Clinical Applications of Machine Learning for Urolithiasis and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review.

Previous systematic reviews related to machine learning (ML) in urology often overlooked the literature related to endourology. Therefore, we aim to conduct a more focused systematic review examining the use of ML algorithms for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or urolithiasis. In addition, we are the first group to evaluate these articles using the Standardized Reporting of Machine Learning Applications in Urology (STREAM-URO) framework.

MRI-based R2* mapping in patients with suspected or known iron overload.

Purpose: R2* relaxometry is a quantitative method for assessment of iron overload. The purpose is to analyze the cross-sectional relationships between R2* in organs across patients with primary and secondary iron overload. Secondary analyses were conducted to analyze R2* according to treatment regimen.

Estimating the health-related quality of life of kidney stone patients: initial results from the Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life Machine-Learning Algorithm (WISQOL-MLA).

Objective: To build the Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life Machine-Learning Algorithm (WISQOL-MLA) to predict urolithiasis patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) based on demographic, symptomatic and clinical data collected for the validation of the Wisconsin Stone Quality-of-Life (WISQOL) questionnaire, an HRQoL measurement tool designed specifically for patients with kidney stones.

Material And Methods: We used data from 3206 stone patients from 16 centres. We used gradient-boosting and deep-learning models to predict HRQoL scores.

Review of Natural Language Processing in Radiology.

Natural language processing (NLP) is an interdisciplinary field, combining linguistics, computer science, and artificial intelligence to enable machines to read and understand human language for meaningful purposes. Recent advancements in deep learning have begun to offer significant improvements in NLP task performance. These techniques have the potential to create new automated tools that could improve clinical workflows and unlock unstructured textual information contained in radiology and clinical reports for the development of radiology and clinical artificial intelligence applications.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Access: A Systematic Review of Intraoperative Assistive Technologies.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the current gold standard for the treatment of large and complex renal stone disease. It is a complex procedure that requires skill and experience. The most challenging step and key requisite of a successful PCNL is establishing optimal access to the renal collecting system with imaging modalities.