Light-curing of restorative composite through milled and 3D-printed full-contour zirconia for adhesive luting.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of different zirconia compositions and manufacturing processes on the light irradiance (LI), to measure the degree of conversion (DC) of solely light-curing restorative composite underneath these zirconia grades and to evaluate the respective zirconia microstructures.

Methods: Six dental zirconia grades (GC HT, GC UHT [GC]; Katana HT, Katana UTML [Kuraray Noritake]; Lava Esthetic, Lava Plus [3 M Oral Care]) were cut and sintered per manufacturer instructions. One 3D-printed zirconia grade (XJet [XJET]) was prepared according to previous research.

The economic burden of diabetes in spinal fusion surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed at comparing the costs of spinal fusion surgery between patients with and without diabetes.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of four databases was conducted. A meta-analysis was performed on comparative studies examining diabetic versus non-diabetic adults undergoing cervical/lumbar fusion in terms of cost.

Substance use and disordered eating risk among college students with obsessive-compulsive conditions.

Purpose: College students are at higher risk for problematic substance use and disordered eating. Few studies have examined the comorbid risks associated with OCD despite the increased prevalence of OCD among young adults. This study examined substance use and disordered eating risk associated with OCD conditions among college students and how this association may vary by sex/gender.

Who gets better after surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy? A responder analysis from the multicenter Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network.

Background Context: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is the most common cause of acquired nontraumatic spinal cord injury worldwide. Surgery is a common treatment for DCM; however, outcomes often vary across patients.

Purpose: To inform preoperative education and counseling, we performed a responder analysis to identify factors associated with treatment response.

Engineered Mycobacteriophage TM4::GeNL Rapidly Determines Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, Linezolid, Rifampicin, and Clofazimine Sensitivity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates.

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a growing public health threat, and early characterization of the resistance phenotype is essential for guiding treatment and mitigating the high mortality associated with the disease. However, the slow growth rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, necessitates several weeks for conventional culture-dependent drug susceptibility testing (DST). In addition, there are no widely available molecular diagnostic assays for evaluating resistance to newer tuberculosis drugs or drugs with complex resistance mechanisms.

Measurement of Angular Coefficients of B[over ¯]→D^{*}ℓν[over ¯]_{ℓ}: Implications for |V_{cb}| and Tests of Lepton Flavor Universality.

We measure the complete set of angular coefficients J_{i} for exclusive B[over ¯]→D^{*}ℓν[over ¯]_{ℓ} decays (ℓ=e, μ). Our analysis uses the full 711  fb^{-1} Belle dataset with hadronic tag-side reconstruction. The results allow us to extract the form factors describing the B[over ¯]→D^{*} transition and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |V_{cb}|.

Patterns of Alcohol, Cannabis, and E-Cigarette Use/Co-Use and Mental Health Among U.S. College Students.

Substance use and mental health are highly correlated, though few studies assess the risk for depression and anxiety associated with dual and polysubstance use among college students. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between alcohol, cannabis, and e-cigarette exclusive, dual, and polysubstance use and depression and anxiety among U.S.

Satisfaction in surgically treated patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy: an observational study from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network.

Background Context: Healthcare reimbursement is evolving towards a value-based model, entwined and emphasizing patient satisfaction. Factors associated with satisfaction after degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) surgery have not been previously established.

Purpose: Our primary objective was to ascertain satisfaction rates and satisfaction predictors at 3 and 12 months following surgical treatment for DCM.

Search for Rare b→dℓ^{+}ℓ^{-} Transitions at Belle.

We present the results of a search for the b→dℓ^{+}ℓ^{-} flavor-changing neutral-current rare decays B^{+,0}→(η,ω,π^{+,0},ρ^{+,0})e^{+}e^{-} and B^{+,0}→(η,ω,π^{0},ρ^{+})μ^{+}μ^{-} using a 711  fb^{-1} data sample that contains 772×10^{6}  BB[over ¯] events. The data were collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. We find no evidence for signal and set upper limits on branching fractions at the 90% confidence level in the range (3.

Prognostic Factors for Outcome of Fusion Surgery in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain - A Systematic Review.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review aims to identify prognostic factors, encompassing biomedical and psychosocial variables, linked to outcome of fusion surgery for chronic low back pain (CLBP) in single or two-level lumbar degenerative spinal disorders. Identifying these factors is crucial for decision making and therefore long-term treatment outcome.

Intravenous Immunization with Triple Auxotrophs of : A novel vaccine strategy against tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis, caused by ( ), remains a leading infectious cause of mortality worldwide despite widespread use of the BCG vaccine and the availability of sterilizing pharmacopoeia. Recent research indicates that the intravenous administration of BCG confers sterilizing immunity against pulmonary challenge in non-human primates. However, while BCG is relatively safe, complications such as disseminated BCGosis have been observed in immunocompromised individuals.

Psychosocial and Structural Correlates of Tobacco Use Among Black Young Adults.

Introduction: U.S.- and foreign-born Black young adults often have different cultural backgrounds and experiences that can an affect the types of, extent of, and response to the psychosocial stressors encountered.

Measurements of the Branching Fraction, Polarization, and CP Asymmetry for the Decay B^{0}→ωω.

We present a comprehensive study of B^{0}→ωω decays using 772×10^{6}  BB[over ¯] pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e^{+}e^{-} collider. This process is a suppressed charmless decay into two vector mesons and can exhibit interesting polarization and CP violation. The decay is observed for the first time with a significance of 7.

Search for Baryon-Number-Violating Processes in B^{-} Decays to the Ξ[over ¯]_{c}^{0}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-} Final State.

We report the results of the first search for B^{-} decays to the Ξ[over ¯]_{c}^{0}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-} final state using 711  fb^{-1} of data collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. The results are interpreted in terms of both direct baryon-number-violating B^{-} decay and Ξ_{c}^{0}-Ξ[over ¯]_{c}^{0} oscillations which follow the standard model decay B^{-}→Ξ_{c}^{0}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-}. We observe no evidence for baryon number violation and set the 95% confidence-level upper limits on the ratio of baryon-number-violating and standard model branching fractions B(B^{-}→Ξ[over ¯]_{c}^{0}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-})/B(B^{-}→Ξ_{c}^{0}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-}) to be <2.

Surgical versus conservative treatment for odontoid fractures in older people: an international prospective comparative study.

Background: The optimal treatment for odontoid fractures in older people remains debated. Odontoid fractures are increasingly relevant to clinical practice due to ageing of the population.

Methods: An international prospective comparative study was conducted in fifteen European centres, involving patients aged ≥55 years with type II/III odontoid fractures.

Observation of Strong Nuclear Suppression in Exclusive J/ψ Photoproduction in Au+Au Ultraperipheral Collisions at RHIC.

We report a measurement of exclusive J/ψ and ψ(2s) photoproduction in Au+Au ultraperipheral collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV using the STAR detector. For the first time, (i) the ψ(2s) photoproduction in midrapidity at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider has been experimentally measured; (ii) nuclear suppression factors are measured for both the coherent and incoherent J/ψ production. At average photon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 25.

Health-related word recognition and pronunciation by patients in Gauteng, South Africa in English and native languages.

Background:  Low health literacy has been found to affect people's ability to take care of their own health and follow the principles of disease prevention. Incomprehension of health education and healthcare instructions may lead to poor health outcomes.

Aim:  The aim of the study was to describe and compare a sample of primary healthcare patient's ability to recognise and pronounce health-related words in English and in his or her native language.

Descriptive Epidemiology of New York City Older Adult Patients With Multiple Chronic Conditions.

We characterized comorbidity profiles and cardiometabolic risk factors among older adults with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) in New York City using an intersectionality approach. Electronic health record data were obtained from the INSIGHT Clinical Research Network on 367,901 New York City residents aged 50 years or older with MCCs. Comorbidity profiles were heterogeneous.

RNA-based logic for selective protein expression in senescent cells.

Cellular senescence is a cellular state characterized by irreversible growth arrest, resistance to apoptosis and secretion of inflammatory molecules, which is causally linked to the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. Besides, there is accumulating evidence that selective removal of senescent cells can benefit therapies for cancer and fibrosis by modulating the inflammatory microenvironment. While the field of so-called senolytics has spawned promising small molecules and peptides for the selective removal of senescent cells, there is still no effective means to detect senescent cells in vivo, a prerequisite for understanding the role of senescence in pathophysiology and to assess the effectiveness of treatments aimed at removing senescent cells.

A viral vaccine design harnessing prior BCG immunization confers protection against Ebola virus.

Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy and feasibility of an anti-viral vaccine strategy that takes advantage of pre-existing CD4 helper T (Th) cells induced by bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. This strategy uses immunization with recombinant fusion proteins comprised of a cell surface expressed viral antigen, such as a viral envelope glycoprotein, engineered to contain well-defined BCG Th cell epitopes, thus rapidly recruiting Th cells induced by prior BCG vaccination to provide intrastructural help to virus-specific B cells. In the current study, we show that Th cells induced by BCG were localized predominantly outside of germinal centers and promoted antibody class switching to isotypes characterized by strong Fc receptor interactions and effector functions.

Emergence of Multiphase Condensates from a Limited Set of Chemical Building Blocks.

Biomolecules composed of a limited set of chemical building blocks can colocalize into distinct, spatially segregated compartments known as biomolecular condensates. While many condensates are known to form spontaneously via phase separation, it has been unclear how immiscible condensates with precisely controlled molecular compositions assemble from a small number of chemical building blocks. We address this question by establishing a connection between the specificity of biomolecular interactions and the thermodynamic stability of coexisting condensates.

Boosting Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Strain via Zinc-Dependent Ribosomal Proteins.

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major global health burden and kills over a million people annually. New immunization strategies are required for the development of an efficacious TB vaccine that can potentially induce sterilizing immunity. In this study, we first confirmed that a live vaccine strain of , previously designated as IKEPLUS, conferred a higher survival benefit than the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in a murine model of intravenous (Mtb) infection.

Unraveling mRNA delivery bottlenecks of ineffective delivery vectors by co-transfection with effective carriers.

The messenger RNA (mRNA) SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of this novel drug modality. Protein expression is the consequence of a multistep delivery process that relies on proper packaging into nanoparticle carriers to protect the mRNA against degradation enabling effective cellular uptake and endosomal release, and liberating the mRNA in the cytosol. Bottlenecks along this route remain challenging to pinpoint.