Metabolomic profiles of stony coral species from the Dry Tortugas National Park display inter- and intraspecies variation.

Unlabelled: Coral reefs are experiencing unprecedented loss in coral cover due to increased incidence of disease and bleaching events. Thus, understanding mechanisms of disease susceptibility and resilience, which vary by species, is important. In this regard, untargeted metabolomics serves as an important hypothesis-building tool enabling the delineation of molecular factors underlying disease susceptibility or resilience.

Diet Quality is Positively Associated With Nature Relatedness in a U.S. Population: A Pilot Study.

Background: Sustainable dietary practices can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote planetary health. The importance of investigating how to promote sustainable dietary practices is therefore crucial. Nature Relatedness measures an individual's connection to nature and can predict environmental concern and stewardship.

Culinary Home Empowerment for Food Waste Prevention and Minimization: Feasibility and Efficacy Protocol.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a household food-waste prevention and minimization intervention, titled the Culinary Home Empowerment for Food Waste Prevention and Minimization (CHEF-WPM), which consists of a culinary education video series for home cooks. The specific aims are to (1) assess the effects of the intervention at a population level across process (feasibility, usage, acceptability, satisfaction) and preliminary efficacy (motivation, opportunity, ability) metrics and (2) assess the effects of the intervention at a community level across process (feasibility, usage, acceptability, satisfaction) and preliminary efficacy (motivation, opportunity, ability, household food waste, sustainable dietary practices) metrics. The intervention includes eight modules, each containing three to five brief videos, as well as downloadable recipes and worksheets.

The Connections among Interacting with Nature, Nature Relatedness and Dietary Choices: A Pilot Mixed Methods Study.

Interacting with nature and a connection to nature (Nature Relatedness [NR]) have been associated with better mental and physical health as well as higher levels of physical activity. However, limited research has explored how interacting with nature and NR may promote healthful dietary behaviors. The purpose of this pilot convergent mixed methods study was to explore the connections between interacting with nature, NR, and dietary choices.

Examining the Role of Nutrition in Cancer Survivorship and Female Fertility: A Narrative Review.

Female cancer survivors have a higher chance of experiencing infertility than females without a history of cancer diagnosis. This risk remains high despite advances in fertility treatments. There is a need to augment fertility treatments with cost-effective methods such as nutritional guidance to improve fertility chances.

Interactions with Nature, Good for the Mind and Body: A Narrative Review.

Interacting with nature may promote mental and physical health. There are multiple ways to interact with nature: indirectly, incidentally, and intentionally. How these types of interactions with nature may be associated with mental and physical health status and health behaviors is unclear.

Pseudobulbiferamides: Plasmid-Encoded Ureidopeptide Natural Products with Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Shared Among Marine Bacteria of Different Genera.

Ureidopeptidic natural products possess a wide variety of favorable pharmacological properties. In addition, they have been shown to mediate core physiological functions in producer bacteria. Here, we report that similar ureidopeptidic natural products with conserved biosynthetic gene clusters are produced by different bacterial genera that coinhabit marine invertebrate microbiomes.

Primary Cardiac Lymphoma in a Young and Immunocompetent Patient Diagnosed by Percutaneous Transvenous Biopsy.

Primary cardiac lymphoma is a rare cardiac neoplasm that is typically found in older, immunocompromised patients. In this case, we report an immunocompetent, 46-year-old female that presented with shortness of breath and chest discomfort. Diagnosis of primary cardiac lymphoma was confirmed by way of percutaneous transvenous biopsy under transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac fluoroscopy guidance.

Discovery and Biosynthesis of Ureidopeptide Natural Products Macrocyclized via Indole N-acylation in Marine Microbulbifer spp. Bacteria.

Commensal bacteria associated with marine invertebrates are underappreciated sources of chemically novel natural products. Using mass spectrometry, we had previously detected the presence of peptidic natural products in obligate marine bacteria of the genus Microbulbifer cultured from marine sponges. In this report, the isolation and structural characterization of a panel of ureidohexapeptide natural products, termed the bulbiferamides, from Microbulbifer strains is reported wherein the tryptophan side chain indole participates in a macrocyclizing peptide bond formation.

Upcycling in the context of biotechnology-based solutions for food quality, loss, and consumer perception.

Wasted food is the single biggest contributor to greenhouse gases. Globally, attempts are being made to both reduce surplus food and divert it into food-to-food operations. This opinion piece covers upcycling and biotechnology-mediated solutions on a technology continuum as a part of the bigger whole to solve this problem.

Limited Metabolomic Overlap between Commensal Bacteria and Marine Sponge Holobionts Revealed by Large Scale Culturing and Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics: An Undergraduate Laboratory Pedagogical Effort at Georgia Tech.

Sponges are the richest source of bioactive organic small molecules, referred to as natural products, in the marine environment. It is well established that laboratory culturing-resistant symbiotic bacteria residing within the eukaryotic sponge host matrix often synthesize the natural products that are detected in the sponge tissue extracts. However, the contributions of the culturing-amenable commensal bacteria that are also associated with the sponge host to the overall metabolome of the sponge holobiont are not well defined.

Clinical Utility of Genomic Recurrence Risk Stratification in Early, Hormone-Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancer: Real-World Experience.

Background: RNA-based genomic risk assessment estimates chemotherapy benefit in patients with hormone-receptor positive (HR+)/Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2-negative (ERBB2-) breast cancer (BC). It is virtually used in all patients with early HR+/ERBB2- BC regardless of clinical recurrence risk.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of adult patients with early-stage (T1-3; N0; M0) HR+/ERBB2- BC who underwent genomic testing using the Oncotype DX (Exact Sciences) 21-genes assay.

Liquid Biopsy-based Precision Therapy in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: A Real-world Experience from a Community-based Oncology Practice.

Background: Liquid biopsy testing offers a significant potential in selecting signal-matched therapies for advanced solid malignancies. The feasibility of liquid biopsy testing in a community-based oncology practice, and its actual impact on selecting signal-matched therapies, and subsequent survival effects have not previously been reported.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on adult patients with advanced solid cancer tested with a liquid-biopsy assay between December 2018 and 2019, in a community oncology practice.

Metabolomics Approaches to Dereplicate Natural Products from Coral-Derived Bioactive Bacteria.

Stony corals (Scleractinia) are invertebrates that form symbiotic relationships with eukaryotic algal endosymbionts and the prokaryotic microbiome. The microbiome has the potential to produce bioactive natural products providing defense and resilience to the coral host against pathogenic microorganisms, but this potential has not been extensively explored. Bacterial pathogens can pose a significant threat to corals, with some species implicated in primary and opportunistic infections of various corals.

Spontaneous circulation of active microtubules confined by optical traps.

We propose an experiment to demonstrate spontaneous ordering and symmetry breaking of kinesin-driven microtubules confined to an optical trap. Calculations involving the feasibility of such an experiment are first performed which analyze the power needed to confine microtubules and address heating concerns. We then present the results of first-principles simulations of active microtubules confined in such a trap and analyze the types of motion observed by the microtubules as well as the velocity of the surrounding fluid, both near the trap and in the far-field.

SMARCB1/INI1-deficient tumors of adulthood.

The gene was first discovered in the mid-1990s, and since then it has been revealed that loss of function mutations in this gene result in aggressive rhabdoid tumors. Recently, the term "rhabdoid tumor" has become synonymous with decreased expression. When genetic aberrations in the gene occur, the result can cause complete loss of expression, decreased expression, and mosaic expression.

Classical dynamical coarse-grained entropy and comparison with the quantum version.

We develop the framework of classical observational entropy, which is a mathematically rigorous and precise framework for nonequilibrium thermodynamics, explicitly defined in terms of a set of observables. Observational entropy can be seen as a generalization of Boltzmann entropy to systems with indeterminate initial conditions, and it describes the knowledge achievable about the system by a macroscopic observer with limited measurement capabilities; it becomes Gibbs entropy in the limit of perfectly fine-grained measurements. This quantity, while previously mentioned in the literature, has been investigated in detail only in the quantum case.

Case Report: Management of rectal squamous cell carcinoma - a treatment dilemma.

Primary rectal squamous cell carcinoma is rare compared to adenocarcinoma, which is the predominant histologic type most commonly discovered at the time of colorectal carcinoma diagnosis. Due to the infrequent nature of this malignancy, data on tumor pathogenesis and risk factors remains sparse. Moreover, no standardized therapeutic regimen exists.

A Case of Acute Heart Failure Following Immunotherapy for Metastatic Lung Cancer.

Inhibitors of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4, programmed cell death protein-1, and programmed death-ligand 1 have been shown to produce significant antitumor activity in multiple malignancies, and have become essential oncology standard-of-care therapies. Despite their success, the checkpoint inhibitors' ability to amplify the immune system response against tumor cells has been associated with a unique panel of side effects known as immune-related adverse events. The involvement of the myocardium has been reported previously, but it's remarkably uncommon.

SMARCB1/INI1-Deficient Extrarenal Rhabdoid Tumor: A Case Report of a Rare and Aggressive Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Malignant SMARCB1/INI1-deficient extrarenal rhabdoid tumors are aggressive tumors that are extremely rare in adults. A 56-year-old male presented with the chief complaints of unilateral lower abdominal and pelvic pain. He underwent urgent surgical intervention and mass resection with tissue sampling.

Probabilistic bound on extreme fluctuations in isolated quantum systems.

We ask to what extent an isolated quantum system can eventually "contract" to be contained within a given Hilbert subspace. We do this by starting with an initial random state, considering the probability that all the particles will be measured in a fixed subspace, and maximizing this probability over all time. This is relevant, for example, in a cosmological context, which may have access to indefinite timescales.

Computational mechanisms in genetic regulation by RNA.

The evolution of the genome has led to very sophisticated and complex regulation. Because of the abundance of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in the cell, different species will promiscuously associate with each other, suggesting collective dynamics similar to artificial neural networks. A simple mechanism is proposed allowing ncRNA to perform computations equivalent to neural network algorithms such as Boltzmann machines and the Hopfield model.

Online Liquid Chromatography-Sheath-Flow Surface Enhanced Raman Detection of Phosphorylated Carbohydrates.

Online detection and quantification of three phosphorylated carbohydrate molecules: glucose 1-phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, and fructose 6-phosphate was achieved by coupling sheath-flow surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to liquid chromatography. The presence of an alkanethiol (hexanethiol) self-assembled monolayer adsorbed to a silver SERS-active substrate helps retain and concentrate the analytes of interest at the SERS substrate to improve the detection sensitivity significantly. Mixtures of 2 μM of phosphorylated carbohydrates in pure water as well as in cell culture media were successfully separated by HPLC, with identification using the sheath-flow SERS detector.

Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.

The emergence of statistical mechanics for isolated classical systems comes about through chaotic dynamics and ergodicity. Here we review how similar questions can be answered in quantum systems. The crucial point is that individual energy eigenstates behave in many ways like a statistical ensemble.