Reversible acute methotrexate leukoencephalopathy: atypical brain MR imaging features.

Background: Unusual acute symptomatic and reversible early-delayed leukoencephalopathy has been reported to be induced by methotrexate (MTX).

Objective: We aimed to identify the occurrence of such atypical MTX neurotoxicity in children and document its MR presentation.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical findings and brain MRI obtained in 90 children treated with MTX for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia or non-B malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

[Imaging in paediatric epilepsy].

Epilepsy is a chronic disease, often with an onset during childhood and characterized by spontaneous and recurrent seizures. It concerns 0.5-1% of children under 16 years of age.

Hydroxyurea for sickle cell disease in children and for prevention of cerebrovascular events: the Belgian experience.

Hydroxyurea (HU) is considered to be the most successful drug therapy for severe sickle cell disease (SCD). Nevertheless, questions remain regarding its benefits in very young children and its role in the prevention of cerebrovascular events. There were 127 SCD patients treated with no attempt to reach maximal tolerated doses who entered the Belgian Registry: 109 for standard criteria and 18 who were at risk of stroke only.

[Importance of echocardiography and MRI in periventricular leukomalacia].

Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) consists of focal coagulation necrosis and of more diffuse and mild white matter involvement as gliosis and lesions of immature oligodendrocytes. PVL affects essentially the premature newborn and has become the dominant form of perinatal neurological insults. Its diagnosis remains difficult to assess as neurological examination is poorly contributive.

MRI spectrum of cortical malformations in tuberous sclerosis complex.

The diagnostic and prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in the tuberous sclerosis complex has increasingly been recognized. In this paper, we review the presumed pathogenesis of the cerebral dysgenesis seen in this condition in the light of magnetic resonance imaging features of selected patients. In addition to typical findings related to tubers, we show and discuss varied cortical malformations (from simple localized cortical dysplasia to transmantle dysplasia and schizencephaly) similar to those seen in sporadic cerebral dysgenesis.

Peri-optic nerve infiltration during leukaemic relapse: MRI diagnosis.

Background: A 10-year-old boy with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), but without previous evidence of central nervous system involvement, presented with seizures 3 years after complete remission.

Materials And Methods: MRI showed bilateral enlargement of the optic nerves despite normal ophthalmological examination.

Results: Only the third cerebrospinal fluid examination showed 2 % blasts without concomitant bone-marrow infiltration.

Hemorrhage in the cavum septi pellucidi in a full-term neonate.

A case of hemorrhage in the cavum septi pellucidi presenting as macrocephaly secondary to hydrocephalus in a full-term neonate is described. This condition has only been reported previously in one premature infant. This unusual location of intracranial bleeding has been demonstrated by ultrasonography and MRI.