The potential role of urbanization in the resistance to organophosphate insecticide in from Tunisia.

Objective: To examine the effects of urbanization on the resistance status of field populations of to organophosphate insecticide.

Methods: Bioassays and biochemical assays were conducted on Tunisian field populations of collected in four various areas differing in the degree of urbanization. Late third and early fourth larvae were used for bioassays with chlorpyrifos and adults mosquitoes for biochemical assays including esterase and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activities.

Evaluation of resistance to temephos insecticide in larvae collected from three districts of Tunisia.

Background: Mosquitoes are considered as the main groups of arthropods that cause nuisance and public health problems.

Objectives: Evaluation of resistance to temephos insecticide in larvae collected from three districts of Tunisia.

Methods: Late third and early fourth instars larvae of were collected in three localities of Northern and Southern Tunisia.

Resistance status to deltamethrin pyrethroid of (Diptera: Culicidae) collected from three districts of Tunisia.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the susceptibility status of populations against deltamehtrin insecticide.

Methods: Larvae of were collected from three breeding places in Northern and Southern Tunisia between 2003 and 2005. Early third and late fourth instars were tested against deltamethrin pyrethroid insecticide.

Resistance development and insecticide susceptibility in , an important vector of human diseases, against selection pressure of temephos and its relationship to cross-resistance towards organophosphates and pyrethroids insecticides.

Background: is an important vector of human diseases.

Objective: To determine the insecticide resistance development in against selection pressure of temephos..

First study of susceptibility and resistance status to pyrethroids insecticides in (Theobald, 1907) from Southern Tunisia.

Background: Insecticide resistance is an important threat to malaria control. proved to be the number one vector in the oases and may be of a particular interest in projection of the future trends of the disease in Tunisia.

Objectives: Resistance status to pyrethroids insecticides in was evaluated for the first time in Tunisia.

First studies showing high temephos resistance in (: from Tunisia.

Background: Despite the public health importance of , their resistance status to temephos insecticide has not, to our knowledge, been explored.

Objectives: The present study was carried out to determine the temephos resistance status of field populations of from Tunisia.

Methods: Six field populations of were collected as larvae from breeding sites of Northern and Central Tunisia.

Airport malaria: report of four cases in Tunisia.

Four cases of airport malaria were notified for the first time in Tunisia during the summer of 2013. All patients were neighbours living within 2 km of Tunis International Airport. They had no history of travel to malarious countries, of blood transfusion or of intravenous drug use.

Larval habitats characterization and species composition of Anopheles mosquitoes in Tunisia, with particular attention to Anopheles maculipennis complex.

In Tunisia, malaria transmission has been interrupted since 1980. However, the growing number of imported cases and the persistence of putative vectors stress the need for additional studies to assess the risk of malaria resurgence in the country. In this context, our aim was to update entomological data concerning Anopheles mosquitoes in Tunisia.

Culex pipiens, an experimental efficient vector of West Nile and Rift Valley fever viruses in the Maghreb region.

West Nile fever (WNF) and Rift Valley fever (RVF) are emerging diseases causing epidemics outside their natural range of distribution. West Nile virus (WNV) circulates widely and harmlessly in the old world among birds as amplifying hosts, and horses and humans as accidental dead-end hosts. Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) re-emerges periodically in Africa causing massive outbreaks.

Resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) from Tunisia.

Resistance toward 2 pyrethroïd insecticides (permethrin and deltamethrin), and an organochloric one (DDT) was analyzed in 18 samples of Culex pipiens pipiens common mosquitoes collected from different Tunisian areas between March 2002 and November 2005. Bioassays were performed over different larvae samples. The recorded mortalities, after 24h exposure to increased doses of insecticides, were compared to those obtained on a susceptible reference strain (S-LAB).