Antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention interventions targeting healthcare-associated and carbapenem-resistant infections: a scoping review.

Objectives: This study assessed antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and infection prevention (IP) interventions targeting healthcare-associated and carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) infections, their key outcomes and the application of behaviour change principles in these interventions.

Design: This scoping review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines while focusing on acute healthcare settings in both low-to-middle income and high-income countries.

Data Sources: The databases searched were MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL between 22 April 2020 and 30 September 2020.

Measles outbreak investigation process in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the methods and costs of contact tracing.

Aim: The occurrence of measles outbreaks has increased, and previously measles-free countries are experiencing a resurgence, making measles elimination by 2020 unlikely. Therefore, outbreak prevention and rapid response strategies will need to be intensified. This systematic review therefore examines whether contact tracing (CT) as compared to no CT is an effective means of reducing measles spread during outbreaks in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

The experiences of therapists providing psychological treatment for adults with depression and intellectual disabilities as part of a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Health professionals were trained to deliver adapted psychological interventions for depression to people with learning disabilities and depression alongside a supporter. Exploring the delivery of psychological interventions can help increase access to therapy.

Method: Twenty-seven participants took part in six focus groups, and the data were subject to a Framework Analysis.

An evaluation of an infection prevention link nurse programme in community hospitals and development of an implementation model.

Background: Little evidence exists to show the exact impact of the link nurse role in promoting best practice in infection prevention. This paper is a report of the implementation and evaluation of a link nurse programme for community hospitals across one NHS organisation.

Aim/objectives: The main aim of the study was to implement and evaluate an infection prevention link programme.

Sleep hygiene education and children with developmental disabilities: Findings from a co-design study.

This qualitative study develops a programme theory demonstrating the complexity embedded in sleep hygiene education (SHE) as an intervention to improve sleep problems in children with developmental disabilities. In co-design workshops, eight parents and six sleep practitioners deliberated themes developed from findings of an earlier exploratory study of stakeholder perceptions of SHE. A SHE tool underpinned by programme theory was developed evidenced by mid-range theories of change.

'This is Killing me Inside': The Impact of Having a Parent with Young-Onset Dementia.

This study explored the experience of young adults having a parent with young-onset dementia. In-depth interviews were undertaken with five participants aged between 23 and 36 years of age and these were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Participants were found to experience a number of stresses in relation to their parent's illness, many of which were linked to loss and guilt.

Perceptions and Discourses Relating to Genetic Testing: Interviews with People with Down Syndrome.

Background: The perceptions of individuals with Down syndrome are conspicuously absent in discussions about the use of prenatal testing.

Method: Eight individuals with Down syndrome were interviewed about their views and experience of the topic of prenatal testing.

Results: Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed two major themes with subthemes: (1) a devalued condition and a valued life and (2) a question of 'want?' Foucauldian discourse analysis highlighted two main discursive practices: (i) social deviance and (ii) tragedy and catastrophe of the birth of a baby with Down syndrome.

Working with uncertainty: A grounded theory study of health-care professionals' experiences of working with children and adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome.

This grounded theory study explores conceptualisations of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis from semi-structured interviews with 10 health-care professionals working with children and adolescents. The findings suggest that a lack of a clear empirical understanding of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis leads to 'working with uncertainty', whereby health-care professionals utilise previous experiences to make sense of the condition and inform their clinical practice. How health-care professionals make sense of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis may influence the labels given to young people and the interventions they receive.

'I'm really glad this is developmental': autism and social comparisons - an interpretative phenomenological analysis.

The present qualitative study comprised interviews with nine young people with autism (aged 16-21 years) about their perceptions of autism. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, three underlying themes were illuminated, and all these formed the superordinate theme Making Comparisons: (a) Changes over time: 'I'm really glad this is developmental'; (b) Degrees of autism: 'They've got it really bad'; and (c) Degrees of ability: 'I'm not really disabled-disabled'. Such comparisons were not explicitly sought at the outset of the study, and instead emerged from their conceptualisations of the autism concept.

Individual experiences of an acceptance-based pain management programme: an interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Acceptance of pain has been found to play an important role in adjusting to chronic pain, and the evidence-base is growing with regards to the effectiveness of acceptance-based interventions such as acceptance and commitment therapy, mindfulness and contextual cognitive behavioural therapy within pain management settings. Despite the growing interest in such interventions, previous studies into acceptance-based pain management programmes (PMPs) are quantitative and the exact processes at work during such programmes remain unknown. This study aims to add to previous quantitative research in the area by qualitatively exploring individual experiences of attending an acceptance-based PMP and identifying the key constituents of the programme that participants felt facilitated change.

Diagnosis, disclosure, and having autism: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of the perceptions of young people with autism.

Background: Although there is extensive research examining parental experiences of assessment and diagnosis of autism, there is a paucity of research from the perspective of individuals with autism.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine young people with high functioning autism who were capable of providing a verbal account of their perceptions of autism and diagnosis experiences. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Parental bereavement and the loss of a child with intellectual disabilities: a review of the literature.

Inequalities in health care and other risk factors mean that children with intellectual disabilities are more likely to predecease their parents. Research on the effects on family members when a child with intellectual disability dies is sparse. In the present review, the authors describe 5 studies of bereavement in intellectual disability and then turn to general parental bereavement research to inform the field of intellectual disability.