The effect of gD-derived peptides on T cell immune response mediated by BTLA-HVEM protein complex in melanoma patients.

Introduction: The effector function of T cells is regulated via immune checkpoints, activating or inhibiting the immune response. The BTLA-HVEM complex, the inhibitory immune checkpoint, may act as one of the tumor immune escape mechanisms. Therefore, interfering with the binding of these proteins can prove beneficial in cancer treatment.

Targeting BTLA with the peptide inhibitor HVEM(14-39) - A new way to restore the activity of T cells in melanoma.

The complex of B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) and herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) plays a critical role in immune regulation and has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this study, we investigated the potential of the peptide inhibitor HVEM(14-39) to restore peripheral T cell activity in patients with advanced melanoma. In these patients, CD8+ T cells downregulated BTLA expression and increased HVEM expression upon activation.

Radiotherapy-induced dynamic changes in the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in patients with laryngeal cancer indicate poor prognosis.

Aim: We hypothesized that markers of inflammation correlate with response to radiotherapy in patients with non-metastatic laryngeal cancer (LC). Our aim was to assess peripheral and local markers of inflammation including lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), infiltrating CD8+ lymphocytes (TILsCD8), and programmed death 1 ligand (PD-L1) expression.

Methods: We performed a retrospective single-center analysis of LC patients administered definitive (R-RT) or postoperative radiotherapy (PORT).

The Effectiveness of Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Retreatment and Rechallenge-A Systematic Review.

Despite a great success of immunotherapy in cancer treatment, a great number of patients will become resistant. This review summarizes recent reports on immune checkpoint inhibitor retreatment or rechallenge in order to overcome primary resistance. The systematic review was performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

Hypofractionated radiotherapy for renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumour thrombus.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) constitutes about 3% of all malignant neoplasms in adults. Clear cell carcinoma is the most frequent type, accounting for about 65% of cases. It tends to invade the veins and form tumour thrombi in inferior vena cava (IVC-TT), occasionally reaching the right atrium.

Management of Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas: A Case-Based Review of Clinical Aspects and Perspectives.

Paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma are rare medical conditions. Thus, there are still a small number of studies, clinical trials, and evidence-based data in this field. This makes clinical decisions more difficult.

Chronological Trends in Progression-Free, Overall, and Post-Progression Survival in First-Line Therapy for Advanced NSCLC.

Background: There is a debate about the merits of progression-free survival (PFS) versus overall survival (OS) as primary endpoints in NSCLC. It has been postulated that post-progression therapy may influence OS in both arms. To investigate this issue, we analyzed chronological trends in PFS and OS in advanced NSCLC using restricted mean survival times (RMSTs).

Evaluation of peripheral blood T lymphocyte surface activation markers and transcription factors in patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Lung cancer cells harboring multiple mutations as a consequence of long-term damage by different etiologic factors are responsible for high immunogenicity. Immune checkpoint inhibitors significantly improve treatment results in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, the role of T-lymphocytes in early NSCLC has not been sufficiently elucidated.

Changes in systemic immune response after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy. Preliminary results of a prospective study in patients with early lung cancer.

INTRODUCTION    Non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common lung tumor. Conventional conservative treatment in medically inoperable patients with early stage NSCLC has poor outcome. To improve treatment efficacy, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has been developed, which enables the delivery of high‑dose radiation to the tumor.

Spectroscopic studies of the equilibrium between complexes of lasalocid acid with propargylamine and metal cations.

The molecular structure of 1:1 complex formed between the naturally occurring polyether ionophore, called lasalocid acid (LAS) and propargylamine (PROP) is studied by X-ray, FT-IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and ESI-MS methods. The complex formed between deprotonated LAS acid and protonated PROP molecule is stabilized by intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds. The protons of the protonated amine group are hydrogen bonded to etheric and hydroxyl oxygen atoms of the LAS anion.

Synthesis, antiproliferative and antibacterial evaluation of C-ring modified colchicine analogues.

A series of 10 amine derivatives of colchicine have been obtained with high yields by modification at C(10)-OCH3 position of C-ring and characterized by spectroscopic methods. In vitro cytotoxicity has been evaluated against four human tumour cell lines (HL-60, HL-60/vinc, LoVo, LoVo/DX), as well as antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE). From among the compounds tested the most active is colchicine derivative 2h with bis(2-methoxyethyl)amine substituent which is active in nanomolar to submicromolar concentrations and is several times more cytotoxic than cisplatin and doxorubicin.

Spectroscopic, crystallographic and theoretical studies of lasalocid complex with ammonia and benzylamine.

A natural antibiotic--Lasalocid is able to form stable complexes with ammonia and organic amines. New complexes of lasalocid with benzylamine and ammonia were obtained in the crystal forms and studied using X-ray, FT-IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and DFT methods. These studies have shown that in both complexes the proton is transferred from the carboxylic group to the amine group with the formation of a pseudo-cyclic structure of lasalocid anion complexing the protonated amine or NH4(+) cation.

One-pot synthesis and cytotoxicity studies of new Mannich base derivatives of polyether antibiotic--lasalocid acid.

Seven Mannich base derivatives of polyether antibiotic Lasalocid acid (2a-2g) were synthesized and screened for their antiproliferative activity against various human cancer cell lines. A novel chemoselective one-pot synthesis of these Mannich bases was developed. Compounds 2a-2c and 2g with sterically smaller dialkylamine substituent, displayed potent antiproliferative activity (IC50: 3.

Structures and properties of naturally occurring polyether antibiotics.

Polyether ionophores represent a large group of natural, biologically active substances produced by Streptomyces spp. They are lipid soluble and able to transport metal cations across cell membranes. Several of polyether ionophores are widely used as growth promoters in veterinary.

Synthesis, FT-IR, ¹H, ¹³CNMR, ESI MS and PM5 studies of a new Mannich base of polyether antibiotic - Lasalocid acid and its complexes with Li⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺ cations.

The polyether antibiotic Lasalocid acid has been converted to its Mannich base derivative by a chemoselective one-pot reaction with formaldehyde and morpholine through the decarboxylation process. Spectroscopic studies of the structure of this new derivative have shown that in this ortho-phenol Mannich base the O-H⋯N intarmolecular hydrogen bond is present. The compound forms complexes with Li(+), Na(+) and K(+) cations of exclusively 1:1 stoichiometry.