Factors Associated with Weaning in Infants with Cow's Milk Allergy: A Cohort Study.

To analyze the factors associated with weaning in infants with cow's milk allergy (CMA) treated at a food allergy reference center in a state in the northeast of Brazil. A prospective cohort study, with a case group (children with CMA) and two control groups (symptomatic nonallergic children [SC] and asymptomatic [AC]). At the beginning of the study, 30 children comprised the CMA group, 84 the SC group, and 52 the AC group.

Sulfotransferase 1C2 Increases Mitochondrial Respiration by Converting Mitochondrial Membrane Cholesterol to Cholesterol Sulfate.

Hypothesis: In this communication, we test the hypothesis that sulfotransferase 1C2 (SULT1C2, UniProt accession no. Q9WUW8) can modulate mitochondrial respiration by increasing state-III respiration.

Methods And Results: Using freshly isolated mitochondria, the addition of SULT1C2 and 3-phosphoadenosine 5 phosphosulfate (PAPS) results in an increased maximal respiratory capacity in response to the addition of succinate, ADP, and rotenone.

Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate (BMD) Treatment Affects Spleen Proteome in Broiler Chicks Infected with .

Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate (BMD), as a feed additive to poultry diets, enhances digestion, prevents (SE) colonization, and treats current infections. The objective of this study was to utilize a quantitative proteomic approach to determine the effect of BMD feed additive on broiler chickens challenged with SE in the spleen proteome. At 1 d of age, chicks were randomly allocated into four groups: control with and without SE challenge (CON, n = 60; CON-SE, n = 60), BMD with and without SE challenge (BMD, n = 60; BMD-SE, n = 60).

Development of an Anti-canine PD-L1 Antibody and Caninized PD-L1 Mouse Model as Translational Research Tools for the Study of Immunotherapy in Humans.

Unlabelled: Immune checkpoint blockade therapy, one of the most promising cancer immunotherapies, has shown remarkable clinical impact in multiple cancer types. Despite the recent success of immune checkpoint blockade therapy, however, the response rates in patients with cancer are limited (∼20%-40%). To improve the success of immune checkpoint blockade therapy, relevant preclinical animal models are essential for the development and testing of multiple combination approaches and strategies.

Proteomic analysis of canine vaccines.

Objective: To use proteomic analysis to identify qualitatively and quantitatively mammalian protein components of commercial veterinary vaccines against canine distemper, leptospirosis, borreliosis, and rabies.

Sample: 25 licensed veterinary vaccines (from 4 different manufacturers) against canine distemper and leptospirosis, borreliosis, and rabies (3-year and 1-year durations of immunity).

Procedures: Duplicate samples from a single-lot vial of each vaccine were prepared by acetone precipitation and proteolysis with trypsin and Lys-C protease mix.

Proteomic analysis reveals that aging rabbit vocal folds are more vulnerable to changes caused by systemic dehydration.

Background: Older adults are more prone to develop systemic dehydration. Systemic dehydration has implications for vocal fold biology by affecting gene and protein expression. The objective of this study was to quantify vocal fold protein changes between two age groups and hydration status, and to investigate the interaction of age and hydration status on protein expression, which has not been investigated in the context of vocal folds before.

Proteomic Analysis of the Effect of Challenge on Broiler Chicken.

Salmonella enteritidis is a foodborne pathogen that causes high morbidity in poultry. Proteomic analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to study the effects of Salmonella infection on spleen proteome in broiler chickens. Day-old broilers were assigned to control (CON; n = 60) or Salmonella challenge (CON−SE; n = 60), and gavaged with Tryptic soy agar broth or SE.

Global landscape of protein complexes in postprandial-state livers from diet-induced obese and lean mice.

Obesity is associated with a spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which is characterized by steatosis. Prolonged fat deposition aggravates liver dysfunctions leading to an advanced form of NAFLD such as steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. As liver function in the postprandial state is critical for macronutrient metabolism and energy homeostasis, we sought to determine the differences in protein complex profiles in lean and fatty livers in the postprandial state.

Multi-Omics Approach Reveals Dysregulation of Protein Phosphorylation Correlated with Lipid Metabolism in Mouse Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver.

Obesity caused by overnutrition is a major risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Several lipid intermediates such as fatty acids, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids are implicated in NAFLD, but detailed characterization of lipids and their functional links to proteome and phosphoproteome remain to be elucidated. To characterize this complex molecular relationship, we used a multi-omics approach by conducting comparative proteomic, phoshoproteomic and lipidomic analyses of high fat (HFD) and low fat (LFD) diet fed mice livers.

Protective Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract of on Undifferentiated Human Neuroblastoma Cells Exposed to α-Zearalenol (α-ZEL) and β-Zearalenol (β-ZEL).

(Bignoniaceae) is a traditional medicinal plant. The aim of this research was to determine the protective effects of the hydroethanolic extract from the leaves (HEFc) against the cytotoxicity of zearalenone (α-ZEL) and β-ZEL on SH-SY5Y cells. Free radical scavenging activity of HEFc was evaluated using the DPPH method.

Local and Systemic Changes in Lipid Profile as Potential Biomarkers for Canine Atopic Dermatitis.

Lipids play a critical role in the skin as components of the epidermal barrier and as signaling and antimicrobial molecules. Atopic dermatitis in dogs is associated with changes in the lipid composition of the skin, but whether these precede or follow the onset of dermatitis is unclear. We applied rapid lipid-profiling mass spectrometry to skin and blood of 30 control and 30 atopic dogs.

Disruption of pulmonary resolution mediators contribute to exacerbated silver nanoparticle-induced acute inflammation in a metabolic syndrome mouse model.

Pre-existing conditions modulate sensitivity to numerous xenobiotic exposures such as air pollution. Specifically, individuals suffering from metabolic syndrome (MetS) demonstrate enhanced acute inflammatory responses following particulate matter inhalation. The mechanisms associated with these exacerbated inflammatory responses are unknown, impairing interventional strategies and our understanding of susceptible populations.

Laboratory screening test with inhalant and food allergens in atopic Brazilian children and adolescents: a performance.

The Phadiatop Infant (PhInf) is a panel developed to assess allergic sensitization (immunoglobulin E [IgE]) in children aged <5 years and combines inhalant and food allergens. The test has not been evaluated outside Europe. This is a cross-sectional study conducted at 11 pediatric allergy centers to evaluate PhInf as an allergic disease screening method in Brazilian children.

Phase I/II Trial of Vemurafenib in Dogs with Naturally Occurring, -mutated Urothelial Carcinoma.

BRAF-targeted therapies including vemurafenib (Zelboraf) induce dramatic cancer remission; however, drug resistance commonly emerges. The purpose was to characterize a naturally occurring canine cancer model harboring complex features of human cancer, to complement experimental models to improve BRAF-targeted therapy. A phase I/II clinical trial of vemurafenib was performed in pet dogs with naturally occurring invasive urothelial carcinoma (InvUC) harboring the canine homologue of human The safety, MTD, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity were determined.

Developmental atrazine exposure in zebrafish produces the same major metabolites as mammals along with altered behavioral outcomes.

Atrazine (ATZ) is the second most commonly applied agricultural herbicide in the United States. Due to contamination concerns, the U.S.

Effective and Safe Stimulation of Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity by Intradermal Immunization with a Cyclic Dinucleotide/Nanoparticle Combination Adjuvant.

Intradermal (ID) immunization is an attractive route of vaccination because it targets tissue rich in dendritic cells, has dose-sparing potential, and allows needle-free delivery. However, few adjuvants are effective, nonreactogenic, and compatible with needle-free delivery devices. In this study, we demonstrate that a combination adjuvant composed of cyclic-di-AMP (cdAMP) and the plant-derived nanoparticle adjuvant Nano-11 significantly enhanced the immune response to ID-injected vaccines in mice and pigs with minimal local reaction at the injection site.

Allergic sensitization pattern of patients in Brazil.

Objective: Allergic sensitization is one of the key components for the development of allergies. Polysensitization seems to be related to the persistence and severity of allergic diseases. Furthermore, allergic sensitization has a predictive role in the development of allergies.

Lipidomic Profiling of the Epidermis in a Mouse Model of Dermatitis Reveals Sexual Dimorphism and Changes in Lipid Composition before the Onset of Clinical Disease.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial disease associated with alterations in lipid composition and organization in the epidermis. Multiple variants of AD exist with different outcomes in response to therapies. The evaluation of disease progression and response to treatment are observational assessments with poor inter-observer agreement highlighting the need for molecular markers.

Exacerbation of Nanoparticle-Induced Acute Pulmonary Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome.

Nanotechnology has the capacity to revolutionize numerous fields and processes, however, exposure-induced health effects are of concern. The majority of nanoparticle (NP) safety evaluations have been performed utilizing healthy models and have demonstrated the potential for pulmonary toxicity. A growing proportion of individuals suffer diseases that may enhance their susceptibility to exposures.

Brazilian pediatricians' adherence to food allergy guidelines-A cross-sectional study.

Food allergy is an emerging clinical condition in pediatrics, so recommendations on its management have been widely published. Studying pediatricians' adherence to these clinical practice guidelines (CPG) and understanding the reasons for their non-compliance can help to promote better management of this condition. A cross-sectional study was conducted by a survey among Brazilian pediatricians, randomly selected during the 38th Brazilian Congress of Pediatrics, which took place in October, 2017.

Exposure to chronic light-dark phase shifts during the prepartum nonlactating period attenuates circadian rhythms, decreases blood glucose, and increases milk yield in the subsequent lactation.

Maintaining metabolic balance is a key factor in the health of dairy cattle during the transition from pregnancy to lactation. Little is known regarding the role of the circadian timing system in the regulation of physiological changes during the transition period. We hypothesized that disruption of the cow's circadian timing system by exposure to chronic light-dark phase shifts during the prepartum period would negatively affect the regulation of homeostasis and cause metabolic disturbances, leading to reduced milk production in the subsequent lactation.

Phadiatop, Phadiatop Infant and total IgE evaluated in allergic Brazilian children and adolescents.

Unlabelled: The clinical history is of importance in the investigation of allergic diseases but does have limitations. Many allergic conditions will be over-diagnosed if anamnesis alone is used for diagnostic criteria. Serum total immunoglobulin E (TIgE) quantification, as well as panels containing allergens prevalent in the studied population, may serve as screening tests and facilitate the diagnosis of allergic disease or its exclusion.

Profiling of epidermal lipids in a mouse model of dermatitis: Identification of potential biomarkers.

Lipids are important structural and functional components of the skin. Alterations in the lipid composition of the epidermis are associated with inflammation and can affect the barrier function of the skin. SHARPIN-deficient cpdm mice develop a chronic dermatitis with similarities to atopic dermatitis in humans.

Accuracy of serum IgE concentrations and papule diameter in the diagnosis of cow's milk allergy.

Objective: To compare serum concentrations of specific IgE and mean papule diameters induced in the immediate skin reactivity test with cow's milk and its fractions with results of the oral challenge test, and to establish cutoff points capable of predicting clinical reactivity to cow's milk in patients treated at a referral service.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-two children (median of 17 months) with a history of immediate reactions to cow's milk and presence of specific IgE for cow's milk and/or its fractions (positive skin and/or IgE serum tests) were submitted to open oral challenge test with cow's milk.

Results: The oral challenge test was positive in 59.