Central sleep apnea in patients with pontine tegmental cap dysplasia treated with supplemental oxygen: a case report.

Unlabelled: This is the first case report of sleep-disordered breathing in patients with pontine tegmental cap dysplasia, a very rare neurological disorder characterized by an anatomic malformation in the pons. Patients present with hypotonia, cognitive dysfunction, and cranial nerve palsies (eg, hearing loss, trigeminal anesthesia, and swallow dysfunction). Extensive studies have demonstrated the relevance of different pontine neuronal nuclei in breathing regulation, which are structurally abnormal in pontine tegmental cap dysplasia.