Effects of interlayer and bi-quadratic exchange coupling on layered triangular lattice antiferromagnets.

The magnetic field evolution of ground spin states of the stacked planar triangular antiferromagnet with antiferromagnetic interlayer interaction J is explored using a minimal 3D classical Heisenberg model. A bi-quadratic coupling is also used to mimic the effect of spin fluctuations (Zhitomirsky 2015 J. Phys.

Alfalfa Root Flavonoid Production Is Nitrogen Regulated.

Flavonoids produced by legume roots are signal molecules acting both as chemoattractants and nod gene inducers for the symbiotic Rhizobium partner. Combined nitrogen inhibits the establishment of the symbiosis. To know whether nitrogen nutrition could act at the level of signal production, we have studied the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes as well as the production of flavonoids in the roots of plants grown under nitrogen-limiting or nonlimiting conditions.