Psychosocial risks and resources at work and employee wellbeing in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: time series of cross-sections.

Objective: We examined the relationships between psychosocial factors and employee wellbeing in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Survey data were from Finnish public sector employees from 2018 (T1 = before), 2020 (T2 = during), and 2022 (T3 = after the pandemic) (n = 29,360). Employee wellbeing was measured with self-rated health, work ability, and recovery from work.

Trajectories of work ability and associated work unit characteristics from pre-COVID to post-COVID pandemic period.

Objectives: To identify trajectories of work ability from pre-COVID to post-COVID-19 pandemic period and to examine work unit characteristics associated with these trajectories.

Methods: The study population was a cohort of Finnish public sector employees (n=54 651) followed from 2016 until 2022. We used trajectory analysis to identify trajectories of work ability and multinomial regression to examine their associations with prepandemic work unit characteristics and pandemic-related changes at workplaces.

Estimating risk of loneliness in adulthood using survey-based prediction models: A cohort study.

It is widely accepted that loneliness is associated with health problems, but less is known about the predictors of loneliness. In this study, we constructed a model to predict individual risk of loneliness during adulthood. Data were from the prospective population-based FinHealth cohort study with 3444 participants (mean age 55.

Predicting long-term sickness absence with employee questionnaires and administrative records: a prospective cohort study of hospital employees.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the utility of risk estimation derived from questionnaires and administrative records in predicting long-term sickness absence among shift workers.

Methods: This prospective cohort study comprised 3197 shift-working hospital employees (mean age 44.5 years, 88.

Prediction of violence or threat of violence among employees in social work, healthcare and education: the Finnish Public Sector cohort study.

Objectives: To develop a risk prediction algorithm for identifying work units with increased risk of violence in the workplace.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Public sector employees in Finland.

Predicting work disability among people with chronic conditions: a prospective cohort study.

Few risk prediction scores are available to identify people at increased risk of work disability, particularly for those with an existing morbidity. We examined the predictive performance of disability risk scores for employees with chronic disease. We used prospective data from 88,521 employed participants (mean age 43.

Prediction of bullying at work: A data-driven analysis of the Finnish public sector cohort study.

Aim: To determine the extent to which change in (i.e., start and end of) workplace bullying can be predicted by employee responses to standard workplace surveys.

A measure for assessment of beneficial and harmful fortitude: development and initial validation of the Sisu Scale.

Sisu is a Finnish cultural concept that denotes determination and resoluteness in the face of adversity. We propose that sisu will supplement the English-language based research on mental fortitude traits. Sisu has not been the focus of systematic research until very recently.

Big Five personality traits and COVID-19 precautionary behaviors among older adults in Europe.

Objectives: Taking precautions against COVID-19 is important among older adults who have a greater risk for severe illness if infected. We examined whether Big Five personality traits are associated with COVID-19 precautionary behaviors among older adults in Europe.

Method: We used data from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe ( = 34 629).

Socioeconomic inequalities in impairment associated with depressive symptoms: Evidence from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Objective: Individuals with low socioeconomic status have higher rates of depression, but it is unknown whether the socioeconomically disadvantaged also have more disabling depressive symptoms. We examined (1) the associations of three indicators of socioeconomic status with depression-related severe role impairment, and (2) whether socioeconomic factors moderate the association between individual depression symptoms and depression-related severe role impairment.

Methods: We used data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

Subclinical hypothyroidism and symptoms of depression: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES).

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism has been associated with increased risk for depression, yet the findings remain controversial. It is possible that subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with some, but not all symptoms of depression. We examined symptom-specific associations between depression and subclinical hypothyroidism.

Testosterone and specific symptoms of depression: Evidence from NHANES 2011-2016.

Testosterone is one possible biomarker for depression risk among men and women. Both high and low levels of testosterone have been associated with depression, at least among men. Testosterone may be associated only with specific symptoms of depression, which might help to explain inconsistencies in previous results.

Specific symptoms of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) in predicting persistence of psychological distress: Data from two prospective cohort studies.

Persistent psychological distress is more harmful than transient psychological distress, but little is known about the development of persistent distress. We examined whether some specific symptoms of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were more important than others in predicting the persistence of psychological distress over a 3-year follow-up period among individuals who had at least moderate psychological distress at baseline (GHQ≥3). Participants were from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS; n = 6430) and British Household Panel Survey (BHPS; n = 5954).

Association of depressive symptoms with health care utilization in older adults: Longitudinal evidence from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe.

Objectives: Many older adults with depression do not receive adequate treatment. Differences in treatment utilization may reflect the heterogeneous nature of depression, encompassing multiple distinct symptoms. We assessed whether depressive symptoms are differentially associated with subsequent health care utilization with respect to three outcomes as follows: (1) contact with a medical doctor (MD), (2) depression-specific treatment, and (3) inpatient psychiatric admission.

Network dynamics of depressive symptoms in antidepressant medication treatment: secondary analysis of eight clinical trials.

Depression can be viewed as a network of depressive symptoms that tend to reinforce each other via feedback loops. Specific symptoms of depression may be differently responsive to antidepressant treatment, and some symptoms may be more important than others in the overall improvement of depression associated with treatment. We pooled prospective data from eight industry-sponsored placebo-controlled trials for paroxetine, fluoxetine and imipramine (total n = 3559) to examine whether improvements in specific depressive symptoms were more strongly related to improvements in other depressive symptoms among patients on active antidepressant treatment as compared to placebo.

Connectivity of depression symptoms before and after diagnosis of a chronic disease: A network analysis in the U.S. Health and Retirement Study.

Background: Many chronic diseases increase the risk of depressive symptoms, but few studies have examined whether these diseases also affect the composition of symptoms a person is likely to experience. As the risk and progression of depression may vary between chronic diseases, we used network analysis to examine how depression symptoms are connected before and after the diagnosis of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and cancer.

Methods: Participants (N = 7779) were from the longitudinal survey of the Health and Retirement Study.

Personality, disability-free life years, and life expectancy: Individual participant meta-analysis of 131,195 individuals from 10 cohort studies.

Objective: We examined how personality traits of the Five Factor Model were related to years of healthy life years lost (mortality and disability) for individuals and the population.

Method: Participants were 131,195 individuals from 10 cohort studies from Australia, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States (n = 43,935 from seven cohort studies for the longitudinal analysis of disability, assessed using scales of Activities of Daily Living).

Results: Lower Conscientiousness was associated with higher mortality and disability risk, but only when Conscientiousness was below its median level.

Health behaviors and psychological distress: changing associations between 1997 and 2016 in the United States.

Objectives: Smoking rates have declined with a slower pace among those with psychological distress compared to those without. We examined whether other health behaviors (heavy alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, short sleep duration) showed similar trends associated with psychological distress. We also examined differences by age and birth cohort.

Chronic diseases and social risk factors in relation to specific symptoms of depression: Evidence from the U.S. national health and nutrition examination surveys.

Background: Depression is a heterogeneous mental disorder with multiple symptoms, but only few studies have examined whether associations of risk factors with depression are symptom-specific. We examined whether chronic diseases and social risk factors (poverty, divorce, and perceived lack of emotional support) are differently associated with somatic and cognitive/affective symptoms of depression.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were based on individual-level data from the 31,191 participants of six cross-sectional U.

The effect of smoking cessation on work disability risk: a longitudinal study analysing observational data as non-randomized nested pseudo-trials.

Background: Smoking increases disability risk, but the extent to which smoking cessation reduces the risk of work disability is unclear. We used non-randomized nested pseudo-trials to estimate the benefits of smoking cessation for preventing work disability.

Methods: We analysed longitudinal data on smoking status and work disability [long-term sickness absence (≥90 days) or disability pension] from two independent prospective cohort studies-the Finnish Public Sector study (FPS) (n = 7393) and the Health and Social Support study (HeSSup) (n = 2701)-as 'nested pseudo-trials'.

Does increasing physical activity reduce the excess risk of work disability among overweight individuals?

Objectives We examined the extent to which an increase in physical activity would reduce the excess risk of work disability among overweight and obese people (body mass index ≥ 25kg/m ). Methods We used counterfactual modelling approaches to analyze longitudinal data from two Finnish prospective cohort studies (total N=38 744). Weight, height and physical activity were obtained from surveys and assessed twice and linked to electronic records of two indicators of long-term work disability (≥90-day sickness absence and disability pension) for a 7-year follow-up after the latter survey.

Author Correction: Development and validation of a risk prediction model for work disability: multicohort study.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.

Prediction of long-term absence due to sickness in employees: development and validation of a multifactorial risk score in two cohort studies.

Objectives This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for long-term sickness absence. Methods Survey responses on work- and lifestyle-related questions from 65 775 public-sector employees were linked to sickness absence records to develop a prediction score for medically-certified sickness absence lasting >9 days and ≥90 days. The score was externally validated using data from an independent population-based cohort of 13 527 employees.