Accuracy of Three Commercial Wearable Devices for Sleep Tracking in Healthy Adults.

Sleep tracking by consumers is becoming increasingly prevalent; yet, few studies have evaluated the accuracy of such devices. We sought to evaluate the accuracy of three devices (Oura Ring Gen3, Fitbit Sense 2, and Apple Watch Series 8) compared to the gold standard sleep assessment (polysomnography (PSG)). Thirty-five participants (aged 20-50 years) without a sleep disorder were enrolled in a single-night inpatient study, during which they wore the Oura Ring, Fitbit, and Apple Watch, and were monitored with PSG.

The Complete Genome Sequences of 12 Species of (Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes, Actinopteri).

We present the complete genome sequences of 12 species of . Illumina sequencing was performed on genetic material from museum specimens. The reads were assembled using a de novo method followed by a finishing step.

Bacterial proximity effects on the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes within the alimentary tract of yellow mealworm larvae.

The arthropod intestinal tract and other anatomical parts naturally carry microorganisms. Some of which are pathogens, secrete toxins, or carry transferable antibiotic-resistance genes. The risks associated with the production and consumption of edible arthropods are dependent on indigenous microbes, as well as microbes introduced during the processes of rearing.

Resident Performance on the Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training (FAST) Workstation Does Not Predictably Improve With Postgraduate Year.

Purpose: To identify differences in performance on the Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training (FAST) workstation between residents across different postgraduate years and training sites.

Methods: During the 2018-2019 academic year, 102 orthopaedic surgery residents from 4 training sites completed 6 FAST modules. Failure was defined as either completion time exceeding benchmark time or commission of task-specific errors.

Public opinion of resident physician work hours in 2022.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize public awareness and opinion regarding resident physician work hours in the United States.

Methods: We conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional survey among adults in the United States. Demographic quota-based sampling was conducted by Qualtrics to match 2020 United States Census estimates of age, sex, race, and ethnicity.

Outcomes of Activity-Related Lower Extremity Muscle Tears After Application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification: A Systematic Review.

Context: Muscle injury classification and grading systems have been reported for >100 years; yet it offer limited evidence relating the clinical or radiological qualities of a muscle injury to the pathology or clinical outcome. The British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC) incorporates recent predictive features of muscle injuries and provides a precise radiographic framework for clinical prediction and management.

Objective: To investigate clinical outcomes, particularly time to return to play (RTP), reinjury rate (RIR), and prognostic value of specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, of activity-related muscle injuries (tears) in athletes after application of the BAMIC.

Systematic Review of the Impact of Physician Work Schedules on Patient Safety with Meta-Analyses of Mortality Risk.

Resident physician work hour limits continue to be controversial. Numerous trials have come to conflicting conclusions about the impact on patient safety of eliminating extended duration work shifts. We conducted meta-analyses to evaluate the impact of work hour policies and work schedules on patient safety.

Impact of work schedules of senior resident physicians on patient and resident physician safety: nationwide, prospective cohort study.

Objective: To determine whether long weekly work hours and shifts of extended duration (≥24 hours) are associated with adverse patient and physician safety outcomes in more senior resident physicians (postgraduate year 2 and above; PGY2+).

Design: Nationwide, prospective cohort study.

Setting: United States, conducted over eight academic years (2002-07, 2014-17).

Mitogenome recovered from a 19 Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae).

Steindachner, 1866, a genus of Mormyridae (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha), has been monotypic since the description of (Steindacher, 1866) from a single specimen. No type locality other than "Angola" was given and almost no specimens have been subsequently identified to this species. In order to investigate the relationship of this taxon to fresh specimens collected in Angola and elsewhere, whole genome paired-end sequencing of DNA extracted from the holotype specimen of was performed and a nearly complete mitogenome assembled from the sequences obtained.

Evaluating the impact of a sleep health education and a personalised smartphone application on sleep, productivity and healthcare utilisation among employees: results of a randomised clinical trial.

Objectives: We evaluated an online Sleep Health and Wellness (SHAW) programme paired with dayzz, a personalised sleep training programme deployed via smartphone application (dayzz app) that promotes healthy sleep and treatment for sleep disorders, among employees at a large healthcare organisation.

Design: Open-label, randomised, parallel-group controlled trial.

Setting: A healthcare employer in the USA.

Bird species potentially exposed to pesticide-treated corn seeds in the continental United States.

In the United States, the use of pesticide-coated seeds in agriculture is a widely adopted practice. Consumption of treated crop seeds is a possible route of exposure of birds to pesticides. A combination of agronomic and bird life history information is used to identify those species most likely to consume freshly planted corn seeds.

The role of circadian phase in sleep and performance during Antarctic winter expeditions.

The Antarctic environment presents an extreme variation in the natural light-dark cycle which can cause variability in the alignment of the circadian pacemaker with the timing of sleep, causing sleep disruption, and impaired mood and performance. This study assessed the incidence of circadian misalignment and the consequences for sleep, cognition, and psychological health in 51 over-wintering Antarctic expeditioners (45.6 ± 11.

Return to Sports After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Validity and Reliability of the SPORTS Score at 6 and 12 Months.

Background: The Subjective Patient Outcome for Return to Sports (SPORTS) score is a single-item scale that measures athletes' ability to return to their preinjury sport based on effort and performance.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the SPORTS score and a modified score within the first year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The modified version replaced "same sport" with "any sport" in the answer choices.

Baseless Claims and Pseudoscience in Health and Wellness: A Call to Action for the Sports, Exercise, and Nutrition-Science Community.

The global health and wellness industry has an estimated value of US$4 trillion. Profits derive from heath club memberships, exercise classes, diets, supplements, alternative 'therapies', and thousands of other products and services that are purported to improve health, recovery, and/or sports performance. The industry has expanded at an alarming rate, far outstripping the capacity of federal bodies to regulate the market and protect consumer interests.

National improvements in resident physician-reported patient safety after limiting first-year resident physicians' extended duration work shifts: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Background: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) enacted a policy in 2011 that restricted first-year resident physicians in the USA to work no more than 16 consecutive hours. This was rescinded in 2017.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide prospective cohort study of resident physicians for 5 academic years (2002-2007) before and for 3 academic years (2014-2017) after implementation of the 16 hours 2011 ACGME work-hour limit.

Engaging the Wisdom of Older Veterans to Enhance VA Healthcare, Research, and Services.

Background: Stakeholder engagement helps ensure that research is relevant, clinical innovations are responsive, and healthcare services are patient-centered.

Objective: Establish and sustain a Veteran engagement board involving older Veterans and caregivers to provide input on aging-related research and clinical demonstration projects.

Design And Participants: The Older Veteran Engagement Team (OVET)-a group of eight Veterans and one caregiver who range in age from 62 to 92-was formed in November 2017 and has met monthly since January 2018.

Visual field decline and restoration following vitamin A therapy for vitamin A deficiency.

Purpose: To present a case of nutritional vitamin A deficiency (VAD) that caused bilateral severe dry eye symptoms and progressive visual field contraction over a 13.5-month span resulting in peripheral blindness and nyctalopia, and to document the patient's rapid visual field restoration following vitamin A therapy (VAT).

Observations: A 34-year-old Haitian woman presented for a glaucoma consultation with the following symptoms in both eyes (OU): painful dry eyes, floaters, nyctalopia, and visual field contraction over eighteen months despite treatment with four anti-glaucoma medications and intraocular pressures (IOP) in the low teens OU.

Phylogenomics of Bony-Tongue Fishes (Osteoglossomorpha) Shed Light on the Craniofacial Evolution and Biogeography of the Weakly Electric Clade (Mormyridae).

Bonytongues (Osteoglossomorpha) constitute an ancient clade of teleost fishes distributed in freshwater habitats throughout the world. The group includes well-known species such as arowanas, featherbacks, pirarucus, and the weakly electric fishes in the family Mormyridae. Their disjunct distribution, extreme morphologies, and electrolocating capabilities (Gymnarchidae and Mormyridae) have attracted much scientific interest, but a comprehensive phylogenetic framework for comparative analysis is missing, especially for the species-rich family Mormyridae.

Effects of Nutritional Interventions on Accuracy and Reaction Time with Relevance to Mental Fatigue in Sporting, Military, and Aerospace Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Research in sport, military, and aerospace populations has shown that mental fatigue may impair cognitive performance. The effect of nutritional interventions that may mitigate such negative effects has been investigated. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effects of nutritional interventions on cognitive domains often measured in mental fatigue research.

A clinical trial to evaluate the dayzz smartphone app on employee sleep, health, and productivity at a large US employer.

Sleep deficiency is a hidden cost of our 24-7 society, with 70% of adults in the US admitting that they routinely obtain insufficient sleep. Further, it is estimated that 50-70 million adults in the US have a sleep disorder. Undiagnosed and untreated sleep disorders are associated with diminished health for the individual and increased costs for the employer.

Altered sleep spindles and slow waves during space shuttle missions.

Sleep deficiencies and associated performance decrements are common among astronauts during spaceflight missions. Previously, sleep in space was analyzed with a focus on global measures while the intricate structure of sleep oscillations remains largely unexplored. This study extends previous findings by analyzing how spaceflight affects characteristics of sleep spindles and slow waves, two sleep oscillations associated with sleep quality and quantity, in four astronauts before, during and after two Space Shuttle missions.

Interns' perspectives on impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the medical school to residency transition.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in disruptions to medical school training and the transition to residency for new post-graduate year 1 resident-physicians (PGY1s). Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand the perspectives of United States PGY1s regarding the impact of the pandemic on these experiences. Our secondary aims were to understand how desire to practice medicine was impacted by the pandemic and whether PGY1s felt that they were able to meaningfully contribute to the COVID-19 response as students.

Extended Work Shifts and Neurobehavioral Performance in Resident-Physicians.

Objectives: Extended-duration work rosters (EDWRs) with shifts of 24+ hours impair performance compared with rapid cycling work rosters (RCWRs) that limit shifts to 16 hours in postgraduate year (PGY) 1 resident-physicians. We examined the impact of a RCWR on PGY 2 and PGY 3 resident-physicians.

Methods: Data from 294 resident-physicians were analyzed from a multicenter clinical trial of 6 US PICUs.

A comparison of experimental and theoretical low energy positron scattering from furan.

This paper presents a joint experimental and theoretical study of positron scattering from furan. Experimental data were measured using the low energy positron beamline located at the Australian National University and cover an energy range from 1 eV to 30 eV. Cross sections were measured for total scattering, total elastic and inelastic scattering, positronium formation, and differential elastic scattering.