An update on the pharmacotherapy of gout.

Introduction: Gout is a common form of acute inflammatory arthritis caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals within synovium of joints. This leads to severe pain, reducing quality of life for patients with this condition.

Areas Covered: This review summarizes the treatment of both acute flares of gout and urate-lowering therapy based on guidance from various major international societies.

Carbon Adsorbent Properties Impact Hydrated Electron Activity and Perfluorocarboxylic Acid (PFCA) Destruction.

Carbon-based adsorbents used to remove recalcitrant water contaminants, including perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), are often regenerated using energy-intensive treatments that can form harmful byproducts. We explore mechanisms for sorbent regeneration using hydrated electrons (e ) from sulfite ultraviolet photolysis (UV/sulfite) in water. We studied the UV/sulfite treatment on three carbon-based sorbents with varying material properties: granular activated carbon (GAC), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and polyethylenimine-modified lignin (lignin).

[Mechanisms by which Mettl3 regulates pericyte-myofibroblast transdifferentiation through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway].

To investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of methyltransferase (Mettl) 3 in the process of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ)-induced pericyte-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation and renal fibrosis. C57BL/6J mice were used, in cell experiments, mouse renal pericytes were isolated and cultured using magnetic bead sorting. These pericytes were then induced to transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts with 1×10 mmol/L Ang Ⅱ, which was the Ang Ⅱ group, while pericytes cultured in normal conditions served as the control group.

From bench to bedside - is there a role of IL-17 drugs in rheumatoid arthritis?

Introduction: IL-17 has been described as a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is relevant in the seronegative spondylarthritides with IL-17 targeted therapies being licensed for their treatment.There is evidence to demonstrate that IL-17 is found in RA joints and contributes to the pro-inflammatory cascade. This results in synovial hyperplasia and osteoclastogenesis thus causing joint destruction and bony erosions.

Safety factor diagnostic for tokamak core plasma from three-dimensional reconstruction of pellet ablation trail.

Using a stereo camera system, a new diagnostic for the safety factor of the core plasma based on the pellet ablation trail is applied on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). In EAST discharge No. 128 874, a shattered pellet injection system is applied to inject a shattered neon pellet into the EAST.

A Multi-Streamline Approach for Upcycling PET into a Biodiesel and Asphalt Modifier.

The non-degradable nature of petroleum-based plastics and the dependence on petroleum-based products in daily life and production are dilemmas of human development today. We hereby developed a plastic waste upcycling process to address these challenges. A multi-stream fraction strategy was developed to process poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) plastics into soluble and insoluble fractions.

Functional microRNA-targeting drug discovery by graph-based deep learning.

MicroRNAs are recognized as key drivers in many cancers but targeting them with small molecules remains a challenge. We present RiboStrike, a deep-learning framework that identifies small molecules against specific microRNAs. To demonstrate its capabilities, we applied it to microRNA-21 (miR-21), a known driver of breast cancer.

[Experimental research progress in traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on autophagy].

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) is a chronic complication resulted from peripheral nerve injury in the late stage of diabetes. It involves a variety of pathological changes such as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis of Schwann cells(SCs). DPN is the main factor leading to lower limb disability or amputation in diabetic patients, with high incidence, long disease course, and poor prognosis.

Pre-existing cardiometabolic comorbidities and survival of middle-aged and elderly non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Background: Both lung cancer and cardiometabolic diseases are leading causes of death in China, and they share some common risk factors. However, the prevalence and long-term effect of pre-existing cardiometabolic comorbidities (CMCs) on the survival of middle-aged and elderly lung cancer patients are still not clear.

Methods: We consecutively recruited 3477 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients between January 2011 and December 2018 from four cancer specialty hospitals in China.

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase synergized with lignin-degrading enzymes for efficient lignin degradation.

Even though the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) has fundamentally shifted our understanding of biomass degradation, most of the current studies focused on their roles in carbohydrate oxidation. However, no study demonstrated if LPMO could directly participate to the process of lignin degradation in lignin-degrading microbes. This study showed that LPMO could synergize with lignin-degrading enzymes for efficient lignin degradation in white-rot fungi.

ProtEC: A Transformer Based Deep Learning System for Accurate Annotation of Enzyme Commission Numbers.

The advancements in next-generation sequencing technologies have given rise to large-scale, open-source protein databases consisting of hundreds of millions of sequences. However, to make these sequences useful in biomedical applications, they need to be painstakingly annotated by curating them from literature. To counteract this problem, many automated annotation algorithms have been developed over the years including deep learning models, especially in recent times.

Untargeted serum and liver metabolomics analyses reveal the gastroprotective effect of polysaccharide from Evodiae fructus on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice.

This study aimed at investigating the gastroprotective effect of Evodiae fructus polysaccharide (EFP) against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice. Biochemical indexes along with untargeted serum and liver metabolomics were determined. Results showed that pre-treatment of EFP alleviated ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice.

Functional microRNA-Targeting Drug Discovery by Graph-Based Deep Learning.

MicroRNAs are recognized as key drivers in many cancers, but targeting them with small molecules remains a challenge. We present RiboStrike, a deep learning framework that identifies small molecules against specific microRNAs. To demonstrate its capabilities, we applied it to microRNA-21 (miR-21), a known driver of breast cancer.

"Typhoidal Cells" Appear in a Woman with Hemophagocytic Syndrome Secondary To Brucellosis: A Case Report.

We report a case of hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) secondary to brucellosis, in which typhoidal cells were found in bone marrow, suggesting typhoidal cells present not only in infections but also in other bacterial infections. Typhoidal cells in bone marrow can be used to quickly identify the presence of bacterial infection pending the results of bone marrow and/or blood cultures.

Association between left ventricular reverse remodeling and long-term outcomes after alcohol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.

There is a paucity of data regarding the effect of left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling (r-LVR) on diastolic function and outcomes after alcohol septal ablation (ASA) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). The aim of this study was to identify the impact of r-LVR on the outcome and the predictors of such changes after ASA. Eighty-seven patients (57.

Feedstock design for quality biomaterials.

Feedstock design is crucial for lignocellulosic biomass use. Current strategies for feedstock design cannot be readily applied to improve the quality of biomass-based materials, limiting the sustainability and economics of lignocellulosic biorefineries. Recent studies have advanced the understanding of biomass structure-property relationships and discovered several characteristics, such as molecular weight, uniformity, linkage profile, and functional groups, that are critical for manufacturing diverse quality biomaterials.

Creative biological lignin conversion routes toward lignin valorization.

Lignin, the largest renewable aromatic resource, is a promising alternative feedstock for the sustainable production of various chemicals, fuels, and materials. Despite this potential, lignin is characterized by heterogeneous and macromolecular structures that must be addressed. In this review, we present biological lignin conversion routes (BLCRs) that offer opportunities for overcoming these challenges, making lignin valorization feasible.

AMPDeep: hemolytic activity prediction of antimicrobial peptides using transfer learning.

Background: Deep learning's automatic feature extraction has proven to give superior performance in many sequence classification tasks. However, deep learning models generally require a massive amount of data to train, which in the case of Hemolytic Activity Prediction of Antimicrobial Peptides creates a challenge due to the small amount of available data.

Results: Three different datasets for hemolysis activity prediction of therapeutic and antimicrobial peptides are gathered and the AMPDeep pipeline is implemented for each.

Sustainable environmental remediation via biomimetic multifunctional lignocellulosic nano-framework.

Chemical pollution threatens human health and ecosystem sustainability. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) like per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are expensive to clean up once emitted. Innovative and synergistic strategies are urgently needed, yet process integration and cost-effectiveness remain challenging.

Sex-related differences in left ventricular remodeling and outcome after alcohol septal ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: insights from cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Alcohol septal ablation (ASA) has been proven to reverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, there are no studies on the effect of sex on LV remodeling after ASA. We aimed to investigate whether sex differences affect the process of LV remodeling and outcome after ASA.

The association between hearing threshold and urinary personal care and consumer product metabolites in middle-aged and elderly people from the USA.

Endocrine disruptors have been reported to be associated with hearing ability. However, the association between personal care and consumer product chemicals, known as commonly detected endocrine disruptors, and age-related hearing loss still remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between exposure to 7 personal care and consumer product chemicals and hearing thresholds in middle-aged and elderly people.

Bacterial conversion routes for lignin valorization.

As the largest renewable aromatic resource, lignin is a promising feedstock for production of value-added products. However, lignin valorization has not been implemented due to the recalcitrant and heterogeneity of lignin. Herein, this work provides a systematic overview of bacterial lignin valorization for producing value-added products from the viewpoint of a cascaded conversion route.

[The short-term and long-term prognostic analysis in patients with chronic total occlusion acute non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction].

To investigate the clinical impacts of chronic total occlusion (CTO) in acute non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 2 271 acute NSTEMI patients underwent primary PCI from China Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry were enrolled in this study and divided into the CTO group and the non-CTO group according to the angiography. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality and mortality during a 2-year follow-up.