Effects of Lifestyle Intervention on Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Obese Adults.

Accumulating evidence linking trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk has prompted interest in developing therapeutic strategies to reduce its production. We compared two lifestyle intervention approaches: hypocaloric versus eucaloric diet, combined with exercise, on TMAO levels in relation to CVD risk factors. Sixteen obese adults (66.

A Whole-Grain Diet Reduces Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Increased dietary whole-grain intake may protect against cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of whole grains compared with refined grains on body composition, hypertension, and related mediators of CVD in overweight and obese adults.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, controlled crossover trial in 40 overweight or obese men and women aged <50 y with no known history of CVD.

Glucose-stimulated oxidative stress in mononuclear cells is related to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Context: Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is involved in the development of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.

Objective: We determined the relationship between mononuclear cell (MNC)-derived ROS generation and p47phox protein content in response to glucose ingestion and β-cell function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

Effect of creatine supplementation on muscle capacity in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

There has been interest in the use of exogenous creatine (Cr) as an adjunct treatment for neurological disorders. Creatine enhances bouts of activity through augmenting phosphocreatine for increased synthesis of ATP; however, multiple sclerosis (MS) individuals suffering from muscle weakness have not been shown to improve muscle work after 5 days of Cr supplementation. This study's purpose was to determine whether the extended duration would increase muscle capacity.