The Genotoxic and Pro-Apoptotic Activities of Advanced Glycation End-Products (MAGE) Measured with Micronuclei Assay Are Inhibited by Their Low Molecular Mass Counterparts.

An association between the cancer invasive activities of cells and their exposure to advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) was described early in some reports. An incubation of cells with BSA-AGE (bovine serum albumin-AGE), BSA-carboxymethyllysine and BSA-methylglyoxal (BSA-MG) resulted in a significant increase in DNA damage. We examined the genotoxic activity of new products synthesized under nonaqueous conditions.

Can high dose rates used in cancer radiotherapy change therapeutic effectiveness?

Current cancer radiotherapy relies on increasingly high dose rates of ionising radiation (100-2400 cGy/min). It is possible that changing dose rates is not paralleled by treatment effectiveness. Irradiating cancer cells is assumed to induce molecular alterations that ultimately lead to apoptotic death.

Antioxidant activity and protective effects against oxidative damage of human cells induced by X-radiation of phenolic glycosides isolated from pepper fruits Capsicum annuum L.

The antioxidant and radioprotective effects of the phenolic glycosides from Capsicum annuum L. were examined. There were: sinapoyl-E-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside-7-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside and luteolin-7-O-(2-apiosyl)-glucoside.

VDR gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and their association with risk of oral cavity carcinoma.

Vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3 (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3)) is a hormone playing a crucial role in numerous biological processes in the human body, including induction and control of cell proliferation and differentiation. Numerous data relate the vitamin D3 level with various types of cancer. It has been suggested that SNPs in the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) gene might influence both the risk of cancer occurrence and cancer progression.

Bystander effects induced by direct and scattered radiation generated during penetration of medium inside a water phantom.

Background: The biological effects of ionizing radiation have long been thought to results from direct targeting of the nucleus leading to DNA damage. Over the years, a number of non-targeted or epigenetic effects of radiation exposure have been reported where genetic damage occurs in cells that are not directly irradiated but respond to signals transmitted from irradiated cells, a phenomenon termed the "bystander effects".

Aim: We compared the direct and bystander responses of human A 549, BEAS-2-B and NHDF cell lines exposed to both photon (6 MV) and electron (22 MeV) radiation inside a water phantom.

Bystander effects induced by medium from irradiated cells: similar transcriptome responses in irradiated and bystander K562 cells.

Purpose: Cells exposed to ionizing radiation release factors that induce deoxyribonucleic acid damage, chromosomal instability, apoptosis, and changes in the proliferation rate of neighboring unexposed cells, phenomena known as bystander effects. This work analyzes and compares changes in global transcript levels induced by direct irradiation and by bystander effects in K562 (human erythroleukemia) cells.

Methods And Materials: Cells were X-irradiated with 4 Gy or transferred into culture medium collected from cells 1 h after irradiation (irradiation-conditioned medium).

[SNP polymorphism of LGALS3BP gene in patients with benign and malignant thyroid tumours].

Introduction: The aim of the study was estimation of occurrence of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) sites in LGALS3BP gene in patients with benign and malignant thyroid tumors and analysis of correlation between their frequency and the histological type of thyroid lesions.

Material And Methods: The studied group consisted of 58 patients, 24 with papillary thyroid carcinomas, 19 with nodular goiters and 15 with follicular adenomas. Control group included 180 healthy volunteers.

The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of conjugated trans-2-nonenal (T2N), an off-flavor compound in beer and heat processed food arising from lipid oxidation.

This study investigates the toxic effect of E(2)nonenal (trans-2-nonenal, T2N) and its conjugate with horse muscle myoglobin (Mb) tested on murine cell line L929 and human cell line A549, as well as the genotoxic effect of these compounds assayed by measuring of micronuclei in human cells K562. It is an aldehyde, which is occurring as the substance responsible for an off flavour in aged beers, but originates also from lipid oxidation in heat processed food. T2N is an aldehyde formed from linoleic acid as a secondary oxidation product.

Thiamine prevents X-ray induction of genetic changes in human lymphocytes in vitro.

The effects of thiamine (vitamin B1) on the level of spontaneous or radiation-induced genetic changes in human lymphocytes in vitro were studied. Cultured lymphocytes were exposed to increasing concentrations of thiamine (0-500 microg/ml) and irradiated with X-rays. The DNA damage was estimated as the frequency of micronuclei and apoptotic or necrotic morphological changes in fixed cells.

The nuclear protein p30 specifically interacts with a nuclear matrix attachment region from the rat genome.

In our previous study, a 454 bp DNA fragment was isolated from rat genomic DNA as an element which interacts with nuclear matrix proteins, i.e. a Matrix Associated Region (MAR).