Effects of a Circuit Training Program on Myokine Levels in Insulin-Resistant Women: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Circuit training is a form of body conditioning with endurance and resistance components. Given the function of skeletal muscle as an endocrine organ secreting various myokines involved in maintaining glucose metabolism homeostasis, our study focused on estimating the impact of the implemented training program on the direction of changes in myokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), and irisin in women newly diagnosed with insulin resistance. This prospective controlled trial randomly divided 42 women into two groups.

A novel chitosan-peptide system for cartilage tissue engineering with adipose-derived stromal cells.

The natural healing process of cartilage injuries often fails to fully restore the tissue's biological and mechanical functions. Cartilage grafts are costly and require surgical intervention, often associated with complications such as intraoperative infection and rejection by the recipient due to ischemia. Novel tissue engineering technologies aim to ideally fill the cartilage defect to prevent disease progression or regenerate damaged tissue.

Erythrocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide concentration is enhanced by systematic sports participation.

Background: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+), and their reduced forms (NADH and NADPH) are the vital cofactors for most cellular oxidation/reduction reactions and therefore influence most critical pathways in cellular metabolism. This study aimed to predict the trends of age-related changes in erythrocyte NAD+ and NADP+ concentrations in elite athletes compared to untrained controls and to assess whether life-long physical training stimulates favorable adaptations in erythrocyte NAD(P)+ concentrations.

Methods: Erythrocyte concentrations of NAD+ and NADP+ were measured in 68 elite endurance runners (20-81 years), 58 elite sprinters (21-90 years), and 62 untrained individuals (20-68 years).

Exercise-induced response of proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic plasma free amino acids is sport-specific: A comparison of sprint and endurance athletes.

Circulating blood is an important plasma free amino acids (PFAAs) reservoir and a pivotal link between metabolic pathways. No comparisons are available between athletes with opposite training adaptations that include a broader spectrum of both proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids, and that take into account skeletal muscle mass. We hypothesized that the levels of the exercise-induced PFAAs concentration are related to the type of training-related metabolic adaptation.

A Comparison of the Effectiveness of the Serratus Anterior Plane Block and Erector Spinae Plane Block to that of the Paravertebral Block in the Surgical Treatment of Breast Cancer-A Randomized, Prospective, Single-Blinded Study.

The paravertebral block (PVB) is a well-studied, effective method of analgesia for breast surgery. Alternative techniques involving the blockage of intercostal nerve branches are the serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) and the erector spinae plane block (ESPB). However, no studies comparing both fascial blocks to PVB in breast surgery have been published to date.

Sex Differences in the Energy System Contribution during Sprint Exercise in Speed-Power and Endurance Athletes.

: A high level of specific metabolic capacity is essential for maximal sprinting in both male and female athletes. Various factors dictate sex differences in maximal power production and energy utilization. This study aims to compare the contribution of energy systems between male and female athletes with similar sport-specific physiological adaptations during a 15-s sprint exercise.

The contribution of energy systems during 15-second sprint exercise in athletes of different sports specializations.

Background: Long-term adaptations and ongoing training seem to modify the energy system contribution in highly trained individuals. We aimed to compare the energy metabolism profile during sprint exercise in athletes of different specialties.

Methods: Endurance ( = 17, 20.

Changes in Plasma Free Amino Acid Profile in Endurance Athletes over a 9-Month Training Cycle.

We aimed to evaluate long-term changes in proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic plasma free amino acids (PFAA). Eleven male endurance triathletes participated in a 9-month study. Blood was collected at rest, immediately after exhaustive exercise, and during 30-min recovery, in four consecutive training phases: transition, general, specific, and competition.

Exploring the correlation of skin temperature and body composition in athletes undergoing exhaustive physical exercise.

During strenuous exercise, skin temperature (Tsk) plays an essential role in thermoregulatory processes. As indicated in the literature, its response might be influenced by body composition, among other factors. Hence, the objectives of this investigation were to determine whether there is a correlation between selected body components, specifically fat tissue and muscle tissue, and Tsk during graded exercise and recovery in athletes, and to identify which body component exhibits the strongest correlation with Tsk.

Exercise-induced changes in lower limbs skin temperature against plasma ATP among individuals with various type and level of physical activity.

The objective of the study was to examine the lower limbs skin temperature (T) changes in response to exhaustive whole-body exercise in trained individuals in reference to changes in plasma adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Eighteen trained participants from distinct sport type ‒ endurance (25.2 ± 4.

Changes in red blood cell parameters during incremental exercise in highly trained athletes of different sport specializations.

Background: During physical exercise, the level of hematological parameters change depending on the intensity and duration of exercise and the individual's physical fitness. Research results, based on samples taken before and after exercise, suggest that hematological parameters increase during incremental exercise. However, there is no data confirming this beyond any doubt.

Development of hybrid biomicroparticles: cellulose exposing functionalized fusion proteins.

Background: One of the leading current trends in technology is the miniaturization of devices to the microscale and nanoscale. The highly advanced approaches are based on biological systems, subjected to bioengineering using chemical, enzymatic and recombinant methods. Here we have utilised the biological affinity towards cellulose of the cellulose binding domain (CBD) fused with recombinant proteins.

Response of skin temperature, blood ammonia and lactate during incremental exercise until exhaustion in elite athletes.

The study aimed to evaluate the lower limb skin temperature (Tsk) and blood concentrations of lactate (LA) and ammonia (NH) during exercise and recovery. Eleven elite sprint athletes (25 ± 3.4 yrs) and 11 elite endurance athletes (24.

Chemotherapy-Mediated Complications of Wound Healing: An Understudied Side Effect.

Chemotherapy is a primary method to treat cancer. While chemotherapeutic drugs are designed to target rapidly dividing cancer cells, they can also affect other cell types. In the case of dermal cells and macrophages involved in wound healing, cytotoxicity often leads to the development of chronic wounds.

In search of biomarkers for low back pain: can traction therapy effectiveness be prognosed by surface electromyography or blood parameters?

Lumbar traction therapy is a common method to reduce low back pain (LBP) but is not always effective. The search for biomarkers that would prognose the effectiveness of LBP management is one priority for improving patients' quality of life. 1) To determine the phenotype of patients benefiting most from lumbar traction therapy.

Effects of Acute Beetroot Juice and Sodium Nitrate on Selected Blood Metabolites and Response to Transient Ischemia: A Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Modification of the nitrate (NO)-nitrite (NO)-nitric oxide (NO) pathway can be induced by oral intake of inorganic NO (NIT) or NO-rich products, such as beetroot juice (BRJ).

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma changes in betaine, choline, trimethylamine (TMA), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and NO/NO (NO) concentrations over 4 h after single oral ingestion of NIT or BRJ. The flow-mediated skin fluorescence (FMSF) method was applied to measure the changes in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (NADH) in response to transient ischemia and reperfusion.

Effects of Pilates Training on Cardiorespiratory Functions in Medical Conditions - Comprehensive Approach: A Narrative Review.

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is established as a clinical vital sign in therapeutic strategy to restoring health of patients in medical conditions inclusive of age-related diseases. The beneficial effects of Pilates training (PT) are recognized for various aspects of health and fitness, but limited data present an impact on cardiorespiratory fitness. Thus, the current narrative review discusses the impact of the PT interventions on indicators of cardiorespiratory function among different patient groups to identify the mechanisms linking CRF with PT.

MOTS-c Serum Concentration Positively Correlates with Lower-Body Muscle Strength and Is Not Related to Maximal Oxygen Uptake-A Preliminary Study.

The mitochondrial open reading frame of 12S rRNA-c (MOTS-c) is a mitochondrial-derived peptide that regulates the nuclear genome during stressful conditions such as hypoxia, which is typical of exercise and training. We aim to mainly investigate the relationship between serum MOTS-c concentration and muscle strength parameters measured during the countermovement jump test with oxygen consumption (VO2) measured during the cardiopulmonary exercise test to exhaustion. Physically active healthy volunteers (17 male, three female, median age 30 years), not involved in any regular exercise program or participating in any sports competitions, performed five consecutive countermovement jump tests and cardiopulmonary exercise tests until maximal exhaustion and underwent a body composition assessment by means of bioelectrical impedance analysis, and had serum MOTS-c concentration measured at rest.

Treatment of Fournier's gangrene with negative pressure wound therapy in the course of sepsis - Case report.

Introduction: Fournier's Gangrene is a severe and rapidly progressing necrotic infection of the skin and fascia that can affect the external genitals, perineum, anus, and abdomen. It can extend to the abdominal cavity and result in necrosis of the soft tissue with a high mortality rate. This case gives a unique perspective on managing such a complicated infection in a smaller community hospital.

Effect of a 3-month L-carnitine supplementation and resistance training program on circulating markers and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Higher circulating levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), which is a metabolite that can be produced by the gut microbiota from L-carnitine (LC), have been associated with bone mineral density (BMD). Because LC supplementation can improve bone density and microstructural properties in animal models, this study aimed to examine the effects of 12 weeks of LC supplementation on BMD and selected blood markers involved in bone metabolism of postmenopausal women participating in a resistance training (RT) program.

Methods: Twenty-seven postmenopausal women, who had not been treated for osteoporosis, with a total T-score above - 3.

Sports Participation Promotes Beneficial Adaptations in the Erythrocyte Guanylate Nucleotide Pool in Male Athletes Aged 20-90 Years.

Introduction: The guanine nucleotide pool (GTP, guanosine-5'-triphosphate; GDP, guanosine-5'-diphosphate, and GMP, guanosine-5'-monophosphate) is an essential energy donor in various biological processes (eg protein synthesis and gluconeogenesis) and secures several vital regulatory functions in the human body. The study aimed to predict the trends of age-related changes in erythrocyte guanine nucleotides and examine whether competitive sport and related physical training promote beneficial adaptations in erythrocyte guanylate concentrations.

Methods: The study included 86 elite endurance runners (EN) aged 20-81 years, 58 sprint-trained athletes (SP) aged 21-90 years, and 62 untrained individuals (CO) aged 20-68 years.

Serum fatty acid profiles in breast cancer patients following treatment.

Background: Breast cancer is associated with alterations in lipid metabolism. The treatment of breast cancer can also affect serum lipid composition. The purpose of this study was the examination of serum fatty acids (FAs) profiles in breast cancer survivors to assess if the FA levels normalize.