Composite crosses result from the mating of two or more distinct cattle breeds. Breeding performance may improve rapidly using a well-organized composite breeding system and a clear selection index. The KiwiCross is a popular composite cross in New Zealand, combining Holstein-Friesian (high milk production) and Jersey (high milk fat).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: The Malaysian government has implemented various antismoking measures to reduce the incidence of unhealthy lifestyles within the population. This study analyzes the baseline data of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study to establish the prevalence of sociodemographic factors that are associated with smoking habits among Malaysian adults.
Methods: This study was carried out in urban and rural communities with adults aged between 35 and 70 years using purposive sampling.
This study presents the first evidence of microplastics in natural sea turtle nests at Chagar Hutang Turtle Sanctuary (CHTS) on Redang Island, a crucial habitat for green turtles. Microplastics were detected in all studied turtle nests (0-70 cm depth), with a total abundance of 12,270 microplastic items per kg dry weight of sand. Fibers (80.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: A comprehensive understanding of the renal vascular anatomy variations is paramount to a successful kidney transplant. This reduces vascular injury risks and minimizes ischemia duration, optimizing surgical outcomes. The current study aims to assess the accuracy of renal computed tomography angiography (CTA) findings of live renal donors by comparing them with intraoperative findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: We aim to assess the ability of artificial intelligence (AI) to generate patient educational videos for various corneal refractive surgeries.
Methods: Three AI text-to-video platforms (InVideo (San Francisco, CA), ClipTalk (San Francisco, CA), and EasyVid (Los Angeles, CA)) were used to create patient educational videos for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), respectively. Videos for LASIK and PRK from the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) and a SMILE video from Zeiss served as controls for each surgery.
Introduction: Heterogeneity of the clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may lead to diagnostic delays. This study is aimed at determining the health-seeking behaviour patterns and factors associated with diagnostic delays in a multi-ethnic SLE cohort in Malaysia.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study involving SLE patients who visited our institute between January 2020 and June 2021.
Purpose: The aim is to assess for any lasting changes in corneal densitometry (CD) in patients who underwent small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and developed early transient postoperative corneal haze.
Methods: This retrospective chart review analyzed 98 eyes from 49 patients who underwent SMILE at the Hoopes Vision Clinic and had one-year postoperative Pentacam CD (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany). These were compared to 78 eyes from 42 unoperated myopic control patients with documented CD measurements.
Nitrogen dioxide (NO) is a major cause of respiratory disorders in outdoor and indoor environments. Real-time NO monitoring using nonintrusive wearable devices can save lives and provide valuable health data. This study reports a room-temperature, wearable, and flexible smart NO gas sensor fabricated via cost-effective printing technology on a polyimide substrate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Surveys on Patient Safety Culture™ Hospital Survey (HSOPSC) developed by the U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) has been adopted worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the frequency and causes of parental lumbar puncture refusal for their children.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Central Child Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from October 1, 2021, to April 1, 2022, and comprised children aged at least >1 month at the emergency department who had been advised to undergo lumbar puncture. Data from the mother of the child was collected using an interviewbased questionnaire, exploring.
Introduction: The third most prevalent malignant neoplasm involving the urinary tract is renal cell carcinoma (RCC), encompassing nearly 3.5% of the entire cancers afflicting the body. The aim of this research was to explore how the R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic selection and extensive use of a few elite bulls through artificial insemination are leading to reduced genetic diversity in Jersey cattle. Conservation of genetic diversity through gene banks can protect a breed's genetic diversity and genetic gain, ensuring continued genetic advancement in the future. The availability of genomic information in the US National Animal Germplasm Program (NAGP) facilitates characterization of Jersey bulls in the germplasm collection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between lens thickness and cataract in participants aged 0 to 5 years.
Design: This was a prospective, multicenter, case-control study.
Participants: We enrolled 118 participants (171 eyes) aged 0 to 5 years, mean age 14.
Polymer materials have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical properties and diverse industrial applications. Understanding the glass transition temperature () of polymers is critical to prevent operational failures at specific temperatures. Traditional methods for measuring , such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis, while accurate, are often time-consuming, costly, and susceptible to inaccuracies due to random and uncertain factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The evolution of artificial intelligence has introduced new ways to disseminate health information, including natural language processing models like ChatGPT. However, the quality and readability of such digitally generated information remains understudied. This study is the first to compare the quality and readability of digitally generated health information against leaflets produced by professionals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBone fractures represent a significant health issue and impose a considerable burden on healthcare systems globally. However, data pertaining to bone fractures, especially among reproductive-age women in Malaysia, are very limited. Micronutrients like calcium, magnesium and phosphorus play vital roles in bone health, influencing bone mineral density and fracture risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Amphetamine-based medications such as Adderall, used for the treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), may theoretically elicit angle closure through their adrenergic mechanisms. The relationship between the use of implantable collamer lenses (ICLs) and angle closure has been extensively investigated based on appropriate vault and lens sizing and postoperative changes in the anterior chamber angle (ACA) and corneal morphology. This case reflects a synergistic impact from both Adderall use and ICL implantation for the proposed mechanism of angle closure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Risk perception plays important role in motivating preventive health behaviours. The objective of this systematic review was to explore the level of diabetes risk perception among individuals with and without apparent risk for diabetes, and to consider the effect of environmental factors on the level of diabetes risk perception.
Methods: This systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
While significant advances have been made in exploring and uncovering the promising potential of biomagnetic materials, persistent challenges remain on various fronts, notably in the characterization of individual elements. This study makes use of advanced modes of Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) and tailored MFM probes to characterize individual magnetotactic bacteria in different environments. The characterization of these elements posed a significant challenge, as the magnetosomes, besides presenting low magnetic signal, are embedded in bacteria of much larger size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may stem from exposure to environmental pollutants such as heavy metals. The primary objective of this study is to determine the role of heavy metals of concern such as manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and essential trace element selenium (Se) among ASD children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Method: A total of 155 preschoolers in Kuala Lumpur between the ages 3 to 6 participated in an unmatched case-control study, comprising ASD children ( = 81) recruited from an early intervention program for autism, and 74 children without autism who were recruited from public preschools.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had tremendous implications for billions of adolescents worldwide due to school closures, forcing students to embrace internet usage for daily tasks. Uncontrolled use of the internet among adolescents makes them vulnerable to internet addiction (IA). This study aims to determine the prevalence of IA among adolescents and assess its association with sociodemographic factors, smartphone use, and psychological distress during the pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The impact of the most recent advances, including targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors, on early (3-month) mortality in lung cancer is unknown. The aims of this study were to evaluate the real-world rate of and risk factors for early mortality, as well as trends in early mortality over the last 20 years.
Materials And Methods: The KBP prospective observational multicenter studies have been conducted every 10 years since 2000.
Introduction: The older adults (OA) is vulnerable to malnutrition, which may affect their health and quality of life. This study assesses the prevalence of deficiencies in dietary nutrients among the Malaysian OA stratified by residency, genders, socioeconomic status (SES) and body mass index (BMI).
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted, utilizing purposive sampling, recruiting 2,299 Malaysian people aged 60 years old and above who agreed to be interviewed via a comprehensive semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.
Introduction: The rising prevalence of global end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a significant health concern, especially among children. Although renal replacement therapy is available, children with ESRD are at an increased risk of mortality. Kidney transplantation is the preferred modality of treatment and surpasses renal replacement therapy in terms of survival.
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