Long-term follow-up results of facial nerve schwannoma with good facial nerve function: a multicenter study.

Purpose: Facial nerve schwannomas (FNSs) are rare intracranial tumors, and the optimal management of these tumors remains unclear. We investigated the long-term follow-up results of FNS with good facial nerve function.

Methods: At nine medical centers in the Korean Facial Nerve Study Group, 43 patients undergoing observation periods longer than 12 months for FNS with good facial nerve function (House-Brackmann grade ≤ II) were enrolled, and clinical and radiographic data were obtained for these cases.

Efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation and its facilitating and hindering factors from real-world clinical data.

Background And Purpose: Customized vestibular rehabilitation improved dizziness and imbalance in several randomized controlled trials. In the present study, we determined the efficacy of customized vestibular rehabilitation using real-world observational data.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we recruited 64 patients (median age = 60, interquartile range = 48-66.

Hearing preservation after stereotactic radiosurgery for sporadic intracanalicular vestibular schwannomas classified as Koos grade 1.

Introduction: The mechanism of hearing loss following stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for vestibular schwannomas (VSs) remains unclear. There is conflicting evidence regarding cochlear nerve damage by transient volume expansion of VSs after radiosurgery and radiation-induced cochlear damage. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a specific patient population that can achieve definite hearing preservation after SRS for VSs.

Causes and outcomes of revision surgery in subjects with pulsatile tinnitus.

Introduction: Once the underlying pathology has been identified, pulsatile tinnitus (PT) can be treated successfully with surgical or interventional management. However, some patients experience residual or recurrent symptoms following initially successful surgical treatment, and require revision surgery or additional procedures. Here, we report a case series of patients who had undergone revision surgery or interventional treatment, and suggest possible ways of minimizing the need for revision.

Triple network activation causes tinnitus in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A model-based volume-entropy analysis.

Tinnitus can be defined as the conscious perception of phantom sounds in the absence of corresponding external auditory signals. Tinnitus can develop in the setting of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Using electroencephalography, we investigated differences in afferent node capacity between 15 SSNHL patients without tinnitus (NT) and 30 SSNHL patients with tinnitus (T).

Correlation of clinical parameters with endolymphatic hydrops on MRI in Meniere's disease.

A clinical diagnosis of Ménière's disease (MD) is made based on medical history and audiometry findings. The 1995 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) guidelines requires histopathological confirmation of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) for a diagnosis of "certain" MD. Symptoms such as dizziness and ear fullness are important diagnostic features; however, the descriptions provided by patients are frequently vague and non-specific.

Full etiologic spectrum of pediatric severe to profound hearing loss of consecutive 119 cases.

Determining the etiology of severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss (SP-SNHL) in pediatric subjects is particularly important in aiding the decision for auditory rehabilitation. We aimed to update the etiologic spectrum of pediatric SP-SNHL by combining internal auditory canal (IAC)-MRI with comprehensive and state-of-the-art genetic testings. From May 2013 to September 2020, 119 cochlear implantees under the age of 15 years with SP-SNHL were all prospectively recruited.

Bechterew's Phenomenon in Bilateral Sequential Vestibular Neuritis: A Report of Two Cases.

The brain can compensate for the vestibular imbalance. When the unilateral labyrinthine function is lost, the asymmetry between the peripheral vestibular inputs is compensated centrally by readjusting the signal difference from both ears and regaining vestibular balance. If the other healthy labyrinth is destroyed, the vestibular nuclei become imbalanced again, creating spontaneous nystagmus even though there is no input to the vestibular nuclei from either labyrinth.

Preoperative Significance of Ipsilateral Manual Neck Compression in Patients With Pulsatile Tinnitus Secondary to Sigmoid Sinus Dehiscences and Diverticula.

Venous pulsatile tinnitus (PT) is characterized by an auditory perception of pulse-synchronous sound, suppressed by compression of the ipsilateral internal jugular vein. We sought to determine the preoperative prognostic significance of the effect of ipsilateral neck manual compression on the PT loudness and audiometric changes in patients with sigmoid sinus dehiscences (SS-Deh) and diverticula (SS-Div) by comparing postoperative improvements in ipsilateral low-frequency hearing loss (LFHL) in pure-tone audiogram (PTA) and PT symptoms. Twenty-two subjects with PT originating from SS-Deh/Div were recruited.

Objective measurement of HINTS (Head Impulse, Nystagmus, Test of Skew) in peripheral vestibulopathy.

Objective: To evaluate how often the positive sign of HINTS (Head-Impulse, Gaze Evoked Nystagmus, Test of Skew) appears in patients with acute peripheral vestibular lesion, HINTS findings were quantitatively measured and analyzed in patients with peripheral vestibulopathy accompanying spontaneous nystagmus.

Methods: HINTS was evaluated in 14 vertigo patients with spontaneous nystagmus. Horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain was measured using the video head impulse test (vHIT).

Is the posterior cingulate cortex an on-off switch for tinnitus?: A comparison between hearing loss subjects with and without tinnitus.

As the human brain works in a Bayesian manner to minimize uncertainty toward external stimuli, the deafferented brain may generate tinnitus in an attempt to fill in missing auditory information, e.g. due to hearing loss.

Quantitative three-dimensional image analysis of the superior canal after surgical plugging to treat superior semicircular canal dehiscence.

Surgical plugging to treat superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD) has been proven to impede the effect of the third mobile window, abating cochleovestibular symptoms. Knowledge of superior semicircular canal (SC)-plugging status has been proposed to serve as a guide for adjuvant treatment. Here, we investigated disturbances in the inner ear fluid space following SC plugging using a novel three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction-based method.

Intratympanic steroid versus gentamicin for treatment of refractory Meniere's disease: A meta-analysis.

Purpose: Intratympanic steroid injections (ITSI) have become a promising treatment for refractory Meniere's disease due to less cochleovestibular damage. However, whether ITSI would be a good alternative to intratympanic gentamicin injections (ITGI) for refractory Meniere's disease still remains controversial. Here we intended to compare the therapeutic effect of ITSI and ITGI in patients with Meniere's disease refractory to conservative treatments, in terms of vertigo control and hearing outcomes, via a meta-analysis.

The balance between Bayesian inference and default mode determines the generation of tinnitus from decreased auditory input: A volume entropy-based study.

Along with phantom pain, tinnitus, a phantom auditory perception occurring in the absence of an external acoustic stimulus, is one of the most representative phantom perceptions that develops in subjects with decreased peripheral sensory input. Although tinnitus is closely associated with peripheral hearing loss (HL), it remains unclear why only some individuals with HL develop tinnitus. In this study, we investigated the differences between 65 HL with tinnitus (HL-T) and 104 HL with no tinnitus (HL-NT) using a resting-state electroencephalography data-based volume entropy model of the brain network, by comparing the afferent node capacities, that quantify the contribution of each node to the spread of information, of all Brodmann areas.

Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Glomus Tympanicum Tumors Presenting with Pulsatile Tinnitus.

We reviewed the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with glomus tympanicum tumors (GTTs) presenting with pulsatile tinnitus (PT). We explored whether transcanal sound recording-spectro-temporal analysis (TSR-STA) usefully evaluated changes in PT. The medical records of 13 patients who underwent surgical removal of GTTs were reviewed retrospectively.

A nonsense variant leads to disruption of connexin-linked function and autosomal dominant auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder.

Genes that are primarily expressed in cochlear glia-like supporting cells (GLSs) have not been clearly associated with progressive deafness. Herein, we present a deafness locus mapped to chromosome 3p25.1 and an auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) gene, , mainly expressed in GLSs.

Natural Course of Residual Hearing with Reference to GJB2 and SLC26A4 Genotypes: Clinical Implications for Hearing Rehabilitation.

Background: Understanding the characteristics of residual hearing at low frequencies and its natural course in relation to molecular genetic etiology may be important in developing rehabilitation strategies. Thus, we aimed to explore the characteristics and natural course of residual hearing at low frequencies associated with the two most frequent deafness genes: GJB2 and SLC26A4.

Methods: Initially, 53 GJB2 and 65 SLC26A4 subjects were enrolled, respectively.

Rising of as a signature causative gene of down-sloping hearing loss in people in their teens and 20s.

Background: Down-sloping sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in people in their teens and 20s hampers efficient learning and communication and in-depth social interactions. Nonetheless, its aetiology remains largely unclear, with the exception of some potential causative genes, none of which stands out especially in people in their teens and 20s. Here, we examined the role and genotype-phenotype correlation of lipoxygenase homology domain 1 () in down-sloping SNHL through a cohort study.

An mHealth App (Speech Banana) for Auditory Training: App Design and Development Study.

Background: With the growing adult population using electronic hearing devices such as cochlear implants or hearing aids, there is an increasing worldwide need for auditory training (AT) to promote optimal device use. However, financial resources and scheduling conflicts make clinical AT infeasible.

Objective: To address this gap between need and accessibility, we primarily aimed to develop a mobile health (mHealth) app called Speech Banana for AT.

Parameters of Off-Vertical Axis Rotation in Unilateral and Bilateral Vestibulopathy and Their Correlation with Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials.

Off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) is a laboratory test to assess the otolith function. This study aimed to analyze the parameters of OVAR in patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH) and bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP), and to correlate the parameters of OVAR with those of VEMPs. Ten healthy volunteers, 41 UVH, and 13 BVP patients performed OVAR.

Auditory experience, for a certain duration, is a prerequisite for tinnitus: lessons from subjects with unilateral tinnitus in the better-hearing ear.

Tinnitus has traditionally been considered an otologic disorder; however, recent advances in auditory neuroscience have shifted investigations toward the brain. The Bayesian brain model explains tinnitus as an auditory phantom percept. According to the model, the brain works to reduce environmental uncertainty, and thus the absence of auditory information due to hearing loss may cause auditory phantom percepts, i.