Editorial Commentary: Irreparable, Symptomatic, Hip Labral Tears Should Be Reconstructed in Patients without Osteoarthritis. However, Comparison of the Two, as Well as Allograft versus Autograft Reconstruction, Is Challenging.

Hip acetabular labrum plays a chondroprotective role by maintaining stability, providing a suction seal, and contributing to load distribution. In symptomatic patients without osteoarthritis, arthroscopic labral repair has strong clinical and biomechanical data to support its use. For irreparable tears, the labrum should be reconstructed.

Role of Crystalloids in the Perioperative Setting: From Basics to Clinical Applications and Enhanced Recovery Protocols.

Perioperative fluid management, a critical aspect of major surgeries, is characterized by pronounced stress responses, altered capillary permeability, and significant fluid shifts. Recognized as a cornerstone of enhanced recovery protocols, effective perioperative fluid management is crucial for optimizing patient recovery and preventing postoperative complications, especially in high-risk patients. The scientific literature has extensively investigated various fluid infusion regimens, but recent publications indicate that not only the volume but also the type of fluid infused significantly influences surgical outcomes.

Combining cytotoxic agents with continuous dose levels in seamless phase I-II clinical trials.

Phase I-II cancer clinical trial designs are intended to accelerate drug development. In cases where efficacy cannot be ascertained in a short period of time, it is common to divide the study in two stages: i) a first stage in which dose is escalated based only on toxicity data and we look for the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) set and ii) a second stage in which we search for the most efficacious dose within the MTD set. Current available approaches in the area of continuous dose levels involve fixing the MTD after stage I and discarding all collected stage I efficacy data.

Drimane Sesquiterpene Aldehydes Control Yeast Isolated from Candidemia in Chilean Patients.

J.R. (Winteraceae) produce drimane sesquiterpenoids with activity against yeast.

Transcriptional Profile Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Treated with Androgen Deprivation and Docetaxel.

(1) Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and docetaxel (DX) combination is a standard therapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients. (2) Methods: We investigate if tumor transcriptomic analysis predicts mHSPC evolution in a multicenter retrospective biomarker study. A customized panel of 184 genes was tested in mRNA from tumor samples by the nCounter platform in 125 mHSPC patients treated with ADT+DX.

Lymphoedema conditions disrupt endothelial barrier function .

Lymphatic vessel contractions generate net antegrade pulsatile lymph flow. By contrast, impaired lymphatic vessels are often associated with lymphoedema and altered lymph flow. The effect of lymphoedema on the lymph flow field and endothelium is not completely known.

Real-world effectiveness of caplacizumab vs the standard of care in immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a thrombotic microangiopathy caused by anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies. Caplacizumab is approved for adults with an acute episode of iTTP in conjunction with plasma exchange (PEX) and immunosuppression. The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the safety and efficacy of caplacizumab vs the standard of care and assess the effect of the concomitant use of rituximab.

Extracellular vimentin mimics VEGF and is a target for anti-angiogenic immunotherapy.

Anti-angiogenic cancer therapies possess immune-stimulatory properties by counteracting pro-angiogenic molecular mechanisms. We report that tumor endothelial cells ubiquitously overexpress and secrete the intermediate filament protein vimentin through type III unconventional secretion mechanisms. Extracellular vimentin is pro-angiogenic and functionally mimics VEGF action, while concomitantly acting as inhibitor of leukocyte-endothelial interactions.

Identification of Small, Regularly Shaped Cerebral Aneurysms Prone to Rupture.

Background And Purpose: Many small, regularly shaped cerebral aneurysms rupture; however, they usually receive a low score based on current risk-assessment methods. Our goal was to identify patient and aneurysm characteristics associated with rupture of small, regularly shaped aneurysms and to develop and validate predictive models of rupture in this aneurysm subpopulation.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional data from 1079 aneurysms smaller than 7 mm with regular shapes (without blebs) were used to train predictive models for aneurysm rupture using machine learning methods.

Phosphoproteomic profiling of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia reveals targetable kinases and combination treatment strategies.

Protein kinase inhibitors are amongst the most successful cancer treatments, but targetable kinases activated by genomic abnormalities are rare in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nevertheless, kinases can be activated in the absence of genetic defects. Thus, phosphoproteomics can provide information on pathway activation and signaling networks that offer opportunities for targeted therapy.

Stent strut streamlining and thickness reduction promote endothelialization.

Stent thrombosis (ST) carries a high risk of myocardial infarction and death. Lack of endothelial coverage is an important prognostic indicator of ST after stenting. While stent strut thickness is a critical factor in ST, a mechanistic understanding of its effect is limited and the role of haemodynamics is unclear.

Neutrophil degranulation interconnects over-represented biological processes in atrial fibrillation.

Despite our expanding knowledge about the mechanism underlying atrial fibrillation (AF), the interplay between the biological events underlying AF remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to identify the functionally enriched gene-sets in AF and capture their interconnection via pivotal factors, that may drive or be driven by AF. Global abundance of the proteins in the left atrium of AF patients compared to control patients (n = 3/group), and the functionally enriched biological processes in AF were determined by mass-spectrometry and gene set enrichment analysis, respectively.

Early Neurological Change After Ischemic Stroke Is Associated With 90-Day Outcome.

Background And Purpose: Large-scale observational studies of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) promise to reveal mechanisms underlying cerebral ischemia. However, meaningful quantitative phenotypes attainable in large patient populations are needed. We characterize a dynamic metric of AIS instability, defined by change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (NIHSS) from baseline to 24 hours baseline to 24 hours (NIHSS - NIHSS = ΔNIHSS), to examine its relevance to AIS mechanisms and long-term outcomes.

Reliability of the Modified TICI Score among Endovascular Neurosurgeons.

Background And Purpose: The modified TICI score is the benchmark for quantifying reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy. There has been limited investigation into the reliability of this score. We aim to identify intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the mTICI score among endovascular neurosurgeons.

Genomewide Association Study of Severe Covid-19 with Respiratory Failure.

Background: There is considerable variation in disease behavior among patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Genomewide association analysis may allow for the identification of potential genetic factors involved in the development of Covid-19.

Methods: We conducted a genomewide association study involving 1980 patients with Covid-19 and severe disease (defined as respiratory failure) at seven hospitals in the Italian and Spanish epicenters of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Europe.

Racial Variation in Stroke Risk Among Women by Stroke Risk Factors.

Background and Purpose- In the United States, black Americans exhibit a greater risk of stroke and burden of stroke risk factors than whites; however, it is unclear whether these stroke risk factors influence stroke risk differently across racial groups. Methods- In total, 126 018 participants of the Women's Health Initiative (11 389 black and 114 629 white women), free of stroke and coronary heart disease at baseline (1994-1998), were followed through 2010. Participants completed baseline clinical exams with standardized measurements of blood pressure and anthropometrics, medication inventory and self-reported questionnaires on sociodemographics, behaviors/lifestyle, and medical history.

PATJ Low Frequency Variants Are Associated With Worse Ischemic Stroke Functional Outcome.

Rationale: Ischemic stroke is among the leading causes of adult disability. Part of the variability in functional outcome after stroke has been attributed to genetic factors but no locus has been consistently associated with stroke outcome.

Objective: Our aim was to identify genetic loci influencing the recovery process using accurate phenotyping to produce the largest GWAS (genome-wide association study) in ischemic stroke recovery to date.

Identification of Hostile Hemodynamics and Geometries of Cerebral Aneurysms: A Case-Control Study.

Background And Purpose: Hostile hemodynamic conditions and geometries are thought to predispose aneurysms for instability and rupture. This study compares stable, unstable, and ruptured aneurysms while controlling for location and patient characteristics.

Materials And Methods: The hemodynamics and geometries of 165 stable, 65 unstable, and 554 ruptured aneurysms were compared.

Hemodynamic Characteristics of Ruptured and Unruptured Multiple Aneurysms at Mirror and Ipsilateral Locations.

Background And Purpose: Different hemodynamic patterns have been associated with aneurysm rupture. The objective was to test whether hemodynamic characteristics of the ruptured aneurysm in patients with multiple aneurysms were different from those in unruptured aneurysms in the same patient.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four mirror and 58 ipsilateral multiple aneurysms with 1 ruptured and the others unruptured were studied.

Angioarchitectures and Hemodynamic Characteristics of Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms and Their Association with Rupture Status.

Background And Purpose: Intracranial aneurysms originating at the posterior communicating artery are known to have high rupture risk compared with other locations. We tested the hypothesis that different angioarchitectures (ie, branch point configuration) of posterior communicating artery aneurysms are associated with aneurysm hemodynamics, which in turn predisposes aneurysms to rupture.

Materials And Methods: A total of 313 posterior communicating artery aneurysms (145 ruptured, 168 unruptured) were studied with image-based computational fluid dynamics.

Genotyping low-grade gliomas among Hispanics.

Background: Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are classified by the World Health Organization as astrocytoma (DA), oligodendroglioma (OD), and mixed oligoastrocytoma (OA). TP53 mutation and 1p19q codeletion are the most-commonly documented molecular abnormalities. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1/2 mutations are frequent in LGGs; however, IDH-negative gliomas can also occur.

Optical quality and visual performance after cataract surgery with biaxial microincision intraocular lens implantation.

Purpose: To evaluate the time course of the optical quality and visual performance with a microincision monofocal intraocular lens (Incise).

Setting: Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain.

Design: Prospective study.