How Would Nature See Our Corneal Triumphs? The LXXIX Edward Jackson Lecture.

Purpose: To describe discrepancies between clinical observation and current teachings in corneal endothelial disease, particularly in Fuchs endothelial dystrophy and its potential association with primary open angle glaucoma.

Design: Perspective.

Methods: A perspective is presented on Fuchs dystrophy, a disorder that commonly presents with a compromised endothelium but minimal stromal edema, indicating that the corneal imbibition pressure is relatively "too high.

Intracorneal ring segment implantation in advanced Keratoconus.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation in eyes with advanced vs. mild/moderate keratoconus (KCN).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 141 eyes of 111 patients with KCN who underwent ICRS implantation.

Clinical outcomes of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty performed in eyes with keratoconus and corneal endothelial dysfunction.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcome of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) performed in eyes with comorbid keratoconus (KCN) and corneal endothelial dysfunction.

Methods: Twenty-five consecutive eyes of 14 patients with comorbid stable KCN underwent DMEK for corneal endothelial dysfunction; best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), maximum corneal curvature (Kmax), maximum corneal power (Pmax), central corneal thickness (CCT), and intra- and postoperative complications were assessed.

Results: Excluding eyes requiring re-transplantation for primary graft failure (n = 3), all eyes showed improvement in BSCVA, reaching ≥ 20/40 (0.

Bowman Layer Onlay Graft for Recurrent Corneal Erosions in Map-Dot-Fingerprint Dystrophy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe a case with recurrent corneal erosions who was treated with a Bowman layer (BL) onlay graft.

Method: BL onlay transplantation was performed.

Results: In a 79-year-old female patient who presented with bilateral map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy and a history of recurrent painful corneal erosions, BL onlay grafting was performed to restore the corneal surface.

DMEK with endophotocoagulation and cyst wall removal for corneal endothelial decompensation due to iris cyst.

Purpose: Iris cysts may arise secondary to surgical or nonsurgical trauma, potentially leading to corneal decompensation via mechanical injury to the adjacent endothelium. However, no well-established protocol exists for the treatment for corneal edema arising therefrom.

Observations: A 58-year-old white male presented with an iris mass of his left eye; it occupied 1/3rd the anterior chamber volume and directly contacted the corneal endothelium.

DMEK Without Postoperative Supine Posturing.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence of graft detachment after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) without postoperative supine posturing.

Methods: A total of 106 eyes of 84 patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy or bullous keratopathy (BK) were operated by a single experienced surgeon with DMEK with a 99% anterior chamber air bubble fill, recovered in an upright (seated) position, and then discharged without instructions to remain supine. Postoperatively, all eyes were evaluated for graft detachment through anterior segment optical coherence tomography at predetermined intervals (1 d, 1 wk, and 1 mo).

Preimplantation dehydration for corneal allogenic intrastromal ring segment implantation.

Corneal allogenic intrastromal ring segments (CAIRS) are semicircular pieces of donor corneal stroma, which may be surgically implanted to flatten keratoconic corneas. These segments can be trimmed to different thicknesses; whereas thicker segments confer greater flattening, their bulk renders them more technically challenging to insert. Consequently, thinner segments are often preferred, especially for starting surgeons.

Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets.

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Many therapeutic advances over the last two decades have led to an improvement in the survival of patients with metastatic PC, yet the majority of these patients still succumb to their disease. Antiagiogenic therapies have shown substantial benefits for many types of cancer but only a marginal benefit for PC.

Bowman Layer Onlay Grafting: Proof-of-Concept of a New Technique to Flatten Corneal Curvature and Reduce Progression in Keratoconus.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe a new surgical technique for flattening the corneal curvature and to reduce progression in eyes with advanced progressive keratoconus (KC) by using Bowman layer (BL) onlay grafting and to report on the preliminary outcomes of this procedure.

Methods: In this prospective interventional case series, 5 patients with advanced progressive KC underwent BL onlay grafting. After removal of the epithelium, a BL graft was placed and "stretched" onto the stroma, and a bandage lens was placed to cover the BL graft.

Flattening the curve: manual method for corneal allogenic intrastromal ring segment implantation.

Corneal allogenic ring segments are semicircular pieces of donor corneal stroma that may be surgically implanted to flatten keratoconic corneas. Conventionally, these donor segments are inserted into channels created using femtosecond laser dissection. However, access to femtosecond technology is not universal.

Bowman Layer Transplantation-A Review.

Bowman layer (BL) transplantation has been described for various indications, including the treatment of postrefractive corneal haze, postherpetic scarring, and keratoconus. The unique properties of the BL explain its versatility. Robust, thin, and acellular, transplanted BL inhibits stromal scarring, flattens ectatic corneas, and poses minimal risk of immune reaction.

Potential benefits of modified corneal tissue grafts for keratoconus: Bowman layer 'inlay' and 'onlay' transplantation, and allogenic tissue ring segments.

Purpose Of Review: Keratoconus can be surgically challenging, especially in advanced cases. Classic corneal transplantation techniques, may often be associated with complications. New alternative procedures like isolated Bowman layer transplantation (as a corneal stromal inlay or as a corneal onlay) and corneal allogenic intrastromal ring segments (CAIRS) have recently shown promising results.

Bowman Layer Onlay Graft for Reducing Fluctuation in Visual Acuity After Previous Radial Keratotomy.

Purpose: To describe the clinical outcome of a first patient undergoing Bowman layer (BL) transplantation with an onlay graft to reduce fluctuation in visual acuity and refractive error after previous radial keratotomy (RK) surgery.

Methods: In 2018, a 66-year-old woman presented with complaints of long-standing diurnal fluctuation in best-spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) after RK in 1983. After the removal of host epithelium, a BL graft was positioned onto the host cornea.

Bowman Layer Onlay Transplantation to Manage Herpes Corneal Scar.

Purpose: To introduce the concept of using a Bowman layer (BL) onlay graft to manage superficial herpetic corneal scarring and to describe the clinical outcomes of the first 2 cases undergoing this procedure.

Methods: Two patients with a quiescent superficial corneal scar after herpes (varicella zoster virus [n = 1] and herpes simplex virus [n = 1]) keratitis underwent BL onlay transplantation. After the removal of the host epithelium and limited superficial keratectomy, an isolated BL graft was placed onto the host corneal surface.

DMEK in Super-Seniors: Clinical Outcomes of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Performed in Patients ≥ 90 Years Old.

Purpose/aims Of The Study: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) performed in the "oldest old" patients, i.e. ≥ 90 years.

"Double-Bubble" Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Unfolding in Eyes With Deep Anterior Chambers and Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses.

Purpose: To describe a standardized technique for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty unfolding in eyes with deep anterior chambers and anterior chamber intraocular lenses (ACIOLs).

Methods: Two air bubbles are used simultaneously: the first placed on top of the graft and the second one underneath.

Results: The 2 bubbles work in concert-the bubble on top props the tissue partially open, while the bubble underneath levitates the graft away from the ACIOL and provides support for subsequent unfolding maneuvers.

Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage During Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: To describe two cases of suprachoroidal hemorrhage during Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: Two patients with pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK) underwent DMEK and proceeded to develop intraoperative suprachoroidal hemorrhage. Reports of both cases are documented, including potential risk factors, intraoperative events, and postoperative outcomes and interventions.