)ide analog discontinuation in HBeAg-negative non-cirrhotic participants with long-term virological suppression. Ninety-six weeks after stopping treatment, the proportion of participants with virological relapse (HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL), biochemical relapse (ALT > 2 × ULN and HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL), or hepatitis flare (ALT > 5 × ULN and HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL) was 89%, 58%, and 38%, respectively.

Discovery and Characterisation of Forward Line Formations at Centre Bounces in the Australian Football League.

The extent of player formation usage and the characteristics of player arrangements are not well understood in Australian football, unlike other team-based invasion sports. Using player location data from all centre bounces in the 2021 Australian Football League season; this study described the spatial characteristics and roles of players in the forward line. Summary metrics indicated that teams differed in how spread out their forward players were (deviation away from the goal-to-goal axis and convex hull area) but were similar with regard to the centroid of player locations.

Novel Approaches to Characterize Individual Drug Metabolism and Advance Precision Medicine.

Interindividual variability in drug metabolism can significantly affect drug concentrations in the body and subsequent drug response. Understanding an individual's drug metabolism capacity is important for predicting drug exposure and developing precision medicine strategies. The goal of precision medicine is to individualize drug treatment for patients to maximize efficacy and minimize drug toxicity.

Understanding the Health and Well-being of Women With Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease that affects the central nervous system, and is potentially disabling. Women experience MS more frequently than men at a 3:1 ratio. Current literature suggests that women may experience health, social determinants of health, and disability differentially, and there is a gap in the research examining how gender intersects with MS.

Phase 2 study of PD-1 blockade following autologous transplantation for patients with AML ineligible for allogeneic transplant.

Allogeneic transplant remains the best postremission therapy for patients with nonfavorable risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, some patients are ineligible because of psychosocial barriers, such as lack of appropriate caregiver support. We hypothesized that immune checkpoint inhibition after autologous transplant might represent effective postremission therapy in such patients.

Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis of Sjögren-Larsson Syndrome Reveals a Distinctive Pattern of Multiple Disrupted Biochemical Pathways.

Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is a rare inherited neurocutaneous disease characterized by ichthyosis, spastic diplegia or tetraplegia, intellectual disability and a distinctive retinopathy. SLS is caused by bi-allelic mutations in , which codes for fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH) and results in abnormal lipid metabolism. The biochemical abnormalities in SLS are not completely known, and the pathogenic mechanisms leading to symptoms are still unclear.

Laboratory assessment of a multi-target assay for the rapid detection of viruses causing vesicular diseases.

Background: The recent mpox outbreak has highlighted the need to rapidly diagnose the causative agents of viral vesicular disease to inform treatment and control measures. Common causes of vesicular disease include Monkeypox virus (MPXV), clades I and II, Herpes simplex viruses Type 1 and Type 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2), human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6), Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and Enteroviruses (EVs). Here, we assessed a syndromic viral vesicular panel for rapid and simultaneous detection of these 7 targets in a single cartridge.

Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B among Indigenous Australians in Queensland and the Torres Strait Islands.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem for all Indigenous Australians. Post-2000, Hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence has decreased, although remaining four times higher among Indigenous compared with non-Indigenous people.

Aims: This study aimed to characterise the HBV from Indigenous populations in Queensland and the Torres Strait Islands.

Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Ixekizumab in Chinese Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis: A Phase 1, Single- and Multiple-Dose Study.

Introduction: We evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and efficacy of ixekizumab, a high-affinity monoclonal antibody that selectively targets interleukin-17A, in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis.

Methods: In this phase 1, multicenter, open-label study, adults (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis for ≥ 6 months involving ≥ 10% of their body surface area received ixekizumab 80 mg by subcutaneous injection and were observed for 20 weeks (single-dose phase) and then an initial dose of 160 mg followed by randomization (1:1) to 80 mg ixekizumab every 2 weeks (IXE Q2W) or every 4 weeks (IXE Q4W) for an 8-week treatment period (multiple-dose phase).

Results: The median time to maximum observed ixekizumab concentrations occurred 2-4 days after dosing and the geometric mean half-life was 15-16 days, after single (n = 12) and multiple (n = 29) doses.

A Pilot Study of Adolescent and Young Adult Experience with Subcutaneous Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate.

Study Objective: To describe satisfaction with and preference for subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC), along with adherence and feasibility, in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) METHODS: Survey of a sample of AYA patients who received DMPA-SC prescription and injection RESULTS: Of 108 eligible patients, 34 completed the survey, and 29 respondents received at least 1 DMPA-SC injection. The mean age was 16.9 years.