Clinical and financial outcomes associated with the utilization of right internal mammary artery versus radial artery in multivessel coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: Multi-arterial coronary bypass grafting with the left internal mammary artery as a conduit has been shown to offer superior long-term survival compared to single-arterial coronary bypass grafting. Nevertheless, the selection of a secondary conduit between the right internal mammary artery and the radial artery remains controversial. Using a national cohort, we examined the relationships between the right internal mammary artery and the radial artery with acute clinical and financial outcomes.

Care fragmentation is associated with increased mortality after ileostomy creation.

Background: Ileostomy is the mainstay treatment option for various gastrointestinal conditions. Given the increased risk of post-discharge complications and high readmission rates that can be further aggravated by receiving care at different facilities (care fragmentation), further examination is necessary. We thus used a national cohort to explore the associations of care fragmentation among ileostomy patients experiencing adverse outcomes and increased hospitalization expenditures.

Evaluation of AI Model for Cephalometric Landmark Classification (TG Dental).

The accuracy of cephalometric landmark identification for malocclusion classification is essential for diagnosis and treatment planning. Identifying these landmarks is often complex and time-consuming for orthodontists. An AI model for classification was recently developed.

Functional role of endothelial transferrin receptor 1 in iron sensing and homeostasis.

Systemic iron homeostasis is regulated by the hepatic hormone hepcidin to balance meeting iron requirements while limiting toxicity from iron excess. Iron-mediated induction of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 6 is a central mechanism for regulating hepcidin production. Liver endothelial cells (LECs) are the main source of endogenous BMP6, but how they sense iron to modulate BMP6 transcription and thereby hepcidin is uncertain.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors for solid organ transplant recipients: clinical updates.

Transplant care continues to advance with increasing clinical experience and improvements in immunosuppressive therapy. As the population ages and long-term survival improves, transplant patient care has become more complex due to comorbidities, frailty, and the increased prevalence of cancer posttransplantation. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a standard treatment option for many cancers in non-transplant patients, but the use of ICIs in transplant patients is challenging due to the possibility of disrupting immune tolerance.

Assessment of eye closure and blink with facial palsy: A systematic literature review.

Facial palsy can cause the impairment of eye closure and affect blink, ocular health, communication, and esthetics. Dynamic surgical procedures can restore eye closure in patients with decreased facial nerve function. There are no standardized measures of voluntary and spontaneous eye closure that are used to evaluate the outcomes of blink restoration procedures.

Investigating the change in the photophysical properties of a trio of tetraphenylcyclopentadienone derivatives with varied groups on the aromatic rings in the 3- and 4-positions.

Organic compounds with electronic properties, such as a small band gap, are useful in areas ranging from organic field effect transistors to solar cells. Such organic compounds can possess conjugation and/or aromatic systems, with one example being tetraphenylcyclopentadienone and its derivatives. A trio of dramatically coloured tetraphenylcyclopentadienone derivatives with varied substituents on the aromatic rings in the 3- and 4-positions were prepared.

Effect of moist heat reprocessing of N95 respirators on SARS-CoV-2 inactivation and respirator function.

Background: Unprecedented demand for N95 respirators during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a global shortage of these masks. We validated a rapidly applicable, low-cost decontamination protocol in compliance with regulatory standards to enable the safe reuse of N95 respirators.

Methods: We inoculated 4 common models of N95 respirators with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and evaluated viral inactivation after disinfection for 60 minutes at 70°C and 0% relative humidity.

Screening and Treatment Outcomes in Adults and Children With Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease: The CD-DIET Study.

Objective: To describe celiac disease (CD) screening rates and glycemic outcomes of a gluten-free diet (GFD) in patients with type 1 diabetes who are asymptomatic for CD.

Research Design And Methods: Asymptomatic patients (8-45 years) were screened for CD. Biopsy-confirmed CD participants were randomized to GFD or gluten-containing diet (GCD) to assess changes in HbA and continuous glucose monitoring over 12 months.

Core outcome set for children with neurological impairment and tube feeding.

Aim: To develop a core outcome set (COS) for evaluating gastrostomy/gastrojejunostomy tube impact in children with neurological impairment.

Method: Healthcare providers/researchers and caregivers rated the importance of candidate outcomes on a 5-point Likert scale. Outcomes rated 'somewhat important' or 'very important' by most (≥85%) respondents were voted on during a consensus meeting.

Are child-centric aspects in newborn and child health systematic review and meta-analysis protocols and reports adequately reported?-two systematic reviews.

Background: Evidence suggests that newborn and child health systematic reviews and meta-analyses exhibit poor quality in reporting. The "Preferred Reporting Items in Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" (PRISMA) and PRISMA-Protocols (PRISMA-P) checklists have been developed to improve the reporting of systematic review results and protocols, respectively. We aimed to evaluate the clarity and transparency in reporting of child-centric items in child health systematic reviews (SRs) and SR protocols and to identify areas where reporting could be strengthened.

Family-centered care in children with epilepsy: Evaluating the Measure of Processes of Care (MPOC-20).

Objective: The objective was to test whether the five-domain structure of the Measure of Processes of Care (MPOC-20) was observed in a sample of children with epilepsy and, if not, to propose adaptations to improve its utility in this population.

Methods: Data came from the Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Epilepsy Study (HERQULES)-a multicenter prospective cohort study (n = 374) following children 4-12 years of age for 2 years after diagnosis. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tested the applicability of the five domains/factors in a sample of children with epilepsy approximately 6 months following diagnosis (n = 311).

A Core Outcome Set for Children With Feeding Tubes and Neurologic Impairment: A Systematic Review.

Context: Uncertainty exists about the impacts of feeding tubes on neurologically impaired children. Core outcome sets (COS) standardize outcome selection, definition, measurement, and reporting.

Objective: To synthesize an evidence base of qualitative data on all outcomes selected and/or reported for neurologically impaired children 0 to 18 years living with gastrostomy/gastrojejunostomy tubes.

Can intermittent theta burst stimulation as add-on to psychotherapy improve nicotine abstinence? Results from a pilot study.

Smoking is among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Discontinuing smoking can increase life expectancy to the presmoking level. Unaided attempts are often ineffective, strengthening the necessity of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), nicotine replacement or pharmacotherapy.

Cofactor-activated phosphorylation is required for inhibition of cortical neuron differentiation by Groucho/TLE1.

Background: Transcriptional co-repressors of the Groucho/transducin-like Enhancer of split (Gro/TLE) family regulate the expression of a variety of genes and are involved in numerous developmental processes in both invertebrate and vertebrate species. More specifically, Gro/TLE1 participates in mechanisms that inhibit/delay the differentiation of cerebral cortex neural progenitor cells into neurons during mammalian forebrain development. The anti-neurogenic function of Gro/TLE1 depends on the formation of protein complexes with specific DNA-binding transcription factors that engage Gro/TLE1 through WRP(W/Y) sequences.

Inhibition of cortical astrocyte differentiation by Hes6 requires amino- and carboxy-terminal motifs important for dimerization and phosphorylation.

Hairy/Enhancer of split (Hes) 6 is a basic helix-loop-helix protein that interacts with the transcriptional co-repressor, Groucho, and antagonizes the neural functions of the Notch pathway. More specifically, mouse Hes6 regulates cerebral corticogenesis by promoting neurogenesis and suppressing astrocyte differentiation. The molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-astrogenic function of Hes6 are poorly defined.

Hes6 inhibits astrocyte differentiation and promotes neurogenesis through different mechanisms.

The mechanisms regulating the generation of cell diversity in the mammalian cerebral cortex are beginning to be elucidated. In that regard, Hairy/Enhancer of split (Hes) 1 and 5 are basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) factors that inhibit the differentiation of pluripotent cortical progenitors into neurons. In contrast, a related Hes family member termed Hes6 promotes neurogenesis.

Phosphorylation of serine 239 of Groucho/TLE1 by protein kinase CK2 is important for inhibition of neuronal differentiation.

Transcriptional corepressors of the Groucho (Gro)/TLE family play important roles during a variety of developmental pathways, including neuronal differentiation. In particular, they act as negative regulators of neurogenesis, together with Hairy/Enhancer of split (Hes) DNA-binding proteins. The interaction with Hes1 leads to Gro/TLE hyperphosphorylation and increased transcription repression activity in mammalian cells, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly characterized.

A role for cell cycle-regulated phosphorylation in Groucho-mediated transcriptional repression.

Transcriptional corepressors of the Groucho/transducin-like Enhancer of split (Gro/TLE) family are involved in a variety of cell differentiation mechanisms in both invertebrates and vertebrates. They become recruited to specific promoter regions by forming complexes with a number of different DNA-binding proteins thereby contributing to the regulation of multiple genes. To understand how the functions of Gro/TLE proteins are regulated, it was asked whether their ability to mediate transcriptional repression might be controlled by cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation events.

Novel prostanoid thromboxane A2 agonists.

The chemistry and biology of novel TXA2(TP)-receptor agonists based on the prostanoid skeleton is described and structure-activity-relationships are discussed. One compound,(5Z,13E), (9R,15R)-9-fluoro-15-hydroxy-16-phenoxy-17,18,19,20-tetranor- 5,13-prostadienoic acid (33), was identified which is 10 times more potent than the standard TP-receptor against U 46619.

Effects of prolactin suppression on hypogonadism im patients on maintenance haemodialysis.

Unlabelled: The effects of prolactin (Prl) suppression by bromocriptine (BC) on impaired sexual function were studied in 47 male patients on maintenance haemodialysis (HD). All patients had normal serum zinc levels. Before treatment, 14 of 47 patients had moderate hyperprolactinaemia (not due to medication), 24/39 patients had elevated LH levels, 13/34 patients had elevated FSH levels, 26/44 patients had decreased serum testosterone levels and 18/24 patients were oligo-/azöospermic.