Films for eliciting emotional states in children.

Standardized sets of films have been shown to be effective for eliciting emotional states in adults, but no comparable validated stimuli are available for children. We therefore examined the effects of three pre-selected film clips each of 3-min duration in eliciting a pleasant, neutral and unpleasant emotional state in 297 children aged between 6 and 12 years. After the films were presented on a video projector, affective ratings were obtained with the Self-Assessment-Manikin on the emotional dimensions of valence and arousal.

[Sonographic diagnosis of liver tumors. Results of comparative studies of ultrasound, computerized tomography, laparoscopy, biopsy and scintigraphy in 413 patients].

Based on a retrospective study of 413 patients, the accuracy of sonography compared to CT, laparoscopy, biopsy and scintigraphy in the primary diagnosis of liver masses is shown. False positive sonographic reports are analysed in retrospect. 190 of 338 solid space-occupying growths of the liver have sonographically been called definite growths and 148 have been considered suspicious of being such growths.

[Sonographic diagnosis of kidney calculi--comparative study of ultrasound, excretory urography and computer tomography in 310 patients].

The authors compared the value of sonography with I.V. urography and CT in the diagnosis of nephrolithiasis, employing a retrospective study conducted on 310 patients.