The real-time detection of multinational banknotes remains an ongoing research challenge within the academic community. Numerous studies have been conducted to address the need for rapid and accurate banknote recognition, counterfeit detection, and identification of damaged banknotes [1], [2], [3]. State-of-the-art techniques, such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), have supplanted traditional digital image processing methods in banknote recognition and classification.
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