Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Chronic Pouchitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Pouchitis is a common complication after ileal-pouch anal anastomosis in patients with medically refractory ulcerative colitis. There has been a lack of high-level evidence focusing on the safety and efficacy outcomes of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). We aim to evaluate outcomes and complications of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for chronic pouchitis.

Barriers and Facilitators to Quality Healthcare for African Americans with Incarceration Histories.

Background: Prior research has shown that African American men and women are more likely to receive lower quality healthcare compared to their white counterparts, which is exacerbated in jail and prison healthcare systems.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore barriers and facilitators to quality healthcare among African American men and women released from Illinois State Prisons or Cook County Jail by examining their opinions and experiences with overall healthcare and cancer screening during and after incarceration.

Design: Four focus groups (n = 25 "co-researchers") were conducted to understand how formerly incarcerated African American men and women perceive and describe their experience of accessing, understanding, and utilizing healthcare during and after incarceration.

A call for a coherent One Health strategy for the surveillance of climate-sensitive infectious diseases in the Canadian Arctic and subarctic regions.

Introduction: The increased burden of climate-sensitive infectious diseases (CSIDs) within the circumpolar region, one of the many impacts of climate change, is impacting human, animal and ecosystem health. An integrated One Health approach to surveillance of CSIDs has been promoted by the scientific community as a prerequisite to enhance preparedness and response. Up to now, little is known about how the One Health approach has been implemented in surveillance systems for CSIDs in the Arctic and surrounding regions.

Tools, techniques, and challenges in preparing cytology specimens for ancillary studies: results of the ASC Optimizing Cytology and Small Biopsy Specimen Processing for Ancillary Studies task force survey.

Introduction: Ancillary testing on cytopathology and other small biopsy specimens is crucial for diagnosis and provides critical information to clinicians. Testing is dependent on preanalytic factors and would benefit from standardization of specimen collection protocols across laboratories. To assess institutional practices and areas of need for evidence-based standards, we surveyed current practices across cytopathology laboratories.

Aggregative responses of marine predators to a pulsed resource.

Pulsed resources resulting from animal migrations represent important, transient influxes of high resource availability into recipient communities. The ability of predators to respond and exploit these large increases in background resource availability, however, may be constrained when the timing and magnitude of the resource pulse vary across years. In coastal Newfoundland, Canada, we studied aggregative responses of multiple seabird predators to the annual inshore pulse of a key forage fish species, capelin (Mallotus villosus).

Recollection and familiarity support auditory working memory in a manner analogous to visual working memory.

Prior work has suggested that visual working memory as measured in change detection tasks can be based on recollection, whereby participants consciously identify a specific feature of a stimulus that has changed, or on familiarity, whereby participants sense that a change has occurred but are unable to consciously access what has changed. Whether recollection and familiarity also contribute to auditory working memory is unclear. The present study aims to address that gap in knowledge by having participants make confidence judgments in change detection tests for speech sounds and pure tones.

Efficient electroporation in primary cells with PEDOT:PSS electrodes.

Precise and efficient delivery of macromolecules into cells enhances basic biology research and therapeutic applications in cell therapies, drug delivery, and personalized medicine. While pulsed electric field electroporation effectively permeabilizes cell membranes to deliver payloads without the need for toxic chemical or viral transduction agents, conventional bulk electroporation devices face major challenges with cell viability and heterogeneity due to variations in fields generated across cells and electrochemistry at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Here, we introduce the use of microfabricated electrodes based on the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), which substantially increases cell viability and transfection efficiency.

2S/LGBTQ+ youth substance use and pathways to homelessness: A photovoice study.

Background: Studies have posited that substance use is associated with, or contributes to, homelessness for 2S/LGBTQ+ youth. However, interconnections between these issues are poorly articulated.

Methods: This community-based photovoice study describes the narratives used by 2S/LGBTQ+ youth about how substance use featured in their pathways to homelessness.

Emerging Echinococcus tapeworms: fecal PCR detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in 26 dogs from the United States and Canada (2022-2024).

Objective: To report quantitative PCR (qPCR) detection of Echinococcus multilocularis DNA in fecal samples from 26 dogs in the US and Canada.

Animals: 26 dogs with fecal samples submitted for parasite screening by qPCR.

Clinical Presentation: Dog signalment, presenting concern, preventive care, and outcomes were obtained from the primary veterinarian via email or telephone, where available.

The temporal sequence and reciprocal relationships of frailty, social isolation and loneliness in older adults across 21 years.

Background: It is unclear whether social isolation and loneliness may precede frailty status or whether frailty may precipitate social isolation and loneliness. We investigated the reciprocal and temporal sequence of social isolation, loneliness, and frailty among older adults across 21 years.

Methods: We used seven waves of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam from 2302 Dutch older adults (M = 72.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guided gynecologic/oncology surgery - The patient's perspective.

Objective: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways have demonstrated improvements in outcomes following benign gynecologic and gynecologic oncology surgery. However, there is limited data reporting the benefit of ERAS from the patient's perspective. This study aimed to explore patient knowledge of and experience with ERAS-guided surgery.

Homes of substance: Drugs and the making of home/lessness for 2S/LGBTQ+ youth.

Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual minority (2S/LGBTQ+) youth between the ages of 14 and 29 experience inequities in homelessness and substance use. Research in this area has explored substance use as a determinant of homelessness and/or as a coping mechanism, yet far less attention has been directed to the potentially generative role of drugs in this marginalizing context. This community-based photovoice study leverages data from 61 semi-structured interviews with 32 2S/LGBTQ+ youth experiencing homelessness and unstable housing to examine how drugs shape their practices and contexts of homemaking.

Opioid-specific harm reduction in the emergency department: how staff provide harm reduction and contextual factors that impact their capacity to engage in harm reduction practice.

Background: Emergency Departments (ED) staff, including nurses and physicians, are most directly involved in the care of people who use unregulated substances, and are ideally positioned to provide harm reduction interventions. Conceptualizing the ED as a complex adaptive system, this paper examines how ED staff experience opioid-specific harm reduction provision and engage in harm reduction practice, including potential facilitators and barriers to engagement.

Methods: Using a mixed methods approach, ED nurses and physicians completed a self-administered staff survey (n = 99) and one-on-one semi-structured interviews (n = 15).

An Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella Weltevreden Illnesses in the United States Linked to Frozen Precooked Shrimp Imported from India - 2021.

In 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and state partners investigated a multistate sample-initiated retrospective outbreak investigation (SIROI) consisting of a cluster of nine Salmonella Weltevreden illnesses associated with frozen, precooked shrimp imported from India.

Power-law properties of nocturnal arrhythmia avalanches: A novel marker for incident cardiovascular events.

Background: Bursting nonsustained cardiac arrhythmia events are a common observation during sleep.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that nocturnal arrhythmia episode durations could follow a power law, whose exponent could predict long-term clinical outcomes.

Methods: We defined "nocturnal arrhythmia avalanche" (NAA) as any instance of a drop in electrocardiographic (ECG) template-matched R-R intervals ≥30% of R-R baseline, followed by a return to 90% of baseline.

Comparative review of One Health and Indigenous approaches to wildlife research in Inuit Nunangat.

There is increasing interest in One Health and Indigenous methodologies and approaches in wildlife research, but they are not widely used research applications in the Arctic. Both approaches are wide in scope and originate from different knowledge systems but are often compared synonymously. We review the literature of overlap between the term One Health and Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (Inuit Indigenous Knowledge) throughout Inuit Nunaat on wildlife research.