Large scale combustion synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes and their characterization.

Since its invention in 1991, premixed combustion synthesis of fullerenic materials has been established as the major industrial process for manufacturing of these materials. Large-scale production of fullerenes such as C60, C70 and C84 has been implemented. More recently, combustion technology has been extended to the targeted synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT).

Carbon nanotube formation and growth via particle-particle interaction.

Carbon nanotubes are observed to form under a wide range of temperatures, pressures, reactive agents, and catalyst metals. In this paper we attempt to rationalize this body of observations reported in the literature in terms of fundamental processes driving nanotube formation. Many of the observed effects can be attributed to the interaction of three key processes: surface catalysis and deposition of carbon, diffusive transport of carbon, and precipitation effects.

Effects of temperature and soil components on emissions from pyrolysis of pyrene-contaminated soil.

Effects of temperature and soil on yields and identities of light gases (H2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, CO, and CO2) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from thermal treatment of a pyrene-contaminated (5 wt%) soil in the absence of oxygen were determined for a U.S. EPA synthetic soil matrix prepared to proxy U.

A study on toxic organic emissions from batch combustion of styrene.

Results from a laboratory-scale investigation on batch combustion of styrene are reported herein. Limited quantities of waste styrene monomer are incinerated, however this monomer is, also, the primary pyrolyzate during combustion of waste polystyrene, the second most abundant polymer produced worldwide. Thus, its combustion-generated emissions are of importance to the operation of hazardous waste incinerators and municipal waste-to-energy powerplants.

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon and particulate emissions from two-stage combustion of polystyrene: the effects of the secondary furnace (afterburner) temperature and soot filtration.

Laboratory experiments were conducted in a two-stage horizontal muffle furnace in order to monitor emissions from batch combustion of polystyrene (PS) and identify conditions that minimize them. PS is a dominant component of municipal and hospital waste streams. Bench-scale combustion of small samples (0.