SEAD reference panel with 22,134 haplotypes boosts rare variant imputation and genome-wide association analysis in Asian populations.

Limited whole genome sequencing (WGS) studies in Asian populations result in a lack of representative reference panels, thus hindering the discovery of ancestry-specific variants. Here, we present the South and East Asian reference Database (SEAD) panel ( https://imputationserver.westlake.

A feasibility study of using virtual noncontrast images synthesized from dual-energy computed tomography for radiotherapy treatment planning.

Background: In the traditional computed tomography (CT) simulation process, patients need to undergo CT scans before and after injection of iodine-based contrast agent, resulting in a cumbersome workflow and additional imaging dose. Contrast-enhanced spectral CT can synthesize true contrast-enhanced (TCE) images and virtual noncontrast (VNC) images in a single scan without geometric misalignment. To improve work efficiency and reduce patients' imaging dose, we studied the feasibility of using VNC images for radiotherapy treatment planning, with true noncontrast (TNC) images as references and explored its dosimetric advantages compared to using TCE images.

Generation, Characterization, and Preclinical Studies of a Novel NKG2A-Targeted Antibody BRY805 for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Immuno-oncology has revolutionized cancer treatment, with NKG2A emerging as a novel target for immunotherapy. The blockade of NKG2A using the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monalizumab has been shown to enhance the responses of both NK cells and CD8+ T cells. However, monalizumab has demonstrated limited efficacy in in vitro cytotoxic assays and clinical trials.

Diagnosing Quantum Phase Transition Order and Deconfined Criticality via Entanglement Entropy.

We study the scaling behavior of the Rényi entanglement entropy with smooth boundaries at the putative deconfined critical point separating the Néel antiferromagnetic and valence-bond-solid states of the two-dimensional J-Q_{3} model. We observe a subleading logarithmic term with a coefficient indicating the presence of four Goldstone modes, signifying the presence of an SO(5) symmetry at the transition point, which spontaneously breaks into an O(4) symmetry in the thermodynamic limit. This result supports the conjecture that an SO(5) symmetry emerges at the transition point, but reveals the transition to be weakly first-order.

Microwave Ablation versus Surgical Resection for US-detected Multifocal T1N0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A 10-Center Study.

Background Microwave ablation (MWA) is currently under preliminary investigation for the treatment of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and has shown promising treatment efficacy. Compared with surgical resection (SR), MWA is minimally invasive and could preserve thyroid function. However, a comparative analysis between MWA and SR is warranted to draw definitive conclusions.

Effect of Menopause Status on Brain Perfusion Hemodynamics.

Background: The menopause transition is associated with an increasing risk of cerebrovascular disorders. However, the direct effect of menopause status on brain perfusion hemodynamics remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the influence of menopause status on cerebral blood flow (CBF) using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging.

Omicron BQ.1.1 and XBB.1 unprecedentedly escape broadly neutralizing antibodies elicited by prototype vaccination.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariants have seriously attacked the antibody barrier established by natural infection and/or vaccination, especially the recently emerged BQ.1.1 and XBB.

Immunogenicity and safety of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in Chinese adults: A phase 2 randomised clinical trial.

Background: BNT162b2, an mRNA vaccine against COVID-19, is being utilised worldwide, but immunogenicity and safety data in Chinese individuals are limited.

Methods: This phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included healthy or medically stable individuals aged 18-85 years enrolled at two clinical sites in China. Participants were stratified by age (≤55 or >55 years) and randomly assigned (3:1) by an independent randomisation professional to receive two doses of intramuscular BNT162b2 30 μg or placebo, administered 21 days apart.

Efficacy and Safety of Thermal Ablation for Treatment of Solitary T1N0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background Microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) have recently attracted interest as minimally invasive treatment modalities for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the ablation outcomes of T1N0M0 PTC are not well characterized. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation (MWA or RFA) of solitary T1N0M0 PTC in patients who were ineligible for (due to presence of comorbid cardiovascular disease, renal failure, other malignancy, etc) or who refused surgery.

Barcoded viral tracing of single-cell interactions in central nervous system inflammation.

Cell-cell interactions control the physiology and pathology of the central nervous system (CNS). To study astrocyte cell interactions in vivo, we developed rabies barcode interaction detection followed by sequencing (RABID-seq), which combines barcoded viral tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Using RABID-seq, we identified axon guidance molecules as candidate mediators of microglia-astrocyte interactions that promote CNS pathology in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and, potentially, multiple sclerosis (MS).

Safety and efficacy of remote ischemic postconditioning after thrombolysis in patients with stroke.

Objective: To determine the effect of remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPC) on patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing IV thrombolysis (IVT).

Methods: A single-center randomized controlled trial was performed with patients with AIS receiving IVT. Patients in the RIPC group were administered RIPC treatment (after IVT) during hospitalization.

Association of CSF Aβ, amyloid PET, and cognition in cognitively unimpaired elderly adults.

Objective: To compare CSF β-amyloid (Aβ) and florbetapir PET measurements in cognitively unimpaired (CU) elderly adults in order to detect the earliest abnormalities and compare their predictive effect for cognitive decline.

Methods: A total of 259 CU individuals were categorized as abnormal (+) or normal (-) on CSF Aβ/Aβ analyzed with mass spectrometry and Aβ PET measured with F-florbetapir. Simultaneous longitudinal measurements of CSF and PET were compared for 39 individuals who were unambiguously Aβ-negative at baseline (CSF-/PET-).

LncRNA SNHG16 functions as an oncogene by sponging miR-200a-3p in pancreatic cancer.

Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "LncRNA SNHG16 functions as an oncogene by sponging miR-200a-3p in pancreatic cancer, by J.-Q. Guo, Z.

Association of Inpatient Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers With Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized With COVID-19.

Rationale: Use of ACEIs (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) and ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers) is a major concern for clinicians treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with hypertension.

Objective: To determine the association between in-hospital use of ACEI/ARB and all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension and hospitalized due to COVID-19.

Methods And Results: This retrospective, multi-center study included 1128 adult patients with hypertension diagnosed with COVID-19, including 188 taking ACEI/ARB (ACEI/ARB group; median age 64 [interquartile range, 55-68] years; 53.

Injectable antibacterial conductive nanocomposite cryogels with rapid shape recovery for noncompressible hemorrhage and wound healing.

Developing injectable antibacterial and conductive shape memory hemostatic with high blood absorption and fast recovery for irregularly shaped and noncompressible hemorrhage remains a challenge. Here we report injectable antibacterial conductive cryogels based on carbon nanotube (CNT) and glycidyl methacrylate functionalized quaternized chitosan for lethal noncompressible hemorrhage hemostasis and wound healing. These cryogels present robust mechanical strength, rapid blood-triggered shape recovery and absorption speed, and high blood uptake capacity.

Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 Inhibits Neointima Formation by Engaging Krüppel-Like Factor 4 Signaling.

Background: The mechanisms underlying neointima formation remain unclear. Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs), which are key innate immune regulators, play important roles in cardiometabolic diseases. However, the function of IRF4 in arterial restenosis is unknown.

Hierarchically Aligning 10 Legume Genomes Establishes a Family-Level Genomics Platform.

Mainly due to their economic importance, genomes of 10 legumes, including soybean (), wild peanut ( and ), and barrel medic (), have been sequenced. However, a family-level comparative genomics analysis has been unavailable. With grape () and selected legume genomes as outgroups, we managed to perform a hierarchical and event-related alignment of these genomes and deconvoluted layers of homologous regions produced by ancestral polyploidizations or speciations.

Eight new bibenzyl derivatives from Dendrobium candidum.

Eight bibenzyl derivatives, namely dendrocandins J-Q (1-8), were isolated from the stems of Dendrobium candidum. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectrometry. Compounds 1-8 were examined for antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay, and the IC50 values were 36.

Density functional theory calculations in stereochemical determination of terpecurcumins J-W, cytotoxic terpene-conjugated curcuminoids from Curcuma longa L.

Fourteen novel terpene-conjugated curcuminoids, terpecurcumins J-W (1-14), have been isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. Among them, terpecurcumins J-Q and V represent four unprecedented skeletons featuring an unusual core of hydrobenzannulated[6,6]-spiroketal (1 and 2), bicyclo[2.2.