Fifth Generation Cellular Networks and Neurosurgery: A Narrative Review.

Connectivity is a driving force for productivity across a wide variety of sectors in the 21st century, with health care being no exception. Fifth generation cellular technology (5G) is frequently alluded to in the mainstream media but understanding of the technology and its potential impact is not widespread in clinical communities. It promises unprecedented improvement in speed, bandwidth, reliability, and latency, all of which have significant implications for the way we use wireless data.

The therapeutic potential of atorvastatin in a mouse model of postoperative cognitive decline.

Objective: Postoperative cognitive decline is emerging as a significant complication of surgery among older adults. Animal models indicate a central role of hippocampal inflammatory responses in the pathophysiology of postoperative cognitive decline. We hypothesized that atorvastatin, shown to exert neuroprotective potential in central nervous system (CNS) disorders, would attenuate neuroinflammation and improve cognitive function in mice after surgery and anesthesia.

Development and validation of a computerized model of smiling: Modeling the percentage movement required for perception of smiling in unilateral facial nerve palsy.

Background: The inability to smile stands out as a notable difficulty for individuals with facial nerve palsies; a problem that facial reanimation surgery aims to rectify. However, smile reconstruction currently lacks quantitative data by which to objectively measure outcomes. This study aims to identify the relative importance of different oral muscles in terms of smiling, and explore the percentage function that needs to be restored for a smile to be perceived by an observer.

The role of the TGF-β family in wound healing, burns and scarring: a review.

It is estimated worldwide that over 6 million people per annum experience a burn injury. Despite advances in management and improved survival rates, the incidence of hypertrophic scarring remains high. These scars are particularly common after burns and are often raised, red, hard and may cause abnormal sensations.

The course and variation of the facial artery and vein: implications for facial transplantation and facial surgery.

The main arterial supply of the facial skin envelope is the facial artery which serves as the main pedicle for a number of facial flaps, including a facial transplant graft. This study explored the course of the facial artery and vein, branching patterns, terminations, and anomalous variants. Cadaveric dissections of 201 facial arteries and 198 facial veins were performed.