Assessment of Feasibility and Interscan Variability of Short-time Cardiac MRI for Cardiotoxicity Evaluation in Breast Cancer.

Purpose To investigate the feasibility and interscan variability of short-time cardiac MRI protocol after chemotherapy in individuals with breast cancer. Materials and Methods A total of 13 healthy female controls (mean age, 52.4 years ± 13.

Preclinical and dose-ranging assessment of hESC-derived dopaminergic progenitors for a clinical trial on Parkinson's disease.

Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) cell transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we present the derivation of high-purity mDA progenitors from clinical-grade hESCs on a large scale under rigorous good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions. We also assessed the toxicity, biodistribution, and tumorigenicity of these cells in immunodeficient rats in good laboratory practice (GLP)-compliant facilities.

Optical Coherence Tomography-Guided or Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The OCTIVUS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) or optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed superior clinical outcomes compared with angiography-guided PCI. However, the comparative effectiveness of OCT-guided and IVUS-guided PCI regarding clinical outcomes is unknown.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, open-label, pragmatic trial, we randomly assigned 2008 patients with significant coronary artery lesions undergoing PCI in a 1:1 ratio to undergo either an OCT-guided or IVUS-guided PCI.

Cumulative Genetic Score and Repeat Status Independently Contribute to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk in 2 Case-Control Studies.

Background And Objectives: Most patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) lack a monogenic mutation. This study evaluates ALS cumulative genetic risk in an independent Michigan and Spanish replication cohort using polygenic scores.

Methods: Participant samples from University of Michigan were genotyped and assayed for the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 hexanucleotide expansion.

Effectiveness of US Surveillance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B: US LI-RADS Visualization Score.

Background US is a standard surveillance tool of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its effectiveness varies depending on the degree of fibrosis or steatosis and the etiologies of liver disease. Purpose To evaluate the detection power of US and the occurrence of HCC according to the US Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) visualization score in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Materials and Methods Consecutive patients with CHB undergoing regular US surveillance of HCC at a tertiary referral hospital were retrospectively included in this study.

Predictive Value of KLASS-02-QC Assessment Score on KLASS-02 Surgical Outcomes: Validation of Surgeon Quality Control and Standardization for D2 Lymphadenectomy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to audit the 22 items and assessed each item's predictive value on surgical outcomes.

Background: The KLASS-02 trial revealed that the oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic distal gastrectomy are not inferior to open distal gastrectomy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. The surgeons participating in this trial were chosen based on the assessment scores from the KLASS-02-QC trial, which used 22 items for standardization of D2 lymphadenectomy and quality control.

Routine Functional Testing or Standard Care in High-Risk Patients after PCI.

Background: There are limited data from randomized trials to guide a specific follow-up surveillance approach after myocardial revascularization. Whether a follow-up strategy that includes routine functional testing improves clinical outcomes among high-risk patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is uncertain.

Methods: We randomly assigned 1706 patients with high-risk anatomical or clinical characteristics who had undergone PCI to a follow-up strategy of routine functional testing (nuclear stress testing, exercise electrocardiography, or stress echocardiography) at 1 year after PCI or to standard care alone.

Comparison of Overall Survival between Surgical Resection and Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

It remains controversial whether surgical resection, compared to radiofrequency ablation (RFA), improves overall survival (OS) in patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to compare OS after RFA with that after resection for HCC. This retrospective study included patients who underwent RFA or surgical resection as initial treatment for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC at a very early or early stage.

Coronary CT Angiography CAD-RADS versus Coronary Artery Calcium Score in Patients with Acute Chest Pain.

Background The Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) was established in 2016 to standardize the reporting of coronary artery disease at coronary CT angiography (CCTA). Purpose To assess the prognostic value of CAD-RADS at CCTA for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain. Materials and Methods This multicenter retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at four qualifying university teaching hospitals.

Gadoxetate-enhanced MRI Features of Proliferative Hepatocellular Carcinoma Are Prognostic after Surgery.

Background Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) are heterogeneous neoplasms, and the prognosis varies based on the subtype. Two broad molecular classes of HCC have been proposed: a proliferative and a nonproliferative class. Purpose To evaluate the gadoxetate-enhanced MRI findings of the proliferative class HCC and its prognostic significance after surgery.

Glucosinolate Content in Brassica Genetic Resources and Their Distribution Pattern within and between Inner, Middle, and Outer Leaves.

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are sulfur-containing secondary metabolites naturally occurring in species. The purpose of this study was to identify the GSLs, determine their content, and study their accumulation patterns within and between leaves of kimchi cabbage ( L.) cultivars.

Prognostic Value of Tumor Regression Grade on MR in Rectal Cancer: A Large-Scale, Single-Center Experience.

Objective: To determine the prognostic value of MRI-based tumor regression grading (mrTRG) in rectal cancer compared with pathological tumor regression grading (pTRG), and to assess the effect of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) on interobserver agreement for evaluating mrTRG.

Materials And Methods: Between 2007 and 2016, we retrospectively enrolled 321 patients (male:female = 208:113; mean age, 60.2 years) with rectal cancer who underwent both pre-chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and post-CRT MRI.

Prognostic Effects of Treatment Strategies for Left Main Versus Non-Left Main Bifurcation Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Current-Generation Drug-Eluting Stent.

Background: Although 1-stent with provisional approach is the preferred strategy for the treatment of bifurcation lesions, the optimal treatment strategy according to lesion location is still debatable. This study aimed to identify whether clinical outcomes according to treatment strategy differed between left main (LM) and non-LM bifurcation lesions in the second-generation drug-eluting stent era.

Methods: The Coronary Bifurcation Stenting registry III is a retrospective multicenter registry of 2648 patients with bifurcation lesions who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with second-generation drug-eluting stent.

High Acceleration Three-Dimensional T1-Weighted Dual Echo Dixon Hepatobiliary Phase Imaging Using Compressed Sensing-Sensitivity Encoding: Comparison of Image Quality and Solid Lesion Detectability with the Standard T1-Weighted Sequence.

Objective: To compare a high acceleration three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted gradient-recalled-echo (GRE) sequence using the combined compressed sensing (CS)-sensitivity encoding (SENSE) method with a conventional 3D GRE sequence using SENSE, with respect to image quality and detectability of solid focal liver lesions (FLLs) in the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) of gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI.

Materials And Methods: A total of 217 patients with gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI at 3T (54 in the preliminary study and 163 in the main study) were retrospectively included. In the main study, HBP imaging was done twice using the standard mDixon-3D-GRE technique with SENSE (acceleration factor [AF]: 2.

Physiological and Clinical Assessment of Resting Physiological Indexes.

Background: Recently, resting pressure-derived indexes such as resting full-cycle ratio (RFR) and diastolic pressure ratio (dPR) have been introduced to assess the functional significance of epicardial coronary stenosis. The present study sought to investigate the agreement of RFR or dPR with other pressure-derived indexes (instantaneous wave-free ratio [iFR] or fractional flow reserve), the sensitivity of RFR or dPR for anatomic or hemodynamic stenosis severity, and the prognostic implications of RFR or dPR compared with iFR Methods: RFR and dPR were calculated from resting pressure tracings by an independent core laboratory in 1024 vessels (435 patients). The changes in resting physiological indexes according to diameter stenosis were compared among iFR, RFR, and dPR.

Effects of Hemin and Heating Temperature on the Mutagenicity and Lipid Oxidation of Pork Batter during In Vitro Human Digestion with Enterobacteria.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of hemin and heating temperature on the mutagenicity and lipid oxidation of pork batter during in vitro human digestion with enterobacteria. The mutagenicity and lipid oxidation of pork batter increased in the presence of hemin and with increasing temperatures from 60 to 80°C by 17.9 and 23.

Nondiagnostic Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy of Lung Lesions: A Multicenter Study of Malignancy Risk.

Purpose To evaluate the malignancy risk of lung lesions that show nondiagnostic results at transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) of the lung and to identify any malignancy-associated risk factors in each nondiagnostic category. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, 9384 initial PTNBs (9239 patients [mean age, 65 years; age range, 20-99 years] consisting of 5729 men [mean age, 66 years; age range, 20-99 years] and 3510 women [mean age, 63 years; age range, 20-94 years]) were performed in eight institutions between January 2010 and December 2014. PTNB results were categorized as diagnostic (malignant or specifically benign) or nondiagnostic (nonspecific benign pathologic findings, atypical cells, or insufficient specimen), and the proportion of final malignant diagnoses per nondiagnostic category was obtained.

Next-generation Sequencing of an Ovarian Spindle Cell Tumor Identified an Ovarian Low-grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma: A Rare Entity.

Ovarian spindle cell tumors comprise a heterogeneous group of ovarian neoplasms from benign to malignant. Since this morphologic finding describes a broad category of ovarian neoplasms, it is not easy to determine an accurate diagnosis. Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS) is a rare gynecological malignancy that presents with spindle cell lesions.

Myocardial Extracellular Volume Fraction and Change in Hematocrit Level: MR Evaluation by Using T1 Mapping in an Experimental Model of Anemia.

Purpose To evaluate the effect of changes in hematocrit level on myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) fraction, as quantified with cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in an animal model. Materials and Methods Thirteen adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent cardiac MR imaging before and after induction of anemia. MR imaging procedures, including unenhanced and contrast material-enhanced T1 mapping, were performed by using a saturation recovery Look-Locker sequence with a 9.

Effect of In Vitro Human Digestion on Biogenic Amine (Tyramine) Formation in Various Fermented Sausages.

Biogenic amines are formed in various fermented foods by microbial amino acid decarboxylation activities, and ingestion of these amines may cause human illness. However, the effect of digestion on the biogenic amines in fermented sausages has not been studied. This study was conducted to determine the effect of in vitro human digestion with the enterobacteria Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus casei on concentrations of the biogenic amine tyramine in six types of fermented sausages.