Publications by authors named "J-F Welte"
Article Synopsis
- - The study evaluated the efficacy of the MVA-BN-RSV vaccine, designed for older adults (≥60 years), against respiratory disease caused by RSV during the 2022-2023 season, involving 18,348 participants who received either the vaccine or a placebo.
- - Vaccine efficacy was reported as 42.9% against RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) with 3 symptoms and 59.0% against LRTD with 2 symptoms; however, the primary endpoint was not met due to the lower confidence interval being below a predetermined success criterion.
- - The vaccine demonstrated mild to moderate side effects, showed promise by confirming immunogenicity (increased antibody responses), but provided
Article Synopsis
- The executive summary outlines evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and treating nosocomial pneumonia, focusing on practical guidelines for healthcare providers in Germany.
- It was developed through a systematic review process by an interdisciplinary panel, with the help of an independent methodologist, and presents 26 total recommendations, including ones based on strong evidence and expert consensus.
- Key recommendations include distinguishing patients at risk for multidrug-resistant pathogens, limitations of routine bacterial PCR testing, and guidelines for antibiotic therapy, emphasizing focused treatments and the importance of rapidly de-escalating unnecessary antibiotics when patients stabilize.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers compared lung tissue samples from children with ACD, adults with non-specific interstitial pneumonia, and healthy controls, using advanced techniques like transmission electron microscopy and transcriptome profiling.
- * Findings revealed that in ACD, capillary basement membranes are abnormally thick and multilayered, while certain gene expressions related to vascular structure are altered, suggesting potential therapeutic targets to address these abnormalities.
PiZZ (Glu342Lys) α1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is characterized by intrahepatic AAT polymerization and is a risk factor for liver disease development in children. The majority of PiZZ children are disease free, hence this mutation alone is not sufficient to cause the disease. We investigated Z-AAT polymers and the expression of fibrosis-related genes in liver tissues of PiZZ children with different clinical courses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnaerobic methanotrophic (ANME) archaea obtain energy from the breakdown of methane, yet their extrachromosomal genetic elements are little understood. Here we describe large plasmids associated with ANME archaea of the Methanoperedens genus in enrichment cultures and other natural anoxic environments. By manual curation we show that two of the plasmids are large (155,605 bp and 191,912 bp), circular, and may replicate bidirectionally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- COVID-19 survivors exhibit a higher risk of pulmonary fibrosis, but the specific molecular processes behind this condition remain unclear.* -
- In a study involving 12 COVID-19 patients who died from respiratory failure, researchers analyzed gene expression profiles compared to 11 healthy individuals to understand how pulmonary fibrosis develops over time.* -
- Findings indicate that after the first week of hospitalization, patients shift from inflammation-related gene activity to fibrosis-related gene activity, suggesting potential targets for future treatment.*
Among patients with bronchiectasis, nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) ranged between 1 and 6% and it is suspected that its prevalence is underestimated. Our aim was to evaluate differences in computed tomography (CT) features in patients with bronchiectasis, with and without NTM-PD, in order to facilitate earlier diagnosis in the future. In addition, we evaluated longitudinal changes after successful NTM-PD treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-infective treatment of pulmonary exacerbations is a major issue in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Individualized dosing strategies and adaptation of infusion times are important concepts to optimize anti-infective therapy. In this prospective non-randomized controlled open-label trial, we compared pharmacokinetics of meropenem in 12 people with CF experiencing a pulmonary exacerbation, of whom six received parenteral meropenem 2 g tid as short infusion over 30 min and six extended infusion over 120 min.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: There is a paucity of observational data on antifibrotic therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We aimed to assess the course of disease of IPF patients with and without antifibrotic therapy under real-life conditions.
Methods: We analysed data from a non-interventional, prospective cohort study of consecutively enrolled IPF patients from 20 interstitial lung disease expert centres in Germany.
Purpose To quantify regional lung ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by using free-breathing dynamic fluorinated (fluorine 19 [F]) gas magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Materials and Methods In this institutional review board-approved prospective study, 27 patients with COPD were examined by using breath-hold F gas wash-in MR imaging during inhalation of a normoxic fluorinated gas mixture (perfluoropropane) and by using free-breathing dynamic F gas washout MR imaging after inhalation of the gas mixture was finished for a total of 25-30 L. Regional lung ventilation was quantified by using volume defect percentage (VDP), washout time, number of breaths, and fractional ventilation (FV).
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