Changes in Cardiovascular Health Across Midlife and Late-Life and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Markers of Cerebral Vascular Disease in Late-Life.

Background: Cardiovascular health may be used for prevention of cerebral vascular disease; however, data on the association of cardiovascular health across midlife and late-life with late-life cerebral vascular disease are lacking. Our aim was to examine whether midlife or late-life cardiovascular health as well as changes of cardiovascular health within midlife and between midlife and late-life were associated with prevalence of magnetic resonance imaging markers of cerebral vascular disease at late-life.

Methods: Prospective cohort study including 1638 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study who took part in 2 visits at midlife (mean ages, 53 and 59 years), and a late-life visit (mean age, 76 years).

Ultrasensitive Troponin I and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: To examine the association of ultrasensitive cTnI (cardiac troponin I) with incident cardiovascular disease events (CVDs) in the primary prevention setting.

Methods: cTnI was analyzed in the baseline plasma (2008-2012) of CVD-free volunteers from the Paris Prospective Study III using a novel ultrasensitive immunoassay (Simoa Troponin-I 2.0 Kit, Quanterix, Lexington) with a limit of detection of 0.

Cross-Ancestry Investigation of Venous Thromboembolism Genomic Predictors.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a life-threatening vascular event with environmental and genetic determinants. Recent VTE genome-wide association studies (GWAS) meta-analyses involved nearly 30 000 VTE cases and identified up to 40 genetic loci associated with VTE risk, including loci not previously suspected to play a role in hemostasis. The aim of our research was to expand discovery of new genetic loci associated with VTE by using cross-ancestry genomic resources.

Poor Masticatory Capacity and Blood Biomarkers of Elevated Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Community: The Paris Prospective Study III.

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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Is Independently Associated With Decreased Neural Baroreflex Sensitivity: The Paris Prospective Study III.

Objective: Impaired baroreflex function is an early indicator of cardiovascular autonomic imbalance. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) have decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), however, whether the neural BRS (nBRS) and mechanical component of the BRS is altered in those with high metabolic risk (HMR, impaired fasting glucose and metabolic syndrome) or with overt T2D, is unknown. We examined this in a community-based observational study, the Paris Prospective Study III (PPS3).

Association Between Occupational, Sport, and Leisure Related Physical Activity and Baroreflex Sensitivity: The Paris Prospective Study III.

Physical activity (PA) is a preventative behavior for noncommunicable disease. However, little consideration is given as to whether different domains of PA have differing associations with health outcomes. We sought to determine the association between occupational, sport, leisure, and total PA with baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), distinguishing between neural (nBRS) and mechanical (mBRS) BRS.

Incidence, Mortality, and Outcome-Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Arrest Complicating Myocardial Infarction Prior to Hospital Admission.

Background: Mortality of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) decreased drastically, mainly through reduction in inhospital mortality. Prehospital sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) became one of the most feared complications. We assessed the incidence, outcome, and prognosis' predictors of prehospital SCA occurring after emergency medical services (EMS) arrival.

Body Silhouette Trajectories Across the Lifespan and Vascular Aging.

Vascular aging is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease and can be quantified by higher carotid stiffness, intima-media thickness and diameter, and hypertension. Weight gain across the lifetime may be an important, modifiable determinant of vascular aging. We therefore aimed to assess lifetime body silhouette trajectories (a marker of weight change across the lifespan) in relation to vascular aging in late adulthood.

Socioeconomic Status and Hypertension Control in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Multination EIGHT Study (Evaluation of Hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa).

Systemic hypertension is a rapidly growing epidemic in Africa. The role of socioeconomic status on blood pressure control has not been well studied in this part of the world. We, therefore, aimed to quantify the association of socioeconomic status both at the individual and at the country level with blood pressure control in Sub-Saharan Africa.

When Blue-Collars Feel Blue: Depression and Low Occupational Grade as Synergistic Predictors of Incident Cardiac Events in Middle-Aged Working Individuals.

Background: The association of psychological variables with cardiovascular health might depend on socioeconomic status. We examined the moderating effect of occupational grade on the association between depression and incident cardiac events among middle-aged workers from the GAZEL cohort.

Methods And Results: A total of 10 541 participants (7855 men, mean age: 47.

Identifying Patients at Risk for Prehospital Sudden Cardiac Arrest at the Early Phase of Myocardial Infarction: The e-MUST Study (Evaluation en Médecine d'Urgence des Stratégies Thérapeutiques des infarctus du myocarde).

Background: In-hospital mortality of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has decreased drastically. In contrast, prehospital mortality from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) remains high and difficult to reduce. Identification of the patients with STEMI at higher risk for prehospital SCA could facilitate rapid triage and intervention in the field.

Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Subclinical Markers of Carotid Structure and Function: The Paris Prospective Study III.

Objective: We hypothesized that subclinical markers of vascular structure and function, which are independent predictors of cardiovascular disease, would be less frequent in subjects with ideal than poor cardiovascular health (CVH) as defined by the American Heart Association (AHA).

Approach And Results: Carotid parameters were measured using high-precision echotracking device in 9155 nonreferred participants attending a health checkup in a large health center in Paris (France) between 2008 and 2012. According to the AHA, participants with 0 to 2, 3 to 4, and 5 to 7 metrics (smoking, physical activity, body mass index, diet, blood glucose and total cholesterol, blood pressure) at the ideal level were categorized as having poor, intermediate, and ideal CVH.

Immediate Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Is Associated With Improved Short- and Long-Term Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Background: Whether to perform or not an immediate percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is still debated. We aimed to evaluate the impact of PCI on short- and long-term survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients admitted after successful resuscitation.

Methods And Results: Between 2000 and 2013, all nontrauma out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients admitted in a Parisian cardiac arrest center after return of spontaneous circulation were prospectively included.

Contribution of Rare and Common Genetic Variants to Plasma Lipid Levels and Carotid Stiffness and Geometry: A Substudy of the Paris Prospective Study 3.

Background: We assess the contribution of common and rare putatively functional genetic variants (most of them coding) present on the Illumina exome Beadchip to the variability of plasma lipids and stiffness of the common carotid artery.

Methods And Results: Measurements were obtained from 2283 men and 1398 women, and after filtering and exclusion of monomorphic variants, 32,827 common (minor allele frequency >0.01) and 68,770 rare variants were analyzed.

Determinants and Outcomes of Accelerated Arteriosclerosis: Major Impact of Circulating Antibodies.

Rationale: The role of circulating antibodies in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors in the development of accelerated arteriosclerosis and their long-term clinical consequences have not been demonstrated.

Objective: We investigated the role of circulating antibodies in accelerated arteriosclerosis and the role of immune-associated arteriosclerosis in graft and patient survival and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events.

Methods And Results: This was an observational prospective cohort study that included 1065 kidney transplant patients (principal cohort, n=744; validation cohort, n=321) between 2004 and 2010.

Longitudinal association of carotid plaque presence and intima-media thickness with depressive symptoms in the elderly: the three-city study.

Objective: To investigate prospectively whether subclinical vascular disease is associated with future depressive symptoms in the elderly.

Approach And Results: A multicenter cohort of community-dwelling individuals aged 65 to 85 years was examined for carotid plaque presence and common carotid artery intima-media thickness at baseline and followed up after 2, 4, 7, and 10 years. At baseline and follow-up examinations, depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).

All-Cause Mortality up to and After Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Events in European Middle-Aged Men: The PRIME Study.

Background And Purpose: The aim was to investigate prospectively the all-cause mortality risk up to and after coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke events in European middle-aged men.

Methods: The study population comprised 10 424 men 50 to 59 years of age recruited between 1991 and 1994 in France (N=7855) and Northern Ireland (N=2747) within the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction. Incident CHD and stroke events and deaths from all causes were prospectively registered during the 10-year follow-up.