Benralizumab does not elicit therapeutic effect in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria: results from the phase IIb multinational randomized double-blind placebo-controlled ARROYO trial.

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a relatively common skin disease associated with hives and angio-oedema. Eosinophils play a role in CSU pathogenesis. Benralizumab, an anti-interleukin-5 receptor-α monoclonal antibody, has been shown to induce nearly complete depletion of eosinophils.

Lung Function in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis before and during -Modulator Therapy Using 3D Ultrashort Echo Time MRI.

Background The triple combination of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) modulators elexacaftor, tezacaftor, and ivacaftor (hereafter, elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor) has a positive effect on lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Purpose To compare three-dimensional (3D) ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI functional lung data to common functional lung parameters in assessing lung function in patients with CF undergoing elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor therapy. Materials and Methods In this prospective feasibility study, 16 participants with CF consented to undergo pulmonary MRI with a breath-hold 3D UTE sequence at baseline (April 2018-June 2019) and follow-up (April-July 2021).

Diffusion-weighted Breast MRI at 3 Tesla: Improved Lesion Visibility and Image Quality with a Combination of Water-excitation and Spectral Fat Saturation.

Rationale And Objectives: In breast MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), fat suppression is essential for eliminating the dominant lipid signal. This investigation evaluates a combined water-excitation-spectral-fatsat method (WEXfs) versus standard spectral attenuated inversion recovery (SPAIR) in high-resolution 3-Tesla breast MRI.

Materials And Methods: Multiparametric breast MRI with 2 echo-planar DWI sequences was performed in 83 patients (50.

High Lead Exposure Associated With Higher Blood Pressure in Haiti: a Warning Sign for Low-Income Countries.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in lower-income countries including Haiti. Environmental lead exposure is associated with high blood pressure and cardiovascular mortality in high-income countries but has not been systematically measured and evaluated as a potential modifiable cardiovascular risk factor in lower-income countries where 6.5 billion people reside.

Functional MRI of the Lungs Using Single Breath-Hold and Self-Navigated Ultrashort Echo Time Sequences.

Purpose: To evaluate three-dimensional (3D) ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI regarding image quality and suitability for functional image analysis using gradient-echo sequences in breath-hold and with self-navigation.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective exploratory study, 10 patients (mean age, 21 years; age range, 5-58 years; five men) and 10 healthy control participants (mean age, 25 years; age range, 10-39 years; five men) underwent 3D UTE MRI at 3.0 T.

Three-dimensional Ultrashort Echo Time MRI for Functional Lung Imaging in Cystic Fibrosis.

Background In cystic fibrosis (CF), recurrent imaging and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are needed for the assessment of lung function during disease management. Purpose To assess the clinical feasibility of pulmonary three-dimensional ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI at breath holding for quantitative image analysis of ventilation inhomogeneity and hyperinflation in CF compared with PFT. Materials and Methods In this prospective study from May 2018 to June 2019, participants with CF and healthy control participants underwent PFTs and functional lung MRI by using a prototypical single breath-hold three-dimensional UTE sequence.

Fracture-Associated Bruising and Soft Tissue Swelling in Young Children With Skull Fractures: How Sensitive Are They to Fracture Presence?

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine how reliable scalp bruising and soft tissue swelling/cephalohematomas (STS) are for underlying young child skull fractures.

Methods: This was a retrospective clinical and imaging review from 2011 to 2012 of children younger than 4 years with skull fractures from 2 tertiary care hospitals. Imaging was reread by 3 pediatric radiologists.

Mechanical control of crystal symmetry and superconductivity in Weyl semimetal MoTe.

The noncentrosymmetric Weyl semimetal candidate MoTe was investigated through neutron-diffraction and transport measurements at pressures up to 1.5 GPa and at temperatures down to 40 mK. Centrosymmetric and noncentrosymmetric structural phases were found to coexist in the superconducting state.

A precision oncology approach to the pharmacological targeting of mechanistic dependencies in neuroendocrine tumors.

We introduce and validate a new precision oncology framework for the systematic prioritization of drugs targeting mechanistic tumor dependencies in individual patients. Compounds are prioritized on the basis of their ability to invert the concerted activity of master regulator proteins that mechanistically regulate tumor cell state, as assessed from systematic drug perturbation assays. We validated the approach on a cohort of 212 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), a rare malignancy originating in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract.

Diagnostic utility of aquaporin-4 in the analysis of active demyelinating lesions.

Objective: To assess, in a surgical biopsy cohort of active demyelinating lesions, the diagnostic utility of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) immunohistochemistry in identifying neuromyelitis optica (NMO) or NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and describe pathologic features that should prompt AQP4 immunohistochemical analysis and AQP4-immunoglobulin G (IgG) serologic testing.

Methods: This was a neuropathologic cohort study of 20 surgical biopsies (19 patients; 11 cord/9 brain), performed because of diagnostic uncertainty, interpreted as active demyelinating disease and containing 2 or more of the following additional features: tissue vacuolation, granulocytic infiltrates, or astrocyte injury.

Results: AQP4 immunoreactivity was lost in 18 biopsies and increased in 2.