Improved Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves using Planck, WMAP, and BICEP/Keck Observations through the 2018 Observing Season.

We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2, Keck Array, and BICEP3 CMB polarization experiments up to and including the 2018 observing season. We add additional Keck Array observations at 220 GHz and BICEP3 observations at 95 GHz to the previous 95/150/220  GHz dataset. The Q/U maps now reach depths of 2.

Effect of Disinfectants on Mechanical Properties of Orthodontic Acrylics.

Objective: Infection control protocols in dentistry dictate that orthodontic acrylics have to be disinfected. No specific products for orthodontic acrylics are available. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of chemical disinfectants on mechanical properties of orthodontic acrylics.

Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves Using Planck, WMAP, and New BICEP2/Keck Observations through the 2015 Season.

We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the bicep2/Keck CMB polarization experiments up to and including the 2015 observing season. This includes the first Keck Array observations at 220 GHz and additional observations at 95 and 150 GHz. The Q and U maps reach depths of 5.

Improved Constraints on Cosmology and Foregrounds from BICEP2 and Keck Array Cosmic Microwave Background Data with Inclusion of 95 GHz Band.

We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2 and Keck Array cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiments up to and including the 2014 observing season. This includes the first Keck Array observations at 95 GHz. The maps reach a depth of 50 nK deg in Stokes Q and U in the 150 GHz band and 127 nK deg in the 95 GHz band.

Joint analysis of BICEP2/keck array and Planck Data.

We report the results of a joint analysis of data from BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck. BICEP2 and Keck Array have observed the same approximately 400  deg^{2} patch of sky centered on RA 0 h, Dec. -57.

Detection of B-mode polarization at degree angular scales by BICEP2.

We report results from the BICEP2 experiment, a cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimeter specifically designed to search for the signal of inflationary gravitational waves in the B-mode power spectrum around ℓ∼80. The telescope comprised a 26 cm aperture all-cold refracting optical system equipped with a focal plane of 512 antenna coupled transition edge sensor 150 GHz bolometers each with temperature sensitivity of ≈300  μK(CMB)√s. BICEP2 observed from the South Pole for three seasons from 2010 to 2012.

Detection of B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background with data from the South Pole Telescope.

Gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background generates a curl pattern in the observed polarization. This "B-mode" signal provides a measure of the projected mass distribution over the entire observable Universe and also acts as a contaminant for the measurement of primordial gravity-wave signals. In this Letter we present the first detection of gravitational lensing B modes, using first-season data from the polarization-sensitive receiver on the South Pole Telescope (SPTpol).

Dusty starburst galaxies in the early Universe as revealed by gravitational lensing.

In the past decade, our understanding of galaxy evolution has been revolutionized by the discovery that luminous, dusty starburst galaxies were 1,000 times more abundant in the early Universe than at present. It has, however, been difficult to measure the complete redshift distribution of these objects, especially at the highest redshifts (z > 4). Here we report a redshift survey at a wavelength of three millimetres, targeting carbon monoxide line emission from the star-forming molecular gas in the direction of extraordinarily bright millimetre-wave-selected sources.

Orthodontic treatment need in a representative adult cohort.

Background And Objective: There is currently no representative information for central Germany on the prevalence of dental malalignments and jaw discrepancies in permanent dentition. The aim of this study was to describe the extent of tooth and jaw malformations in a representative adult population according to conventional orthodontic indices.

Subjects And Methods: Three dimensionally (3D)-oriented study casts were measured from a representative sample of adults from the Halle and Leipzig urban areas consisting of 102 men and 143 women aged between 18 and 39 years, yielding a total of 245 volunteers.

Assessment of quality of life in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery.

Clinical Question: Analysis to date on the impact of a pronounced skeletal dentofacial deformity on quality of life remains inadequate.

Objective: The objective of this study was to introduce a validated and internationally comparable questionnaire for the assessment of quality of life, and to use this questionnaire in a consecutively-selected patient cohort.

Material And Methods: The Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) used internationally was translated into German and adapted in accordance with EU guidelines (OQLQ-G).

Effects of different brazing and welding methods on the fracture load of various orthodontic joining configurations.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the fracture load of different joints made by conventional brazing, tungston inert gas (TIG) and laser welding.

Materials And Methods: Six standardized joining configurations of spring hard quality orthodontic wire were investigated: end-to-end, round, cross, 3 mm length, 9 mm length and 6.5 mm to orthodontic band.

Over half of the far-infrared background light comes from galaxies at z >or= 1.2.

Submillimetre surveys during the past decade have discovered a population of luminous, high-redshift, dusty starburst galaxies. In the redshift range 1 View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Fracture strength of different soldered and welded orthodontic joining configurations with and without filling material.

The aim of this study was to compare the mechanical strength of different joints made by conventional brazing, TIG and laser welding with and without filling material. Five standardized joining configurations of orthodontic wire in spring hard quality were used: round, cross, 3 mm length, 9 mm length and 7 mm to orthodontic band. The joints were made by five different methods: brazing, tungsten inert gas (TIG) and laser welding with and without filling material.

Initial test results on bolometers for the Planck high frequency instrument.

We summarize the fabrication, flight qualification, and dark performance of bolometers completed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) of the joint ESA/NASA Herschel/Planck mission to be launched in 2009. The HFI is a multicolor focal plane which consists of 52 bolometers operated at 100 mK. Each bolometer is mounted to a feedhorn-filter assembly which defines one of six frequency bands centered between 100-857 GHz.

The influence of different disinfectants on primary impression materials.

Objective: To investigate the dimensional changes and the surface quality of dental impression materials after disinfection with 3 chemically different agents.

Method And Materials: Four alginate impression materials and 1 addition silicone material were selected. The impressions were made from a brass model simulating a 3-unit fixed partial denture.

Influence of different brazing and welding methods on tensile strength and microhardness of orthodontic stainless steel wire.

The aim of this study was to compare the mechanical strength and microhardness of joints made by conventional brazing and tungsten inert gas (TIG) and laser welding. A standardized end-to-end joint configuration of the orthodontic wire material in spring hard quality was used. The joints were made using five different methods: brazing (soldering > 450 degrees C) with universal silver solder, two TIG, and two laser welders.

Silicon nitride Micromesh Bolometer Array for Submillimeter Astrophysics.

We present the design and performance of a feedhorn-coupled bolometer array intended for a sensitive 350-mum photometer camera. Silicon nitride micromesh absorbers minimize the suspended mass and heat capacity of the bolometers. The temperature transducers, neutron-transmutation-doped Ge thermistors, are attached to the absorber with In bump bonds.

Reliability of the Beighton Hypermobility Index to determinate the general joint laxity performed by dentists.

Unlabelled: The findings in the literature concerning an association between general joint laxity (GJL) and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are inconsistent. Both differences in study designs and the lack of information about the precision of GJL measurements may be contributing to this inconsistency.

Aim: The aim of this study was thus to investigate the reliability (the inter-rater and intra-rater test-retest reliability and internal consistency) of GJL measurements taken by dentists in a general dental practice setting.

The importance of temporomandibular function for patient satisfaction following orthognathic surgery.

Aim: From the patient's point of view, the main reasons for undertaking orthognathic surgical treatment are esthetic improvements in dentofacial appearance. The aim of this study was to analyze various factors that influence patient satisfaction regarding treatment results.

Patients And Methods: A total of 102 (f = 67, m = 35) patients were examined after an average follow-up of 47 months.

Evaluation of vertical parameters in cephalometry.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the validity of different vertical parameters in cephalometry.

Materials And Methods: The cephalograms of 94 patients were used in this study. The inclusion criteria were as follows: skeletal Class I, completion of maximum skeletal growth, and no history of orthodontic therapy.

Complications of orthodontic-orthognathic surgery treatment in mentally handicapped patients.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse possible intra- and postoperative complications and long-term results in combined orthodontic-orthognathic treatment of mentally handicapped patients compared with a control group of patients without handicap.

Patients And Methods: A group of 20 mentally handicapped patients (male = 7, female = 13) and of 102 non-handicapped patients (male = 36, female = 66) were evaluated retrospectively. The results of the two point-discrimination sensory test and the cephalometric findings of both groups were assessed.

Classification of anterior open bite using individualized cephalometry.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the cephalometric characteristics of the open bite, and to classify the open bite according to individualized norms.

Material And Method: The lateral cephalograms of 134 patients with an anterior open bite (min -0.5 mm) were analyzed.

Possibilities and limitations of comprehensive treatment of mentally retarded patients with cleft lip, alveolus and palate.

The comprehensive, successful treatment of patients with cleft lip, alveolus and palate requires numerous surgical interventions and very close cooperation between various medical and dental specialists. The willingness and ability of the patient to undergo treatment are undoubtedly important factors in achieving optimal treatment outcomes. The presented case report shows that limited compliance makes it much more difficult for speech pathologists and orthodontists to treat mentally retarded patients.

[Temporomandibular function after malocclusion operations compared with a representative population group study].

Aim: The temporomandibular function of patients after orthognathic surgery was evaluated with the Helkimo index (D 0-III) and compared with a normal population.

Patients And Methods: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) were evaluated with the Helkimo index (D 0-III) in a group of patients (n=105, F=69, M=36) after osteotomies. The average follow-up time was 47 months (9-141 months).

Predicting the response of a submillimeter bolometer to cosmic rays.

Bolometers designed to detect submillimeter radiation also respond to cosmic, gamma, and x rays. Because detectors cannot be fully shielded from such energy sources, it is necessary to understand the effect of a photon or cosmic-ray particle being absorbed. The resulting signal (known as a glitch) can then be removed from raw data.